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1.1 ! root 1: static char *sccsid = "@(#)spline.c 4.2 (Berkeley) 11/27/82"; ! 2: #include <stdio.h> ! 3: #include <math.h> ! 4: ! 5: #define NP 1000 ! 6: #define INF HUGE ! 7: ! 8: struct proj { int lbf,ubf; float a,b,lb,ub,quant,mult,val[NP]; } x,y; ! 9: float *diag, *r; ! 10: float dx = 1.; ! 11: float ni = 100.; ! 12: int n; ! 13: int auta; ! 14: int periodic; ! 15: float konst = 0.0; ! 16: float zero = 0.; ! 17: ! 18: /* Spline fit technique ! 19: let x,y be vectors of abscissas and ordinates ! 20: h be vector of differences h9i8=x9i8-x9i-1988 ! 21: y" be vector of 2nd derivs of approx function ! 22: If the points are numbered 0,1,2,...,n+1 then y" satisfies ! 23: (R W Hamming, Numerical Methods for Engineers and Scientists, ! 24: 2nd Ed, p349ff) ! 25: h9i8y"9i-1988+2(h9i8+h9i+18)y"9i8+h9i+18y"9i+18 ! 26: ! 27: = 6[(y9i+18-y9i8)/h9i+18-(y9i8-y9i-18)/h9i8] i=1,2,...,n ! 28: ! 29: where y"908 = y"9n+18 = 0 ! 30: This is a symmetric tridiagonal system of the form ! 31: ! 32: | a918 h928 | |y"918| |b918| ! 33: | h928 a928 h938 | |y"928| |b928| ! 34: | h938 a938 h948 | |y"938| = |b938| ! 35: | . | | .| | .| ! 36: | . | | .| | .| ! 37: It can be triangularized into ! 38: | d918 h928 | |y"918| |r918| ! 39: | d928 h938 | |y"928| |r928| ! 40: | d938 h948 | |y"938| = |r938| ! 41: | . | | .| | .| ! 42: | . | | .| | .| ! 43: where ! 44: d918 = a918 ! 45: ! 46: r908 = 0 ! 47: ! 48: d9i8 = a9i8 - h9i8829/d9i-18 1<i<_n ! 49: ! 50: r9i8 = b9i8 - h9i8r9i-18/d9i-1i8 1<_i<_n ! 51: ! 52: the back solution is ! 53: y"9n8 = r9n8/d9n8 ! 54: ! 55: y"9i8 = (r9i8-h9i+18y"9i+18)/d9i8 1<_i<n ! 56: ! 57: superficially, d9i8 and r9i8 don't have to be stored for they can be ! 58: recalculated backward by the formulas ! 59: ! 60: d9i-18 = h9i8829/(a9i8-d9i8) 1<i<_n ! 61: ! 62: r9i-18 = (b9i8-r9i8)d9i-18/h9i8 1<i<_n ! 63: ! 64: unhappily it turns out that the recursion forward for d ! 65: is quite strongly geometrically convergent--and is wildly ! 66: unstable going backward. ! 67: There's similar trouble with r, so the intermediate ! 68: results must be kept. ! 69: ! 70: Note that n-1 in the program below plays the role of n+1 in the theory ! 71: ! 72: Other boundary conditions_________________________ ! 73: ! 74: The boundary conditions are easily generalized to handle ! 75: ! 76: y908" = ky918", y9n+18" = ky9n8" ! 77: ! 78: for some constant k. The above analysis was for k = 0; ! 79: k = 1 fits parabolas perfectly as well as stright lines; ! 80: k = 1/2 has been recommended as somehow pleasant. ! 81: ! 82: All that is necessary is to add h918 to a918 and h9n+18 to a9n8. ! 83: ! 84: ! 85: Periodic case_____________ ! 86: ! 87: To do this, add 1 more row and column thus ! 88: ! 89: | a918 h928 h918 | |y918"| |b918| ! 90: | h928 a928 h938 | |y928"| |b928| ! 91: | h938 a948 h948 | |y938"| |b938| ! 92: | | | .| = | .| ! 93: | . | | .| | .| ! 94: | h918 h908 a908 | | .| | .| ! 95: ! 96: where h908=_ h9n+18 ! 97: ! 98: The same diagonalization procedure works, except for ! 