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1.1     ! root        1: .\"    @(#)mailaddr.7  4.1             7/28/83
        !             2: .TH MAILADDR 7
        !             3: .UC 4
        !             4: .SH NAME
        !             5: mailaddr \- mail addressing description
        !             6: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !             7: Mail addresses are based on the ARPANET protocol
        !             8: listed at the end of this manual page.
        !             9: These addresses are in the general format
        !            10: .PP
        !            11:                user@domain
        !            12: .PP
        !            13: where a domain is a hierarchical dot separated list of subdomains.
        !            14: For example,
        !            15: the address
        !            16: .PP
        !            17:                [email protected]
        !            18: .PP
        !            19: is normally interpreted from right to left:
        !            20: the message should go to the ARPA name tables
        !            21: (which do not correspond exactly to the physical ARPANET),
        !            22: then to the Berkeley gateway,
        !            23: after which it should go to the local host monet.
        !            24: When the message reaches monet it is delivered to the user ``eric''.
        !            25: .PP
        !            26: Unlike some other forms of addressing,
        !            27: this does not imply any routing.
        !            28: Thus,
        !            29: although this address is specified as an ARPA address,
        !            30: it might travel by an alternate route
        !            31: if that was more convenient or efficient.
        !            32: For example,
        !            33: at Berkeley the associated message
        !            34: would probably go directly to monet over the Ethernet
        !            35: rather than going via the Berkeley ARPANET gateway.
        !            36: .PP
        !            37: .I Abbreviation.
        !            38: Under certain circumstances
        !            39: it may not be necessary to type the entire domain name.
        !            40: In general anything following the first dot
        !            41: may be omitted
        !            42: if it is the same as the domain from which you are sending the message.
        !            43: For example,
        !            44: a user on
        !            45: ``calder.Berkeley.ARPA''
        !            46: could send to
        !            47: ``eric@monet''
        !            48: without adding the
        !            49: ``.Berkeley.ARPA''
        !            50: since it is the same on both sending and receiving hosts.
        !            51: .PP
        !            52: Certain other abbreviations may be permitted
        !            53: as special cases.
        !            54: For example,
        !            55: at Berkeley ARPANET hosts can be referenced
        !            56: without adding the
        !            57: ``.ARPA''
        !            58: as long as their names do not conflict
        !            59: with a local host name.
        !            60: .PP
        !            61: .I Compatibility.
        !            62: Certain old address formats
        !            63: are converted to the new format
        !            64: to provide compatibility with the previous mail system.
        !            65: In particular,
        !            66: .PP
        !            67:                host:user
        !            68: .PP
        !            69: is converted to
        !            70: .PP
        !            71:                user@host
        !            72: .PP
        !            73: to be consistent with the
        !            74: .IR rcp (1C)
        !            75: command.
        !            76: .PP
        !            77: Also, the syntax:
        !            78: .PP
        !            79:                host!user
        !            80: .PP
        !            81: is converted to:
        !            82: .PP
        !            83:                [email protected]
        !            84: .PP
        !            85: This is normally converted back to the
        !            86: ``host!user''
        !            87: form
        !            88: before being sent on for compatibility with older UUCP hosts.
        !            89: .PP
        !            90: The current implementation is not able to route messages
        !            91: automatically through the UUCP network.
        !            92: Until that time you must explicitly tell the mail system
        !            93: which hosts to send your message through
        !            94: to get to your final destination.
        !            95: .PP
        !            96: .I Case Distinctions.
        !            97: Domain names (i.e., anything after the ``@'' sign)
        !            98: may be given in any mixture of upper and lower case
        !            99: with the exception of UUCP hostnames.
        !           100: Most hosts accept any mixture of case in user names,
        !           101: with the notable exception of MULTICS sites.
        !           102: .PP
        !           103: .I Differences with ARPA Protocols.
        !           104: Although the UNIX addressing scheme
        !           105: is based on the ARPA mail addressing protocols,
        !           106: there are some significant differences.
        !           107: .PP
        !           108: At the time of this writing
        !           109: the only
        !           110: ``top level''
        !           111: domain defined by ARPA is the
        !           112: ``.ARPA''
        !           113: domain itself.
        !           114: This is further restricted to having only one level of host specifier.
        !           115: That is,
        !           116: the only addresses that ARPA accepts at this time must be in the format
        !           117: ``[email protected]''
        !           118: (where ``host'' is one word).
        !           119: In particular,
        !           120: addresses such as:
        !           121: .PP
        !           122:                [email protected]
        !           123: .PP
        !           124: are not currently legal
        !           125: under the ARPA protocols.
