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Annotation of 43BSD/contrib/news/man/readnews.1, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .if n .ds La '
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        !             9: .de Ch
        !            10: \\$3\\*(Lq\\$1\\*(Rq\\$2
        !            11: ..
        !            12: .TH READNEWS 1 "January 17, 1986"
        !            13: .ds ]W  Version B 2.10.3
        !            14: .SH NAME
        !            15: readnews \- read news articles
        !            16: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !            17: .BR readnews " ["
        !            18: .BI \-a " date"
        !            19: ] [
        !            20: .BI \-n " newsgroups"
        !            21: ] [
        !            22: .BI \-t " titles"
        !            23: ] [
        !            24: .BR \-leprxhfuM " ] ["
        !            25: .BR \-c " ["
        !            26: .IR mailer " ] ]"
        !            27: .PP
        !            28: .B "readnews \-s"
        !            29: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            30: .I Readnews
        !            31: without argument prints unread articles.
        !            32: There are several interfaces available other than the default:
        !            33: .TP 10
        !            34: Flag
        !            35: Interface
        !            36: .TP 10
        !            37: .B \-M
        !            38: An interface to
        !            39: .IR mailx (1).
        !            40: .TP 10
        !            41: .B \-c
        !            42: A
        !            43: .IR binmail (1)\-like
        !            44: interface.
        !            45: .TP 10
        !            46: .BI "\-c " ``mailer''
        !            47: All selected articles written to a temporary file.  Then the mailer is
        !            48: invoked.  The name of the temporary file is referenced with a
        !            49: .Ch % .
        !            50: Thus, ``mail \-f %'' will invoke mail on a temporary file consisting of all
        !            51: selected messages.
        !            52: .TP 10
        !            53: .B \-p
        !            54: All selected articles are sent to the standard output.  No questions asked.
        !            55: .TP 10
        !            56: .B \-l
        !            57: Only the titles output.  The
        !            58: .I .newsrc
        !            59: file will not be updated.
        !            60: .TP 10
        !            61: .B \-e
        !            62: Like
        !            63: .B \-l
        !            64: but also updates the
        !            65: .I .newsrc
        !            66: file.
        !            67: .LP
        !            68: The
        !            69: .B \-r
        !            70: flag causes the articles to be printed in reverse order.  The
        !            71: .B \-f
        !            72: flag prevents any followup articles from being printed.  The
        !            73: .B \-h
        !            74: flag causes articles to be printed in a less verbose format,
        !            75: and is intended for terminals running at 300 baud.
        !            76: The
        !            77: .B \-u
        !            78: flag causes the
        !            79: .I .newsrc
        !            80: file to be updated every 5 minutes,
        !            81: in case of an unreliable system.
        !            82: (Note that if the
        !            83: .I .newsrc
        !            84: file is updated,
        !            85: the
        !            86: .B x
        !            87: command will not restore it to its original contents.)
        !            88: .PP
        !            89: The following flags determine the selection of articles.
        !            90: .TP 10
        !            91: .BI "\-n " newsgroups
        !            92: Select all articles that belong to
        !            93: .I newsgroups.
        !            94: .TP 10
        !            95: .BI "\-t " titles
        !            96: Select all articles whose titles contain one of the strings specified by
        !            97: .IR titles \&.
        !            98: .TP 10
        !            99: .BI "\-a " "\fR[\fP date \fR]\fP"
        !           100: Select all articles that were posted past the given
        !           101: .I date
        !           102: (in
        !           103: .IR getdate (3)
        !           104: format).
        !           105: .TP 10
        !           106: .B \-x
        !           107: Ignore
        !           108: .I .newsrc
        !           109: file.  That is, select articles that have already been read as well as new ones.
        !           110: .PP
        !           111: .I Readnews
        !           112: maintains a
        !           113: .I .newsrc
        !           114: file in the user's home directory that specifies all news articles
        !           115: already read.  It is updated at the end of each reading session in
        !           116: which the
        !           117: .BR \-x " or " \-l
        !           118: options weren't specified.
        !           119: If the environment variable
        !           120: .B NEWSRC
        !           121: is present, it should be the path
        !           122: name of a file to be used in place of
        !           123: .IR .newsrc \&.
        !           124: .PP
        !           125: If the user wishes, an options line may be placed in the
        !           126: .I .newsrc
        !           127: file.
