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1.1     ! root        1: .if n .ds La '
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        !            10: \\$3\\*(Lq\\$1\\*(Rq\\$2
        !            11: ..
        !            12: .TH VNEWS 1 "January 17, 1986"
        !            13: .ds ]W  Version B 2.10.3
        !            14: .SH NAME
        !            15: vnews \- read news articles
        !            16: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !            17: .BR vnews " [ " \-a
        !            18: .IR date " ] [ "
        !            19: .B \-n
        !            20: .IR newsgroups " ] [ "
        !            21: .B \-t
        !            22: .IR titles " ] [ "
        !            23: .BR \-rxuc " ] "
        !            24: .PP
        !            25: .B "vnews \-s"
        !            26: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            27: .I Vnews 
        !            28: is a program for reading USENET news. It is based
        !            29: on
        !            30: .IR readnews (1)
        !            31: but has a CRT oriented interface.
        !            32: The list of available commands is quite
        !            33: similar, although since
        !            34: .I vnews
        !            35: is a \*(Lqvisual\*(Rq
        !            36: interface, most
        !            37: .I vnews
        !            38: commands do not have to be terminated
        !            39: by a newline.
        !            40: .LP
        !            41: .I Vnews
        !            42: uses all but the last two lines of the screen to display
        !            43: the current article. The next-to-last line is the secondary prompt line,
        !            44: and is used to input string arguments to commands.  The last line
        !            45: contains several fields.  The first field is the prompt
        !            46: field. If
        !            47: .I vnews
        !            48: is at the end of an article, the prompt is
        !            49: \&\*(Lqnext?\*(Rq; otherwise the prompt is \*(Lqmore?\*(Rq. The second field
        !            50: is the newsgroup field, which displays the current newsgroup,
        !            51: the number of the current article, and the number of
        !            52: the last article in the newsgroup. The third field contains
        !            53: the current time, and the last field contains the word
        !            54: \&\*(Lqmail\*(Rq if you have mail. When you receive new mail, the bell
        !            55: on the terminal is rung and the word \*(LqMAIL\*(Rq appears in capital
        !            56: letters for 30 seconds.
        !            57: .PP
        !            58: .I Vnews 
        !            59: without any arguments prints unread articles.
        !            60: .PP
        !            61: The following flags determine the selection of articles.
        !            62: .TP 10
        !            63: .BI "\-a " "\fR[\fP date \fR]\fP"
        !            64: Select articles posted after the given
        !            65: .I date
        !            66: (in
        !            67: .IR getdate (3)
        !            68: format).
        !            69: .TP 10
        !            70: .BI "\-n " newsgroups
        !            71: Select articles belonging to
        !            72: .I newsgroups.
        !            73: .TP 10
        !            74: .BI "\-t " titles
        !            75: Select articles whose titles contain one of the strings specified by
        !            76: .I titles.
        !            77: .TP 10
        !            78: .B \-r
        !            79: Print the articles in reverse order.
        !            80: .TP 10
        !            81: .B \-x
        !            82: Ignore
        !            83: .I .newsrc
        !            84: file.  That is, select articles that have already been read as well as new ones.
        !            85: .TP 10
        !            86: .B \-u
        !            87: Update the 
        !            88: .I .newsrc
        !            89: file every 5 minutes, as in the case of an unreliable system.
        !            90: (Note that if the
        !            91: .I .newsrc
        !            92: file is updated, the
        !            93: .B x
        !            94: command will not restore it to its original contents.)
        !            95: .PP
        !            96: If the
        !            97: .B \-c
        !            98: flag is specified,
        !            99: .I vnews
        !           100: will print the first
        !           101: page of the article, instead of just the header.
        !           102: .PP
        !           103: You can use the
        !           104: .B \-s
        !           105: flag to print the newsgroup subscription list.
        !           106: .PP
        !           107: .I Vnews
        !           108: maintains a
        !           109: .I .newsrc
        !           110: file in the your home directory that specifies all news articles
        !           111: already read.  It is updated at the end of each reading session
        !           112: unless the
        !           113: .BR \-x
        !           114: option was specified.
        !           115: If the environment variable
        !           116: .B NEWSRC
        !           117: is present, it should be the path
        !           118: name of a file to be used in place of
        !           119: .IR .newsrc \&.
        !           120: .PP
        !           121: If you wish, an options line may be placed in your
        !           122: .I .newsrc
        !           123: file.
