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1.1 root 1: /*
2: * Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California.
3: * All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement
4: * specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
5: */
6:
7: #ifndef lint
8: static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ttext1.c 5.1 (Berkeley) 5/29/85";
9: #endif not lint
10:
11: #include "back.h"
12:
13: char *opts = " QIMRHEDSPT";
14: char *prompt = "-->";
15:
16: char *list[] = {
17: "\n\n\tI\tIntroduction to Backgammon",
18: "\tM\tMoves and Points",
19: "\tR\tRemoving Men from the Board",
20: "\tH\tHitting Blots",
21: "\tE\tEnding the Game and Scoring",
22: "\tD\tDoubling",
23: "\tS\tStrategy",
24: "\tP\tThe Program and How to Use It",
25: "\nalso, you can type:",
26: "\t?\tto get this list",
27: "\tQ\tto go start playing",
28: "\tT\tto go straight to the tutorial",
29: 0
30: };
31:
32: char *hello[] = {
33: "\n\032 These rules consist of text describing how to play Backgammon",
34: "followed by a tutorial session where you play a practice game",
35: "against the computer. When using this program, think carefuly",
36: "before typing, since it reacts as soon as you type something. In",
37: "addition, the program presents text output, such as these rules,",
38: "in small blocks that will not roll off the top of the screen.",
39: "Frequently, you will see the characters '-->' indicating that the",
40: "program is waiting for you to finish reading, and will continue",
41: "printing when you type a space or newline. Also, the rules are",
42: "divided into sections, and although you should read them in or-",
43: "der, you can go directly to any of them by typing one of the fol-",
44: "lowing letters:",
45: "(Remember to hit a space or a newline to continue.)",
46: "",
47: 0
48: };
49:
50: char *intro1[] = {
51: "\nIntroduction:",
52: "\n Backgammon is a game involving the skill of two players and",
53: "the luck of two dice. There are two players, red and white, and",
54: "each player gets fifteen men. The object of the game is to re-",
55: "move all your men from the board before the opponent does. The",
56: "board consists of twenty-four positions, a 'bar' and a 'home' for",
57: "each player. It looks like this:",
58: "",
59: 0};
60:
61: char *intro2[] = {
62: "",
63: "\n Although not indicated on the board, the players' homes are",
64: "located just to the right of the board. A player's men are placed",
65: "there when they are removed from the board. The board you just",
66: "saw was in it's initial position. All games start with the board",
67: "looking like this. Notice that red's pieces are represented by the",
68: "letter 'r' and white's pieces are represented by the letter 'w'.",
69: "Also, a position may have zero or more pieces on it, e.g. posi-",
70: "tion 12 has five red pieces on it, while position 11 does not",
71: "have any pieces of either color.",
72: "",
73: 0};
74:
75: char *moves[] = {
76: "\nMoves and Points:",
77: "\n Moves are made along the positions on the board according to",
78: "their numbers. Red moves in the positive direction (clockwise",
79: "from 1 to 24), and white moves in the negative direction (coun-",
80: "terclockwise from 24 to 1).",
81: "\n A turn consists of rolling the dice, and moving the number of",
82: "positions indicated on each die. The two numbers can be used to",
83: "move one man the sum of the two rolls, or two men the number on",
84: "each individual die. For example, if red rolled 6 3 at the start",
85: "of the game, he might move a man from 1 to 7 to 10, using both",
86: "dice for one man, or he might move two men from position 12, one",
87: "to 15 and one to 18. (Red did not have to choose two men start-",
88: "ing from the same position.) In addition, doubles are treated",
89: "specially in backgammon. When a player rolls doubles, he gets to",
90: "move as if he had four dice instead of two. For instance, if you",
91: "rolled double 2's, you could move one man eight positions, four",
92: "men two positions each, or any permutation in between.",
93: "",
94: "\n However, there are certain limitations, called 'points.' A",
95: "player has a point when he has two or more men on the same posi-",
96: "tion. This gives him custody of that position, and his opponent",
97: "cannot place his men there, even if passing through on the way to",
98: "another position. When a player has six points in a row, it is",
99: "called a 'wall,' since any of his opponent's men behind the wall",
100: "cannot pass it and are trapped, at least for the moment. Notice",
101: "that this could mean that a player could not use part or all of",
102: "his roll. However, he must use as much of his roll as possible.",
103: "",
104: 0};
105:
106: char *remove[] = {
107: "\nRemoving Men from the Board:",
108: "\n The most important part of the game is removing men, since",
109: "that is how you win the game. Once a man is removed, he stays",
110: "off the board for the duration of the game. However, a player",
111: "cannot remove men until all his men are on his 'inner table,' or",
112: "the last six positions of the board (19-24 for red, 6-1 for",
113: "white).",
114: "\n To get off the board, a player must roll the exact number to",
115: "get his man one position past the last position on the board, or",
116: "his 'home.' Hence, if red wanted to remove a man from position",
117: "23, he would have to roll a 2, anything else would be used for",
118: "another man, or for another purpose. However, there is one ex-",
119: "ception. If the player rolling has no men far enough to move the",
120: "roll made, he may move his farthest man off the board. For exam-",
121: "ple, if red's farthest man back was on position 21, he could re-",
122: "move men from that position if he rolled a 5 or a 6, as well as a",
123: "4. Since he does not have men on 20 (where he could use a 5) or",
124: "on 19 (where he could use a 6), he can use these rolls for posi-",
125: "tion 21. A player never has to remove men, but he must make as",
126: "many moves as possible.",
127: "",
128: 0};
129:
130: char *hits[] = {
131: "\nHitting Blots:",
132: "\n Although two men on a position form an impenetrable point, a",
133: "lone man is not so secure. Such a man is called a 'blot' and has",
134: "the potential of getting hit by an opposing man. When a player's",
135: "blot is hit, he is placed on the bar, and the first thing that",
136: "player must do is move the man off the bar. Such moves are",
137: "counted as if the bar is one position behind the first position",
138: "on the board. Thus if red has a man on the bar and rolls 2 3, he",
139: "must move the man on the bar to position 2 or 3 before moving any",
140: "other man. If white had points on positions 2 and 3, then red",
141: "would forfeit his turn. Being on the bar is a very bad position,",
142: "for often a player can lose many turns trying to move off the",
143: "bar, as well as being set back the full distance of the board.",
144: "",
145: 0};
146:
147: char *endgame[] = {
148: "\nEnding the Game and Scoring:",
149: "\n Winning a game usually wins one point, the normal value of a",
150: "game. However, if the losing player has not removed any men yet,",
151: "then the winning player wins double the game value, called a",
152: "'gammon.' If the losing player has a player on the bar or on the",
153: "winner's inner table, then the winner gets triple the game value,",
154: "which is called a 'backgammon.' (So that's where the name comes",
155: "from!)",
156: "",
157: 0};
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