        !           128: This line starts with the word
        !           129: .B options
        !           130: (left justified) followed by the list of standard options just as
        !           131: they would be typed on the command line.  Such a list may include:
        !           132: the
        !           133: .B \-n
        !           134: flag along with a newsgroup list; a favorite interface; and/or
        !           135: the
        !           136: .B \-r
        !           137: or
        !           138: .B \-t
        !           139: flag.  Continuation lines are specified by following lines
        !           140: beginning with a space or tab character.
        !           141: Similarly, options can be specified in the
        !           142: .B NEWSOPTS
        !           143: environment parameter.  Where conflicts exist, option on the command
        !           144: line take precedence, followed by the
        !           145: .I .newsrc
        !           146: .B options
        !           147: line, and lastly the
        !           148: .B NEWSOPTS
        !           149: parameter.
        !           150: .PP
        !           151: You can use the
        !           152: .B \-s
        !           153: flag to print the newsgroup subscription list.
        !           154: .PP
        !           155: When the user uses the reply command of the default or
        !           156: .IR binmail (1)
        !           157: interfaces, the environment parameter
        !           158: .B MAILER
        !           159: will be used to determine
        !           160: which mailer to use.  The default is
        !           161: .IR mail (1).
        !           162: .PP
        !           163: If the user so desires, he may specify a specific paging progam
        !           164: for articles.  The environment parameter
        !           165: .B PAGER
        !           166: should be set to
        !           167: the paging program.  The name of the article is referenced with
        !           168: a
        !           169: .Ch % ,
        !           170: as in the
        !           171: .B \-c
        !           172: option.  If no
        !           173: .Ch %
        !           174: is present, the article will be piped to the program.
        !           175: Paging may be disabled by setting
        !           176: .B PAGER
        !           177: to a null value.  By default, the pager is
        !           178: .IR cat (1).
        !           179: .SH "COMMANDS"
        !           180: .PP
        !           181: This section lists the commands you can type to the default and
        !           182: .I binmail
        !           183: interface prompts.
        !           184: The default interface will suggest some common commands in brackets.
        !           185: Just hitting return is the same as typing the first command.
        !           186: For example, \*(Lq[ynq]\*(Rq means that the commands
        !           187: .Ch y
        !           188: (yes),
        !           189: .Ch n
        !           190: (no),
        !           191: and
        !           192: .Ch q
        !           193: (quit) are common responses, and that
        !           194: .Ch y
        !           195: is the default.
        !           196: .sp
        !           197: .ta 2.5i
        !           198: Command                Meaning
        !           199: .IP \fB\-\fP
        !           200: Go back to last article.
        !           201: This is a toggle, typing it twice returns you to the original article.
        !           202: .IP \fB#\fP
        !           203: Report the name and size of the newsgroup.
        !           204: .IP \fB!\fP
        !           205: Shell escape.
        !           206: .IP "\fB<\fP\fImessage ID\fP\fB>\fP"
        !           207: Look for a particular article.
        !           208: (See
        !           209: .I
        !           210: Standard for Interchange of Usenet Messages
        !           211: for a description of message ID's).
        !           212: .IP \fBb\fP
        !           213: Back.  Back up one article.
        !           214: .IP \fBc\fP
        !           215: Cancel the article.  Only the author or the super user can do this.
        !           216: .IP \fBd\fP
        !           217: Read a digest.  Breaks up a digest into separate articles
        !           218: and permits you to read and reply to each piece.
        !           219: .IP \fBD\fP [\fInumber\fP]
        !           220: Decrypt.  Invokes a Caesar decoding program on the body of the message.
        !           221: This is used to decrypt rotated jokes posted to
        !           222: .BR net.jokes .
        !           223: Such jokes are usually obscene or otherwise offensive to some
        !           224: groups of people, and so are rotated to avoid accidental
        !           225: decryption by people who would be offended.
        !           226: The title of the joke should indicate the nature of the problem,
        !           227: enabling people to decide whether to decrypt it or not.
        !           228: .IP
        !           229: An explicit
        !           230: .I number
        !           231: rotation (usually 13) may be given to force a particular shift.
        !           232: .IP \fBe\fP
        !           233: Erase.  Forget that this article was read.
        !           234: .IP "\fBf\fP [\fItitle\fP]"
        !           235: Submit a follow up article.
        !           236: Normally you should leave off the title, since the system will generate
        !           237: one for you.
        !           238: You will be placed in your
        !           239: .B EDITOR
        !           240: to compose the text of the followup.
        !           241: .IP "\fBfd\fP"
        !           242: Followup directly, without edited headers.  This is like
        !           243: .BR f ,
        !           244: but the headers of the article are not included in the editor buffer.
