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Annotation of 41BSD/cmd/delivermail/delivermail.8, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .TH DELIVERMAIL 8
        !             2: .SH NAME
        !             3: delivermail \- deliver mail to arbitrary people
        !             4: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !             5: .B /etc/delivermail
        !             6: [
        !             7: .BR \- [ fr ]
        !             8: .I address
        !             9: ] [
        !            10: .B \-a
        !            11: ] [
        !            12: .BR \-e [ empqw ]
        !            13: ] [
        !            14: .B \-n
        !            15: ] [
        !            16: .B \-m
        !            17: ] [
        !            18: .B \-s
        !            19: ] [
        !            20: .B \-i
        !            21: ] [
        !            22: .B \-h
        !            23: .I N
        !            24: ] address ...
        !            25: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            26: .I Delivermail
        !            27: delivers a letter to one or more people,
        !            28: routing the letter over whatever networks
        !            29: are necessary.
        !            30: .I Delivermail
        !            31: will do inter-net forwarding as necessary
        !            32: to deliver the mail to the correct place.
        !            33: .PP
        !            34: .I Delivermail
        !            35: is not intended as a user interface routine;
        !            36: it is expected that other programs will provide user-friendly
        !            37: front ends,
        !            38: and
        !            39: .I delivermail
        !            40: will be used only to deliver pre-formatted messages.
        !            41: .PP
        !            42: .I Delivermail
        !            43: reads its standard input
        !            44: up to a control-D
        !            45: or a single dot
        !            46: and sends a copy of the letter found there
        !            47: to all of the addresses listed.
        !            48: If the
        !            49: .B \-i
        !            50: flag is given,
        !            51: single dots are ignored.
        !            52: It determines the network to use
        !            53: based on the syntax of the addresses.
        !            54: Addresses containing the character `@'
        !            55: or the word ``at''
        !            56: are sent to the
        !            57: .SM ARPANET;
        !            58: addresses containing `!'
        !            59: are sent to the
        !            60: .SM UUCP
        !            61: net,
        !            62: and addresses containing `:' or `.'
        !            63: are sent to the Berkeley network.
        !            64: Other addresses are assumed to be local.
        !            65: .PP
        !            66: Local addresses are looked up in the file
        !            67: .I /usr/lib/mailaliases
        !            68: and aliased appropriately.
        !            69: Aliasing can be prevented by preceeding the address
        !            70: with a backslash or using the
        !            71: .B \-n
        !            72: flag.
        !            73: Normally the sender is not included in any alias
        !            74: expansions, e.g.,
        !            75: if `john' sends to `group',
        !            76: and `group' includes `john' in the expansion,
        !            77: then the letter will not be delivered to `john'.
        !            78: The
        !            79: .B \-m
        !            80: flag disables this suppression.
        !            81: .PP
        !            82: .I Delivermail
        !            83: computes the person sending the mail
        !            84: by looking at your login name.
        !            85: The ``from'' person
        !            86: can be explicitly specified by using the
        !            87: .B \-f
        !            88: flag;
        !            89: or, if the
        !            90: .B \-a
        !            91: flag is given,
        !            92: delivermail looks in the body of the message
        !            93: for a ``From:'' or ``Sender:''
        !            94: field in
        !            95: .SM ARPANET
        !            96: format.
        !            97: The
        !            98: .B \-f
        !            99: and
        !           100: .B \-a
        !           101: flags can be used
        !           102: only by the special users
        !           103: .I root
        !           104: and
        !           105: .I network,
        !           106: or if the person you are trying to become
        !           107: is the same as the person you are.
        !           108: The
        !           109: .B \-r
        !           110: flag is entirely equivalent to the
        !           111: .B \-f
        !           112: flag; it is provided for ease of interface only.
        !           113: .PP
        !           114: The
        !           115: .BI \-e x
        !           116: flag controls the disposition of error output,
        !           117: as follows:
        !           118: .TP 3n
        !           119: .B e
        !           120: Print errors on the standard output,
        !           121: and echo a copy of the message when done.
        !           122: It is assumed that a network server will
        !           123: return the message back to the user.
        !           124: .TP
        !           125: .B m
        !           126: Mail errors back to the user.
        !           127: .TP
        !           128: .B p
        !           129: Print errors on the standard output.
        !           130: .TP
        !           131: .B q
        !           132: Throw errors away;
        !           133: only exit status is returned.
