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Annotation of 43BSD/etc/named/tools/ns.lookup/man/nslookup.l, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1986 Regents of the University of California.
        !             2: .\" All rights reserved.  The Berkeley software License Agreement
        !             3: .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
        !             4: .\"
        !             5: .\"    @(#)nslookup.l  1.1 (Berkeley) 5/12/86
        !             6: .\"
        !             7: .TH NSLOOKUP 1 "May 12, 1986"
        !             8: .UC 5
        !             9: .SH NAME
        !            10: nslookup \- query name servers interactively
        !            11: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !            12: .B nslookup
        !            13: [
        !            14: .I host-to-find
        !            15: [
        !            16: .I server address | server name
        !            17: ]] 
        !            18: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            19: .IR Nslookup
        !            20: with no arguments is an interactive program to query DARPA Internet
        !            21: domain name servers. The user can contact servers to 
        !            22: request information about a specific host or print
        !            23: a list of hosts in the domain. 
        !            24: .sp 1
        !            25: .SH COMMANDS
        !            26: Commands may be interrupted at any time by typing a control-C.
        !            27: To exit, type a control-D (EOF).
        !            28: The command line length must be less than 80 characters.
        !            29: \fBN.B.\fP an unrecognized command will be interpreted as a host name.
        !            30: .sp 1
        !            31: .IP "host [server]"
        !            32: Look up information for \fIhost\fP using the current default server
        !            33: or using \fIserver\fP if it is specified.
        !            34: .sp 1
        !            35: .IP "\fBserver\fP \fIdomain\fP"
        !            36: .ns
        !            37: .IP "\fBlserver\fP \fIdomain\fP"
        !            38: Change the default server to \fIdomain\fP. 
        !            39: \fBLserver\fP uses the initial server to look up 
        !            40: information about \fIdomain\fP while \fBserver\fP
        !            41: uses the current default server. 
        !            42: If an authoritative answer can't be found, the names of servers
        !            43: that might have the answer are returned.
        !            44: .sp 1
        !            45: .IP \fBroot\fP
        !            46: Changes the default server to the server for the root of the domain name space.
        !            47: Currently, the host sri-nic.arpa is used.
        !            48: (This command is a synonym for the \fBlserver sri-nic.arpa\fP.)
        !            49: The name of the root server can be changed with the \fBset root\fP command.
        !            50: .sp 1
        !            51: .IP "\fBfinger\fP [\fIname\fP] [\fB>\fP \fIfilename\fP]"
        !            52: .ns
        !            53: .IP "\fBfinger\fP [\fIname\fP] [\fB>>\fP \fIfilename\fP]"
        !            54: Connects with the finger server on the current host. 
        !            55: The current host is defined when a previous lookup for a host
        !            56: was successful and returned address information (see the 
        !            57: \fBset querytype=A\fP command).
        !            58: \fIName\fP is optional. 
        !            59: \fB>\fP and \fB>>\fP can be used to redirect output in the
        !            60: usual manner.
        !            61: .sp 1
        !            62: .IP "\fBls\fP \fIdomain\fP [\fB>\fP \fIfilename\fP]"
        !            63: .ns
        !            64: .IP "\fBls\fP \fIdomain\fP [\fB>>\fP \fIfilename\fP]"
        !            65: .ns
        !            66: .IP "\fBls -a\fP \fIdomain\fP [\fB>\fP \fIfilename\fP]"
        !            67: .ns
        !            68: .IP "\fBls -a\fP \fIdomain\fP [\fB>>\fP \fIfilename\fP]"
        !            69: .ns
        !            70: .IP "\fBls -h\fP \fIdomain\fP [\fB>\fP \fIfilename\fP]"
        !            71: .ns
        !            72: .IP "\fBls -h\fP \fIdomain\fP [\fB>>\fP \fIfilename\fP]"
        !            73: List the information available for \fIdomain\fP. 
        !            74: The default output contains host names and their Internet addresses. 
        !            75: The \fB-a\fP option lists aliases of hosts in the domain.
        !            76: The \fB-h\fP option lists CPU and operating system information for the domain.
        !            77: When output is directed to a file, hash marks are printed for every
        !            78: 50 records received from the server.