        !           126: For this reason,
        !           127: these addresses are converted to a different format on output
        !           128: to the ARPANET,
        !           129: typically:
        !           130: .PP
        !           131:                eric%[email protected]
        !           132: .PP
        !           133: .I Route-addrs.
        !           134: Under some circumstances
        !           135: it may be necessary to route a message
        !           136: through several hosts
        !           137: to get it to the final destination.
        !           138: Normally this routing is done automatically,
        !           139: but sometimes it is desirable to route the message manually.
        !           140: An address that shows these relays are termed
        !           141: ``route-addrs.''
        !           142: These use the syntax:
        !           143: .PP
        !           144:                <@hosta,@hostb:user@hostc>
        !           145: .PP
        !           146: This specifies that the message should be sent to hosta,
        !           147: from there to hostb,
        !           148: and finally to hostc.
        !           149: This path is forced
        !           150: even if there is a more efficient path
        !           151: to hostc.
        !           152: .PP
        !           153: Route-addrs
        !           154: occur frequently on return addresses,
        !           155: since these are generally augmented by the software
        !           156: at each host.
        !           157: It is generally possible to ignore all but the
        !           158: ``user@host''
        !           159: part of the address to determine the actual sender.
        !           160: .PP
        !           161: .I Postmaster.
        !           162: Every site is required to have a user or user alias
        !           163: designated
        !           164: ``postmaster''
        !           165: to which problems with the mail system may be addressed.
        !           166: .PP
        !           167: .I CSNET.
        !           168: Messages to CSNET sites can be sent to
        !           169: ``user.host@UDel-Relay''.
        !           170: .SH BERKELEY
        !           171: The following comments apply only to the Berkeley environment.
        !           172: .PP
        !           173: .I Host Names.
        !           174: Many of the old familiar host names
        !           175: are being phased out.
        !           176: In particular,
        !           177: single character names as used in Berknet
        !           178: are incompatible with the larger world
        !           179: of which Berkeley is now a member.
        !           180: For this reason
        !           181: the following names
        !           182: are being obsoleted.
        !           183: You should notify any correspondents
        !           184: of your new address
        !           185: as soon as possible.
        !           186: .PP
        !           187: .ta 1i 1.2i 2.5i
        !           188:        OLD     NEW
        !           189:        j       ingvax  ucbingres
        !           190:        p               ucbcad
        !           191:        r       arpavax ucbarpa
        !           192:        v       csvax   ucbernie
        !           193:        n               ucbkim
        !           194:        y               ucbcory
        !           195: .PP
        !           196: The old addresses will be rejected as unknown hosts
        !           197: sometime in the near future.
        !           198: .PP
        !           199: .I What's My Address?
        !           200: If you are on a local machine,
        !           201: say monet,
        !           202: your address is
        !           203: .PP
        !           204:                [email protected]
        !           205: .PP
        !           206: However, since most of the world does not have the new software
        !           207: in place yet,
        !           208: you will have to give correspondents slightly different addresses.
        !           209: From the ARPANET,
        !           210: your address would be:
        !           211: .PP
        !           212:                yourname%[email protected]
        !           213: .PP
        !           214: From UUCP, your address would be:
        !           215: .PP
        !           216:                ucbvax!yourname%monet
        !           217: .PP
        !           218: .I Computer Center.
        !           219: The Berkeley Computer Center
        !           220: is in a subdomain of Berkeley.
        !           221: Messages to the computer center
        !           222: should be addressed to:
        !           223: .PP
        !           224:                user%[email protected]
        !           225: .PP
        !           226: The alternate syntax:
        !           227: .PP
        !           228:                [email protected]
        !           229: .PP
        !           230: may be used if the message is sent from inside Berkeley.
        !           231: .PP
        !           232: For the time being
        !           233: Computer Center hosts
        !           234: are known within the Berkeley domain,
        !           235: i.e.,
        !           236: the
        !           237: ``.CC''
        !           238: is optional.
        !           239: However,
        !           240: it is likely that this situation will change
        !           241: with time as both the Computer Science department
        !           242: and the Computer Center grow.
        !           243: .PP
        !           244: .I Bitnet.
        !           245: Hosts on bitnet may be accessed using:
        !           246: .PP
        !           247:                [email protected]
        !           248: .PP
        !           249: .SH SEE ALSO
        !           250: mail(1), sendmail(8);
        !           251: Crocker, D. H.,
        !           252: .ul
        !           253: Standard for the Format of Arpa Internet Text Messages,
        !           254: RFC822.

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