99: the effect of the 2 corner elements. Let s9i8 be the part ! 100: of the last element in the i8th9 "diagonalized" row that ! 101: arises from the extra top corner element. ! 102: ! 103: s918 = h918 ! 104: ! 105: s9i8 = -s9i-18h9i8/d9i-18 2<_i<_n+1 ! 106: ! 107: After "diagonalizing", the lower corner element remains. ! 108: Call t9i8 the bottom element that appears in the i8th9 colomn ! 109: as the bottom element to its left is eliminated ! 110: ! 111: t918 = h918 ! 112: ! 113: t9i8 = -t9i-18h9i8/d9i-18 ! 114: ! 115: Evidently t9i8 = s9i8. ! 116: Elimination along the bottom row ! 117: introduces further corrections to the bottom right element ! 118: and to the last element of the right hand side. ! 119: Call these corrections u and v. ! 120: ! 121: u918 = v918 = 0 ! 122: ! 123: u9i8 = u9i-18-s9i-18*t9i-18/d9i-18 ! 124: ! 125: v9i8 = v9i-18-r9i-18*t9i-18/d9i-18 2<_i<_n+1 ! 126: ! 127: The back solution is now obtained as follows ! 128: ! 129: y"9n+18 = (r9n+18+v9n+18)/(d9n+18+s9n+18+t9n+18+u9n+18) ! 130: ! 131: y"9i8 = (r9i8-h9i+18*y9i+18-s9i8*y9n+18)/d9i8 1<_i<_n ! 132: ! 133: Interpolation in the interval x9i8<_x<_x9i+18 is by the formula ! 134: ! 135: y = y9i8x9+8 + y9i+18x9-8 -(h8299i+18/6)[y"9i8(x9+8-x9+8839)+y"9i+18(x9-8-x9-8839)] ! 136: where ! 137: x9+8 = x9i+18-x ! 138: ! 139: x9-8 = x-x9i8 ! 140: */ ! 141: ! 142: float ! 143: rhs(i){ ! 144: int i_; ! 145: double zz; ! 146: i_ = i==n-1?0:i; ! 147: zz = (y.val[i]-y.val[i-1])/(x.val[i]-x.val[i-1]); ! 148: return(6*((y.val[i_+1]-y.val[i_])/(x.val[i+1]-x.val[i]) - zz)); ! 149: } ! 150: ! 151: spline(){ ! 152: float d,s,u,v,hi,hi1; ! 153: float h; ! 154: float D2yi,D2yi1,D2yn1,x0,x1,yy,a; ! 155: int end; ! 156: float corr; ! 157: int i,j,m; ! 158: if(n<3) return(0); ! 159: if(periodic) konst = 0; ! 160: d = 1; ! 161: r[0] = 0; ! 162: s = periodic?-1:0; ! 163: for(i=0;++i<n-!periodic;){ /* triangularize */ ! 164: hi = x.val[i]-x.val[i-1]; ! 165: hi1 = i==n-1?x.val[1]-x.val[0]: ! 166: x.val[i+1]-x.val[i]; ! 167: if(hi1*hi<=0) return(0); ! 168: u = i==1?zero:u-s*s/d; ! 169: v = i==1?zero:v-s*r[i-1]/d; ! 170: r[i] = rhs(i)-hi*r[i-1]/d; ! 171: s = -hi*s/d; ! 172: a = 2*(hi+hi1); ! 173: if(i==1) a += konst*hi; ! 174: if(i==n-2) a += konst*hi1; ! 175: diag[i] = d = i==1? a: ! 176: a - hi*hi/d; ! 177: } ! 178: D2yi = D2yn1 = 0; ! 179: for(i=n-!periodic;--i>=0;){ /* back substitute */ ! 180: end = i==n-1; ! 181: hi1 = end?x.val[1]-x.val[0]: ! 182: x.val[i+1]-x.val[i]; ! 183: D2yi1 = D2yi; ! 184: if(i>0){ ! 185: hi = x.val[i]-x.val[i-1]; ! 186: corr = end?2*s+u:zero; ! 187: D2yi = (end*v+r[i]-hi1*D2yi1-s*D2yn1)/ ! 188: (diag[i]+corr); ! 189: if(end) D2yn1 = D2yi; ! 190: if(i>1){ ! 191: a = 2*(hi+hi1); ! 192: if(i==1) a += konst*hi; ! 193: if(i==n-2) a += konst*hi1; ! 194: d = diag[i-1]; ! 195: s = -s*d/hi; ! 196: }} ! 197: else D2yi = D2yn1; ! 198: if(!periodic) { ! 199: if(i==0) D2yi = konst*D2yi1; ! 200: if(i==n-2) D2yi1 = konst*D2yi; ! 201: } ! 202: if(end) continue; ! 203: m = hi1>0?ni:-ni; ! 204: m = 1.001*m*hi1/(x.ub-x.lb); ! 