        !           245: .IP \fBh\fP
        !           246: Header.  Print a more verbose header.
        !           247: .IP \fBH\fP
        !           248: Print a very verbose header, containing all known information
        !           249: about the article.
        !           250: .IP \fBK\fP
        !           251: Kill.  Mark all remaining articles in this newsgroup as read
        !           252: and skip to the next newsgroup.
        !           253: .IP \fBn\fP
        !           254: No.  Goes on to next article without printing current one.
        !           255: In the
        !           256: .I binmail
        !           257: interface, this means \*(Lqgo on to the next article\*(Rq,
        !           258: which will have the same effect as
        !           259: .B y
        !           260: or just hitting return.
        !           261: .IP "\fBN\fP [\fInewsgroup\fP]"
        !           262: Next Newsgroup.
        !           263: Go to the next newsgroup or named newsgroup.
        !           264: .IP \fBp\fP
        !           265: Print.  Reprint previous article.
        !           266: .IP \fBP\fP
        !           267: Previous Newsgroup.  Go back to previous newsgroup.
        !           268: .IP \fBq\fP
        !           269: Quit.  The
        !           270: .I .newsrc
        !           271: file will be updated if
        !           272: .B \-l
        !           273: or
        !           274: .B \-x
        !           275: were not on the command line.
        !           276: .IP r
        !           277: Reply.  Reply to article's author via
        !           278: .IR mail \&.
        !           279: You are placed in your
        !           280: .B EDITOR
        !           281: (by default
        !           282: .IR vi (1))
        !           283: with a header specifying
        !           284: \&\*(LqTo\*(Rq, \*(LqSubject\*(Rq, and \*(LqReferences\*(Rq
        !           285: lines taken from the message.
        !           286: You may change or add headers, as appropriate.
        !           287: You add the text of the reply after the blank line, and then exit
        !           288: the editor.  The resulting message is mailed to the author of the article.
        !           289: .IP \fBrd\fP
        !           290: Reply directly.
        !           291: You are placed in 
        !           292: .B MAILER
        !           293: .RI ( mail
        !           294: by default) in reply to the author.
        !           295: Type the text of the reply and then control-D.
        !           296: .IP "\fBs\fP [\fIfile\fP]"
        !           297: Save.  The article is appended to the named file.
        !           298: The default is
        !           299: .IR Articles \&.
        !           300: If the first character of the file name is
        !           301: .Ch | ,
        !           302: the rest of the file name is taken as the name of a program,
        !           303: which is executed with the text of the article as standard input.
        !           304: If the first character of the file name is
        !           305: .Ch / ,
        !           306: it is
        !           307: taken as a full path name of a file.
        !           308: If
        !           309: .B NEWSBOX
        !           310: (in the environment) is set to a full path name,
        !           311: and the file contains no
        !           312: .Ch / ,
        !           313: the file is saved in
        !           314: .BR NEWSBOX .
        !           315: Otherwise, it is saved relative to
        !           316: .BR HOME .
        !           317: .IP \fBU\fP
        !           318: Unsubscribe from this newsgroup. Also goes on to the next newsgroup.
        !           319: .IP \fBv\fP
        !           320: Print the current version of the news software.
        !           321: .IP \fBw\fP
        !           322: Same as
        !           323: .BR s .
        !           324: .IP \fBx\fP
        !           325: Exit.  Like quit except that
        !           326: .I .newsrc
        !           327: is not updated.
        !           328: .IP "\fBX\fP \fIsystem\fP"
        !           329: Transmit article to the named system.
        !           330: .IP \fBy\fP
        !           331: Yes.  Prints current article and goes on to next.
        !           332: .IP \fInumber\fP
        !           333: Go to \fInumber\fP.
        !           334: .IP \fB+\fP[\fIn\fP]
        !           335: Skip
        !           336: .I n
        !           337: articles.
        !           338: The articles skipped are recorded as ``unread'' and will be
        !           339: offered to you again the next time you read news.
        !           340: .PP
        !           341: The commands
        !           342: .BR c ,
        !           343: .BR f ,
        !           344: .BR fd ,
        !           345: .BR r ,
        !           346: .BR rd ,
        !           347: .BR e ,
        !           348: .BR h ,
        !           349: .BR H ,
        !           350: and
        !           351: .B s
        !           352: can be followed by
        !           353: .BR \- 's
        !           354: to refer to the previous article.