        !           124: This line starts with the word
        !           125: .B options
        !           126: (left justified) followed by the list of standard options just as
        !           127: they would be typed on the command line.  Such a list may include:
        !           128: the
        !           129: .B \-n
        !           130: flag along with a newsgroup list and/or
        !           131: the
        !           132: .B \-r
        !           133: or
        !           134: .B \-t
        !           135: flag.  
        !           136: Continuation lines begin with a space or tab character.
        !           137: .SH ENVIRONMENT
        !           138: Options can be specified in the
        !           139: .B NEWSOPTS
        !           140: environment parameter.  Where conflicts exist, options on the command
        !           141: line take precedence, followed by the
        !           142: .I .newsrc
        !           143: .B options
        !           144: line, and lastly the
        !           145: .B NEWSOPTS
        !           146: parameter.
        !           147: .PP
        !           148: When the user uses the reply command,
        !           149: the environment parameter
        !           150: .B MAILER
        !           151: will be used to determine which mailer to use. The default is usually
        !           152: .IR /bin/mail \&.
        !           153: .PP
        !           154: If the user so desires, he may specify a specific paging program
        !           155: for articles.  The environment parameter
        !           156: .B PAGER
        !           157: should be set to the paging program.  The name of the article is referenced with
        !           158: a
        !           159: .Ch % ,
        !           160: as in the
        !           161: .B \-c
        !           162: option.  If no
        !           163: .Ch %
        !           164: is present, the article will be piped to the program.
        !           165: Paging may be disabled by setting
        !           166: .B PAGER
        !           167: to a null value.
        !           168: .PP
        !           169: If
        !           170: .B EDITOR
        !           171: is set, it will be used in place of the default editor on your system to
        !           172: edit replies and follow-ups.
        !           173: .PP
        !           174: If
        !           175: .B NAME
        !           176: is set, it will be used as your full name when posting news or
        !           177: submitting a follow-up. If it is not set, the name will be taken
        !           178: from the file
        !           179: .I .name
        !           180: in your home directory. If this file is not present, the name will
        !           181: be taken from
        !           182: .IR /etc/passwd .
        !           183: .PP
        !           184: If
        !           185: .B NEWSARCHIVE
        !           186: is set, a copy of any articles you post or follow-up to, will be saved
        !           187: in the specified file. If it is the null string, they will be
        !           188: copied in 
        !           189: .I author_copy
        !           190: in your home directory.
        !           191: .PP
        !           192: If
        !           193: .B NEWSBOX
        !           194: is set, the filename you specify when you save or write a file
        !           195: will be prepended with
        !           196: .B NEWSBOX
        !           197: unless the filename is an absolute pathname.
        !           198: .PP
        !           199: If
        !           200: .B NEWSRC
        !           201: is set, it will be used in place of the
        !           202: .I .newsrc
        !           203: file in your home directory.
        !           204: .PP
        !           205: If
        !           206: .B ORGANIZATION
        !           207: is set, it will be used as the name of your organization whenever you
        !           208: post an article. The default is compiled in and is usually correct.
        !           209: Typically, you would only use this if you were reading news at a
        !           210: site other than normal. (Or if you are trying to be cute.)
        !           211: .SH "COMMANDS"
        !           212: .PP
        !           213: Each
        !           214: .I vnews
        !           215: command may be preceded by a count.  Some
        !           216: commands use the count; others ignore it. If count is omitted,
        !           217: it defaults to one. Some commands prompt for an argument
        !           218: on the second line from the bottom of the screen.  Standard UNIX erase
        !           219: and kill processing is done on this argument.  The argument is
        !           220: terminated by a return. An interrupt
        !           221: (\s-2DEL\s0 or \s-2BREAK\s0) gets you out of any partially entered command. 
        !           222: .sp
        !           223: In the following table, ^B is used as a shorthand for Control-B.
        !           224: .sp
        !           225: .ta 2.5i
        !           226: Command                Meaning
        !           227: .IP \fB\s-2CR\s0\fP
        !           228: A carriage return prints more of the current article,
        !           229: or goes on to the next article if you are at the end of
        !           230: the current article. A \fB\s-2SPACE\s0\fP is equivalent to \fB\s-2CR\s0\fP.
        !           231: .IP \fB^B\fP
        !           232: Go backwards
        !           233: .I count
        !           234: pages.
        !           235: .IP \fB^F\fP
        !           236: Go forward
        !           237: .I count
        !           238: pages.
        !           239: .IP \fB^D\fP
        !           240: Go forwards half a page.