205: if(m<=0) m = 1; ! 206: h = hi1/m; ! 207: for(j=m;j>0||i==0&&j==0;j--){ /* interpolate */ ! 208: x0 = (m-j)*h/hi1; ! 209: x1 = j*h/hi1; ! 210: yy = D2yi*(x0-x0*x0*x0)+D2yi1*(x1-x1*x1*x1); ! 211: yy = y.val[i]*x0+y.val[i+1]*x1 -hi1*hi1*yy/6; ! 212: printf("%f ",x.val[i]+j*h); ! 213: printf("%f\n",yy); ! 214: } ! 215: } ! 216: return(1); ! 217: } ! 218: readin() { ! 219: for(n=0;n<NP;n++){ ! 220: if(auta) x.val[n] = n*dx+x.lb; ! 221: else if(!getfloat(&x.val[n])) break; ! 222: if(!getfloat(&y.val[n])) break; } } ! 223: ! 224: getfloat(p) ! 225: float *p;{ ! 226: char buf[30]; ! 227: register c; ! 228: int i; ! 229: extern double atof(); ! 230: for(;;){ ! 231: c = getchar(); ! 232: if (c==EOF) { ! 233: *buf = '\0'; ! 234: return(0); ! 235: } ! 236: *buf = c; ! 237: switch(*buf){ ! 238: case ' ': ! 239: case '\t': ! 240: case '\n': ! 241: continue;} ! 242: break;} ! 243: for(i=1;i<30;i++){ ! 244: c = getchar(); ! 245: if (c==EOF) { ! 246: buf[i] = '\0'; ! 247: break; ! 248: } ! 249: buf[i] = c; ! 250: if('0'<=c && c<='9') continue; ! 251: switch(c) { ! 252: case '.': ! 253: case '+': ! 254: case '-': ! 255: case 'E': ! 256: case 'e': ! 257: continue;} ! 258: break; } ! 259: buf[i] = ' '; ! 260: *p = atof(buf); ! 261: return(1); } ! 262: ! 263: getlim(p) ! 264: struct proj *p; { ! 265: int i; ! 266: for(i=0;i<n;i++) { ! 267: if(!p->lbf && p->lb>(p->val[i])) p->lb = p->val[i]; ! 268: if(!p->ubf && p->ub<(p->val[i])) p->ub = p->val[i]; } ! 269: } ! 270: ! 271: ! 272: main(argc,argv) ! 273: char *argv[];{ ! 274: extern char *malloc(); ! 275: int i; ! 276: x.lbf = x.ubf = y.lbf = y.ubf = 0; ! 277: x.lb = INF; ! 278: x.ub = -INF; ! 279: y.lb = INF; ! 280: y.ub = -INF; ! 281: while(--argc > 0) { ! 282: argv++; ! 283: again: switch(argv[0][0]) { ! 284: case '-': ! 285: argv[0]++; ! 286: goto again; ! 287: case 'a': ! 288: auta = 1; ! 289: numb(&dx,&argc,&argv); ! 290: break; ! 291: case 'k': ! 292: numb(&konst,&argc,&argv); ! 293: break; ! 294: case 'n': ! 295: numb(&ni,&argc,&argv); ! 296: break; ! 297: case 'p': ! 298: periodic = 1; ! 299: break; ! 300: case 'x': ! 301: if(!numb(&x.lb,&argc,&argv)) break; ! 302: x.lbf = 1; ! 303: if(!numb(&x.ub,&argc,&argv)) break; ! 304: x.ubf = 1; ! 305: break; ! 306: default: ! 307: fprintf(stderr, "Bad agrument\n"); ! 308: exit(1); ! 309: } ! 310: } ! 311: if(auta&&!x.lbf) x.lb = 0; ! 312: readin(); ! 313: getlim(&x); ! 314: getlim(&y); ! 315: i = (n+1)*sizeof(dx); ! 316: diag = (float *)malloc((unsigned)i); ! 317: r = (float *)malloc((unsigned)i); ! 318: if(r==NULL||!spline()) for(i=0;i<n;i++){ ! 319: printf("%f ",x.val[i]); ! 320: printf("%f\n",y.val[i]); } ! 321: } ! 322: numb(np,argcp,argvp) ! 323: int *argcp; ! 324: float *np; ! 325: char ***argvp;{ ! 326: double atof(); ! 327: char c; ! 328: if(*argcp<=1) return(0); ! 329: c = (*argvp)[1][0]; ! 330: if(!('0'<=c&&c<='9' || c=='-' || c== '.' )) return(0); ! 331: *np = atof((*argvp)[1]); ! 332: (*argcp)--; ! 333: (*argvp)++; ! 334: return(1); } ! 335:
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