        !           355: Thus, when replying to an article using the default interface,
        !           356: you should normally type
        !           357: .B r\-
        !           358: (or
        !           359: .BR re- )
        !           360: since by the time you enter
        !           361: a command, you are being offered the next article.
        !           362: .SH EXAMPLES
        !           363: .TP 10
        !           364: .B readnews
        !           365: Read all unread articles using the default interface.  The
        !           366: .I .newsrc
        !           367: file is updated at the end of the session.
        !           368: .TP 10
        !           369: .B readnews \-c ``ed %'' \-l
        !           370: Invoke the
        !           371: .IR ed (1)
        !           372: text editor on a file containing the titles of all unread articles.  The
        !           373: .I .newsrc
        !           374: file is
        !           375: .B not
        !           376: updated at the end of the session.
        !           377: .TP 10
        !           378: .B readnews \-n all !fa.all \-M \-r
        !           379: Read all unread articles except articles whose newsgroups begin with
        !           380: .B fa.
        !           381: via
        !           382: .I mailx
        !           383: in reverse order.  The
        !           384: .I .newsrc
        !           385: file is updated at the end of the session.
        !           386: .TP 10
        !           387: .B "readnews \-p \-n all \-a last thursday"
        !           388: Print every unread article since last Thursday.  The
        !           389: .I .newsrc
        !           390: file is
        !           391: updated at the end of the session.
        !           392: .TP 10
        !           393: .B "readnews \-p > /dev/null &"
        !           394: Discard all unread news.
        !           395: This is useful after returning from a long trip.
        !           396: .SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
        !           397: .IP \fBEDITOR\fP
        !           398: Editor invoked by
        !           399: .B f
        !           400: command.  (Default is
        !           401: .IR /usr/ucb/vi .)
        !           402: .IP \fBMAILER\fP
        !           403: Mailing program invoked by the
        !           404: .B r
        !           405: command.  (Default is
        !           406: .IR /bin/mail .)
        !           407: .IP \fBNAME\fP
        !           408: Your full name used in header of articles posted by you.  (Default is
        !           409: the comments field of your id in
        !           410: .IR /etc/passwd .)
        !           411: .IP \fBNEWSBOX\fP
        !           412: File or directory where articles saved with the
        !           413: .B s
        !           414: command are stored.
        !           415: (Default is same as
        !           416: .BR HOME .)
        !           417: .IP \fBNEWSOPTS\fP
        !           418: Options for \fIreadnews\fR.
        !           419: .IP \fBORGANIZATION\fP
        !           420: Full name of this site used header of articles posted by you.
        !           421: .IP \fBPAGER\fP
        !           422: Paging program invoked by articles with more than 16 lines.  (Default
        !           423: is
        !           424: .IR /usr/ucb/more .)
        !           425: .IP \fBSHELL\fP
        !           426: The shell invoked by the
        !           427: .B !
        !           428: command.  (Default is
        !           429: .IR /bin/sh .)
        !           430: .SH FILES
        !           431: .PD 0
        !           432: .TP 25
        !           433: .RI /usr/spool/news/ newsgroup / number
        !           434: News articles
        !           435: .TP 25
        !           436: /usr/lib/news/active
        !           437: Active newsgroups and numbers of articles
        !           438: .TP 25
        !           439: /usr/lib/news/help
        !           440: Help file for default interface
        !           441: .TP 25
        !           442: ~/.newsrc
        !           443: Options and list of previously read articles
        !           444: .PD
        !           445: .SH SEE ALSO
        !           446: binmail(1),
        !           447: checknews(1),
        !           448: inews(1),
        !           449: mail(1),
        !           450: mailx(1),
        !           451: news(5),
        !           452: newsrc(5)
        !           453: postnews(1),
        !           454: vnews(1),
        !           455: getdate(3),
        !           456: news(5),
        !           457: newsrc(5),
        !           458: expire(8),
        !           459: recnews(8),
        !           460: sendnews(8),
        !           461: uurec(8)
        !           462: .br
        !           463: .I
        !           464: How to Read the Network News
        !           465: by Mark Horton.
        !           466: .br
        !           467: .I
        !           468: Standard for Interchange of Usenet Messages
        !           469: by Mark Horton.
        !           470: .SH AUTHORS
        !           471: Matt Glickman
        !           472: .br
        !           473: Mark Horton
        !           474: .br
        !           475: Stephen Daniel
        !           476: .br
        !           477: Tom R. Truscott
        !           478: 

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