        !           241: .IP \fB^U\fP
        !           242: Go backwards half a page.
        !           243: .IP \fB^Z\fP
        !           244: Go forwards
        !           245: .I count
        !           246: lines.
        !           247: .IP \fB^E\fP
        !           248: Go backwards
        !           249: .I count
        !           250: lines.
        !           251: .IP \fB^L\fP
        !           252: Redraw the screen. \fB^L\fP may be typed at any time.
        !           253: .IP \fBb\fP
        !           254: Back up one article in the current group.
        !           255: .IP \fBc\fP
        !           256: Cancel the article.  Only the author of the article or the super user
        !           257: can do this.
        !           258: .IP \fBd\fP
        !           259: Read a digest.  Breaks up a digest into separate articles
        !           260: and permits you to read and reply to each piece.
        !           261: .IP \fBe\fP
        !           262: Erase.  Forget that this article was read.
        !           263: .IP \fBf\fP
        !           264: Submit a follow-up article.
        !           265: You will be placed in your
        !           266: .B EDITOR
        !           267: to compose the text of the follow-up.
        !           268: .IP \fBh\fP
        !           269: Go back to the top of the article and display only the
        !           270: header.
        !           271: .IP \fBl\fP
        !           272: Redisplay the article after you have sent a follow-up or reply.
        !           273: .IP \fBm\fP
        !           274: Move on to the next item in a digest.
        !           275: .IP \fBn\fP
        !           276: No.  Go on to the next article without printing current one. 
        !           277: .B \&.
        !           278: is equivalent to
        !           279: .BR n .
        !           280: This is convenient if your terminal
        !           281: has a keypad.
        !           282: .IP \fBp\fP
        !           283: Show the parent article (the article that the
        !           284: current article is a follow-up to). This doesn't work
        !           285: if the current article was posted by A-news or notesfiles.  To
        !           286: switch between the current and parent articles, use the
        !           287: .B \-
        !           288: command. Unfortunately, if you use several
        !           289: .B p
        !           290: commands
        !           291: to trace the discussion back further, there is no command to return
        !           292: to the original level.
        !           293: .IP \fBq\fP
        !           294: Quit.  The
        !           295: .I .newsrc
        !           296: file will be updated unless
        !           297: .B \-x
        !           298: was on the command line.
        !           299: .IP \fBr\fP
        !           300: Reply.  Reply to article's author via mail.
        !           301: You are placed in your
        !           302: .B EDITOR
        !           303: with a header specifying
        !           304: \&\*(LqTo\*(Rq, \*(LqSubject\*(Rq, and \*(LqReferences\*(Rq
        !           305: lines taken from the message.
        !           306: You may change or add headers, as appropriate.
        !           307: Add the text of the reply after the blank line, and then exit
        !           308: the editor.  The resulting message is mailed to the author of the article.
        !           309: .IP \fBR\fP
        !           310: This is the same as \fBr\fP except the body of the article is included
        !           311: in your mail message for you.
        !           312: .IP \fBESC-r\fP
        !           313: Reply directly.  You are placed in your
        !           314: .B MAILER
        !           315: as if you had run it specifying
        !           316: the author of the article as the recipient of a letter.
        !           317: .IP "\fBs\fP [\fIfile\fP]"
        !           318: Save.  The article is appended to the named file.
        !           319: The default is
        !           320: .IR Articles .
        !           321: If the first character of the file name is
        !           322: .Ch | ,
        !           323: the rest of the file name is taken as the name of a program,
        !           324: which is executed with the text of the article as standard input.
        !           325: If the first character of the file name is
        !           326: .Ch / ,
        !           327: it is
        !           328: taken as the full pathname of a file.
        !           329: If
        !           330: .B NEWSBOX
        !           331: (in the environment) is set to a full pathname,
        !           332: and the file contains no
        !           333: .Ch / ,
        !           334: the file is saved in
        !           335: .BR NEWSBOX .
        !           336: Otherwise, it is saved relative to
        !           337: .BR HOME .
        !           338: .IP \fBug\fP
        !           339: Unsubscribe to the current group. This is a two character
        !           340: command to ensure that it is not typed accidentally
        !           341: and to leave room for other types of unsubscribes (e.g. 
        !           342: unsubscribe to discussion).
        !           343: .IP \fBv\fP
        !           344: Print the current version of the news software.
        !           345: .IP \fBw\fP
        !           346: Write. Like save
        !           347: .BR s ,
        !           348: except that the headers are not written out.