        !            79: .sp 1
        !            80: .IP "\fBview\fP \fIfilename\fP"
        !            81: Sorts and lists the output of the \fBls\fP command with \fImore\fP(1).
        !            82: .sp 1
        !            83: .IP "\fBhelp\fP"
        !            84: .ns
        !            85: .IP "\fB?\fP"
        !            86: Prints a brief summary of commands.
        !            87: .sp 1
        !            88: .IP "\fBset\fP \fIkeyword\fP[=\fIvalue\fP]"
        !            89: This command is used to change state information that affects the lookups.
        !            90: Valid keywords are:
        !            91: .RS
        !            92: .IP "\fBall\fP"
        !            93: Prints the current values of the various options to \fBset\fP.
        !            94: Information about the  current default server and host is also printed.
        !            95: .IP "\fB[no]debug\fP"
        !            96: Turn debugging mode on. A lot more information is printed about the
        !            97: packet sent to the server and the resulting answer.
        !            98: .br
        !            99: (Default = nodebug, abbreviation = [no]deb)
        !           100: .IP "\fB[no]defname\fP"
        !           101: Append the default domain name to every lookup.
        !           102: .br
        !           103: (Default = nodefname, abbreviation = [no]def)
        !           104: .IP "\fBdomain=\fIname\fR"
        !           105: Change the default domain name to \fIname\fP. 
        !           106: The default domain name is appended to all lookup requests if 
        !           107: the \fBdefname\fP option has been set.
        !           108: .br
        !           109: (Default = value in /etc/resolv.conf, abbreviation = do)
        !           110: .IP "\fBquerytype=\fIvalue\fR"
        !           111: Change the type of information returned from a query to one of:
        !           112: .RS
        !           113: .IP A 10
        !           114: the host's Internet address (the default).
        !           115: .IP CNAME  10
        !           116: the canonical name for an alias. 
        !           117: .IP HINFO 10
        !           118: the host CPU and operating system type.
        !           119: .IP MD 10
        !           120: the mail destination.
        !           121: .IP MX 10
        !           122: the mail exchanger.
        !           123: .IP MG     10
        !           124: the mail group member.
        !           125: .IP MINFO 10
        !           126: the mailbox or mail list information.
        !           127: .IP MR     10
        !           128: the mail rename domain name.
        !           129: .RE
        !           130: Other types specified in the RFC883 document are valid but aren't
        !           131: very useful.
        !           132: .br
        !           133: (Abbreviation = q)
        !           134: .IP "\fB[no]recurse\fP"
        !           135: Tell the name server to query other servers if it does not have the
        !           136: information.
        !           137: .br
        !           138: (Default = recurse, abbreviation = [no]rec)
        !           139: .IP \fBretry=\fInumber\fR
        !           140: Set the number of retries to \fInumber\fP. 
        !           141: When a reply to a request is not received within a certain 
        !           142: amount of time (changed with \fBset timeout\fP), 
        !           143: the request is resent. 
        !           144: The retry value controls how many times a request is resent before giving up.
        !           145: .br
        !           146: (Default = 2, abbreviation = ret)
        !           147: .IP \fBroot=\fIhost\fR
        !           148: Change the name of the root server to \fIhost\fP. This
        !           149: affects the \fBroot\fP command. 
        !           150: .br
        !           151: (Default = sri-nic.arpa, abbreviation = ro)
        !           152: .IP \fBtimeout=\fInumber\fR
        !           153: Change the time-out interval for waiting for a reply to \fInumber\fP seconds.
        !           154: .br
        !           155: (Default = 10 seconds, abbreviation = t)
        !           156: .IP "\fB[no]vc\fP"
        !           157: Always use a virtual circuit when sending requests to the server.
        !           158: .br
        !           159: (Default = novc, abbreviation = [no]v)
        !           160: .RE
        !           161: .SH TUTORIAL
        !           162: The domain name space is tree-structured and currently has five top-level
        !           163: domains: 
        !           164: .IP \(bu 2
        !           165: COM (for commercial establishments), 
        !           166: .IP \(bu 2
        !           167: EDU (for educational institutions), 
        !           168: .IP \(bu 2
        !           169: GOV (for government agencies) and 
        !           170: .IP \(bu 2
        !           171: ORG (for not for profit orginizations)
        !           172: .IP \(bu 2
        !           173: MIL (for MILNET hosts).