        !           134: .TP
        !           135: .B w
        !           136: Write errors back to the user's terminal,
        !           137: but only if the user is still logged in
        !           138: and write permission is enabled;
        !           139: otherwise errors are mailed back.
        !           140: .LP
        !           141: If the error is not mailed back,
        !           142: and if the mail originated on the machine where the error occurred,
        !           143: the letter is appended to the file
        !           144: .I dead.letter
        !           145: in the sender's home directory.
        !           146: .PP
        !           147: If the first character of the user name
        !           148: is a vertical bar,
        !           149: the rest of the user name is used as the name of a program
        !           150: to pipe the mail to.
        !           151: It may be necessary to quote the name of the user
        !           152: to keep
        !           153: .I delivermail
        !           154: from supressing the blanks from between arguments.
        !           155: .PP
        !           156: The message is normally editted to eliminate ``From''
        !           157: lines that might confuse other mailers.
        !           158: In particular,
        !           159: ``From'' lines in the header are deleted,
        !           160: and ``From'' lines in the body are prepended by `>'.
        !           161: The
        !           162: .B \-s
        !           163: flag saves ``From'' lines in the header.
        !           164: .PP
        !           165: The
        !           166: .B \-h
        !           167: flag gives a ``hop-count'', i.e.,
        !           168: a measure of how many times this message
        !           169: has been processed by
        !           170: .I delivermail
        !           171: (presumably on different machines).
        !           172: Each time
        !           173: .I delivermail
        !           174: processes a message,
        !           175: it increases the hop-count by one;
        !           176: if it exceeds 30
        !           177: .I delivermail
        !           178: assumes that an alias loop has occured
        !           179: and it aborts the message.
        !           180: The hop-count defaults to zero.
        !           181: .PP
        !           182: .I Delivermail
        !           183: returns an exit status
        !           184: describing what it did.
        !           185: The codes are defined in
        !           186: .IR mailexits.h :
        !           187: .ta 3n +\w'EX_UNAVAILABLE'u+3n
        !           188: .de XX
        !           189: .ti \n(.iu
        !           190: ..
        !           191: .in +\w'EX_UNAVAILABLE'u+6n
        !           192: .XX
        !           193: 0      EX_OK   Succesful completion on all addresses.
        !           194: .XX
        !           195: 2      EX_NOUSER       User name not recognized.
        !           196: .XX
        !           197: 3      EX_UNAVAILABLE  Catchall meaning necessary resources
        !           198: were not available.
        !           199: .XX
        !           200: 4      EX_SYNTAX       Syntax error in address.
        !           201: .XX
        !           202: 5      EX_SOFTWARE     Internal software error,
        !           203: including bad arguments.
        !           204: .XX
        !           205: 6      EX_OSERR        Temporary operating system error,
        !           206: such as ``cannot fork''.
        !           207: .XX
        !           208: 7      EX_NOHOST       Host name not recognized.
        !           209: .DT
        !           210: .PP
        !           211: .SH FILES
        !           212: .in +10
        !           213: .ti -10
        !           214: /usr/lib/mailaliases \- to alias names
        !           215: .ti -10
        !           216: /bin/mail \- to deliver local mail
        !           217: .ti -10
        !           218: /usr/net/bin/sendmail \- to deliver Berkeley mail
        !           219: .ti -10
        !           220: /usr/lib/mailers/arpa \- to deliver
        !           221: .SM ARPANET
        !           222: mail
        !           223: .ti -10
        !           224: /usr/lib/mailers/uucp \- to deliver
        !           225: .SM UUCP
        !           226: mail
        !           227: .ti -10
        !           228: /tmp/mail* \- temp file
        !           229: .ti -10
        !           230: /tmp/xscript* \- saved transcript
        !           231: .ti -10
        !           232: /dev/log \- to log status (optional)
        !           233: .in -10
        !           234: .SH SEE\ ALSO
        !           235: mail(1), Mail(UCB), arpa-mailer(8), uucp-mailer(8),
        !           236: mailaliases(5), userinfo(5)
        !           237: .SH BUGS
        !           238: .I Delivermail
        !           239: sends one copy of the letter
        !           240: to each user;
        !           241: it should send one copy
        !           242: of the letter to each host
        !           243: and distribute to multiple users there
        !           244: whenever possible.
        !           245: .PP
        !           246: .I Delivermail
        !           247: assumes the addresses can be represented as one word.
        !           248: This is incorrect according to the
        !           249: .SM ARPANET
        !           250: mail protocol RFC 733 (NIC 41952),
        !           251: but is consistant with the real world.

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