        !           349: .IP \fBx\fP
        !           350: Exit.  Like quit except that
        !           351: .I .newsrc
        !           352: is not updated.
        !           353: .IP \fBy\fP
        !           354: Yes.  Print the current article and go to the next.
        !           355: .IP [\fIn\fP]\fBA\fP
        !           356: Go to article number \fIn\fP in the current newsgroup.
        !           357: .IP \fBD\fP
        !           358: Decrypts a joke. It only handles rot 13 jokes.   The
        !           359: .B D
        !           360: command is a toggle; typing another
        !           361: .B D
        !           362: re-encrypts the
        !           363: joke.
        !           364: .IP \fBH\fP
        !           365: Print a very verbose header, containing all known information
        !           366: about the article.
        !           367: .IP \fBK\fP
        !           368: Kill (mark as read) the rest of the articles in the current group. 
        !           369: This is useful if you can't keep up with the volume in the newsgroup,
        !           370: but don't want to unsubscribe.
        !           371: .IP "\fBN\fP [\fInewsgroup\fP]"
        !           372: Go to the next newsgroup or named newsgroup.
        !           373: .IP [\fIn\fP]\fB+\fP
        !           374: Skip
        !           375: .I n
        !           376: articles.
        !           377: The articles skipped are recorded as ``unread'' and will be
        !           378: offered to you again the next time you read news.
        !           379: .IP \fB\-\fP
        !           380: Go back to last article.
        !           381: This is a toggle; typing it twice returns you to the original article.
        !           382: .IP \fB<\fP
        !           383: Prompt for an article ID or the rest of a message ID.
        !           384: It will display the article if it exists.
        !           385: .IP \fB#\fP
        !           386: Report the name and size of the newsgroup.
        !           387: .IP \fB?\fP
        !           388: Print an short help message.
        !           389: .IP \fB!\fP
        !           390: Passes the rest of the command line to the shell.  The
        !           391: environment variable
        !           392: .B A
        !           393: is set to the name of the file
        !           394: containing the current article.  If the last character
        !           395: of the command is a
        !           396: .BR & ,
        !           397: then the
        !           398: .B &
        !           399: is deleted and
        !           400: the command is run in the background with stdin, stdout
        !           401: and stderr redirected to
        !           402: .IR /dev/null .
        !           403: If the command is
        !           404: missing, the shell is invoked. Use the
        !           405: .B l
        !           406: command (or
        !           407: essentially any other command) to turn on the display
        !           408: after the program terminates.
        !           409: .SH EXAMPLES
        !           410: .TP 10
        !           411: .B vnews
        !           412: Read all unread articles using the
        !           413: .IR visual
        !           414: interface.  The
        !           415: .I .newsrc
        !           416: file is updated at the end of the session.
        !           417: .TP 10
        !           418: .B vnews \-n all !mod.all \-r
        !           419: Read all unread articles except articles whose newsgroups begin with
        !           420: .B mod.
        !           421: in reverse order.  The
        !           422: .I .newsrc
        !           423: file is updated at the end of the session.
        !           424: .TP 10
        !           425: .B "vnews \-n all \-a last thursday"
        !           426: Print every unread article since last Thursday.  The
        !           427: .I .newsrc
        !           428: file is
        !           429: updated at the end of the session.
        !           430: .TP 10
        !           431: .B "vnews \-p > /dev/null &"
        !           432: Discard all unread news.
        !           433: This is useful after returning from a long trip.
        !           434: .SH FILES
        !           435: .PD 0
        !           436: .TP 40
        !           437: .RI /usr/spool/news/ newsgroup / number
        !           438: News articles
        !           439: .TP 40
        !           440: /usr/lib/news/active
        !           441: Active newsgroups
        !           442: .TP 40
        !           443: /usr/lib/news/vnews.help
        !           444: Help file for
        !           445: .IR visual
        !           446: interface
        !           447: .TP 40
        !           448: ~/.newsrc
        !           449: Options and list of previously read articles
        !           450: .PD
        !           451: .SH SEE ALSO
        !           452: checknews(1),
        !           453: inews(1),
        !           454: postnews(1),
        !           455: readnews(1),
        !           456: vnews(1),
        !           457: getdate(3),
        !           458: news(5),
        !           459: newsrc(5),
        !           460: expire(8),
        !           461: recnews(8),
        !           462: sendnews(8),
        !           463: uurec(8)

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