        !           174: .PP
        !           175: If you are looking for a specific host, 
        !           176: you need to know something about the host's organization  
        !           177: in order to determine the top-level domain it belongs to.
        !           178: For instance, if you want to find the Internet address of a machine
        !           179: at UCLA, do the following:
        !           180: .IP a) 3
        !           181: Connect with the root server using the \fBroot\fP command.
        !           182: The root server of the name space has knowledge of the top-level domains.
        !           183: .IP b) 3
        !           184: Since UCLA is a university, its domain name is ucla.edu.
        !           185: Connect with a server for the ucla.edu domain with the 
        !           186: command \fBserver ucla.edu\fP.
        !           187: The response will print
        !           188: the names of hosts that act as servers for the domain ucla.edu.
        !           189: Note that the root server does not have information about ucla.edu
        !           190: but knows the names and addresses of hosts that do.
        !           191: All future queries will be sent to the UCLA name server.
        !           192: .IP c) 3
        !           193: To request information about a particular host in the domain (e.g. locus),
        !           194: just type the host name. 
        !           195: To request a listing of hosts in the UCLA domain, use the \fBls\fP command.
        !           196: The \fBls\fP command requires a domain name (in this case, ucla.edu) 
        !           197: as an argument.
        !           198: .PP
        !           199: Note that if you are connected with a name server that handles
        !           200: more than one domain, all lookups for host names must be fully specified 
        !           201: with its domain.
        !           202: For instance, the domain harvard.edu is served by seismo.css.gov, which
        !           203: also services the css.gov and cornell.edu domains. A lookup request
        !           204: for the host aiken in the harvard.edu domain must be specified as
        !           205: aiken.harvard.edu. 
        !           206: However, the \fBset domain=\fIname\fR and \fBset defname\fP
        !           207: commands can be used to automatically append a domain name to each request.
        !           208: .PP
        !           209: After a successful lookup of a host, use the \fBfinger\fP command to
        !           210: see who is on the system or to finger a specific person.
        !           211: To get other information about the host, use the \fBset querytype=\fIvalue\fR
        !           212: command to change the type of information desired and request another
        !           213: lookup. 
        !           214: (\fBFinger\fP requires the type to be A.)
        !           215: .SH DIAGNOSTICS
        !           216: If the lookup request was not successful, an error message is printed.
        !           217: Possible errors are:
        !           218: .IP "Time-out"
        !           219: The server did not respond to a request after a certain amount of
        !           220: time (changed with \fBset timeout=\fIvalue\fR) 
        !           221: and a certain number of retries (changed with \fBset retry=\fIvalue\fR).
        !           222: .IP "No information"
        !           223: Depending on the query type set with the \fBset querytype\fP command,
        !           224: no information about the host was available, though the host name is
        !           225: valid.
        !           226: .IP "Non-existent domain"
        !           227: The host or domain name does not exist.
        !           228: .IP "Connection refused"
        !           229: .ns
        !           230: .IP "Network is unreachable"
        !           231: The connection to the name or finger server could not be made 
        !           232: at the current time.
        !           233: This error commonly occurs with \fBfinger\fP requests. 
        !           234: .IP "Server failure"
        !           235: The name server found an internal inconsistency in its database
        !           236: and could not return a valid answer.
        !           237: .IP "Refused"
        !           238: The name server refused to service the request.
        !           239: .sp 1
        !           240: .PP
        !           241: The following error should not occur and it indicates a bug in the program.
        !           242: .IP "Format error"
        !           243: The name server found that the request packet was not in the proper format.
        !           244: .sp 1
        !           245: .SH FILES
        !           246: /etc/resolv.conf       initial domain name and name server addresses.
        !           247: .SH SEE ALSO
        !           248: resolver(3), resolver(5), named(8), RFC882, RFC883
        !           249: .SH AUTHOR
        !           250: Andrew Cherenson

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