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Annotation of 43BSDReno/bin/dd/dd.1, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
        !             2: .\" All rights reserved.
        !             3: .\"
        !             4: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
        !             5: .\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
        !             6: .\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
        !             7: .\" acknowledgement:  ``This product includes software developed by the
        !             8: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
        !             9: .\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in
        !            10: .\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
        !            11: .\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
        !            12: .\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
        !            13: .\" specific prior written permission.
        !            14: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
        !            15: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
        !            16: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
        !            17: .\"
        !            18: .\"     @(#)dd.1       6.3 (Berkeley) 7/24/90
        !            19: .\"
        !            20: .Dd July 24, 1990
        !            21: .Dt DD 1
        !            22: .Os BSD 4.4
        !            23: .Sh NAME
        !            24: .Nm dd
        !            25: .Nd Convert and copy a file.
        !            26: .Sh SYNOPSIS
        !            27: .Nm dd
        !            28: .Op options \&...
        !            29: .Sh DESCRIPTION
        !            30: The
        !            31: .Nm
        !            32: utility copies the specified input file to the specified
        !            33: output with possible conversions.
        !            34: .Pp
        !            35: The following options are available:
        !            36: .Tw Fl
        !            37: .Tc Ic if=
        !            38: .Ar file
        !            39: .Cx
        !            40: Input pathname; standard input is
        !            41: default.
        !            42: .Tc Ic of=
        !            43: .Ar file
        !            44: .Cx
        !            45: Output pathname; standard output is
        !            46: default.
        !            47: .Tc Ic ibs=
        !            48: .Ar n
        !            49: .Cx
        !            50: Input block size
        !            51: .Va n
        !            52: bytes (default is
        !            53: 512 bytes).
        !            54: .Tc Ic obs=
        !            55: .Ar n
        !            56: .Cx
        !            57: Output block size (default is 512 bytes).
        !            58: .Tc Ic bs=
        !            59: .Ar n
        !            60: .Cx
        !            61: Set both input and output block size,
        !            62: superseding
        !            63: .Ic ibs
        !            64: and
        !            65: .Ic obs .
        !            66: .Tc Ic cbs=
        !            67: .Ar n
        !            68: .Cx
        !            69: Conversion buffer size
        !            70: .Tc Ic skip=
        !            71: .Ar n
        !            72: .Cx
        !            73: Skip
        !            74: .Va n
        !            75: input blocks (each block is the
        !            76: size of
        !            77: .Ic ibs )
        !            78: before starting copy.
        !            79: .Tc Ic seek=
        !            80: .Ar n
        !            81: .Cx
        !            82: Seek n blocks (each block is the size of
        !            83: obs) from beginning of output file before
        !            84: copying.
        !            85: .Tc Ic count=
        !            86: .Ar n
        !            87: .Cx
        !            88: Copy only
        !            89: .Va n
        !            90: input blocks.
        !            91: .Tc Ic conv=
        !            92: .Ar value
        !            93: .Oo
        !            94: .Op \&, Ar value \&...
        !            95: .Cx
        !            96: .Oo
        !            97: Where values are comma-separated symbols
        !            98: from the following list.
        !            99: .Tw Fl
        !           100: .Tp Ic block
        !           101: Convert variable length records to fixed
        !           102: length.
        !           103: Read characters into the
        !           104: .Ic cbs
        !           105: buffer, delete a trailing <newline>, and
        !           106: pad to the length of the
        !           107: .Ic cbs
        !           108: buffer with
        !           109: <space>s.
        !           110: .Ic block
        !           111: and
        !           112: .Ic unblock
        !           113: are mutually
        !           114: exclusive.
        !           115: .Tp Ic unblock
        !           116: Convert fixed length records to variable
        !           117: length.
        !           118: Read a number of characters
        !           119: equal to the size of the
        !           120: .Ic cbs
        !           121: buffer,
        !           122: delete all trailing <blank>s, and append
        !           123: a <newline>.
        !           124: .Tp Ic lcase
        !           125: Map characters in the alpha character
        !           126: classification from class upper to the
        !           127: corresponding value in class lower.
        !           128: .Ic lcase
        !           129: and
        !           130: .Ic ucase
        !           131: are mutually exclusive.
        !           132: .Tp Ic ucase
        !           133: Map characters in the alpha character
        !           134: classification from class lower to the
        !           135: corresponding value in class upper.
        !           136: .Tp Ic swab
        !           137: Swap every pair of bytes
        !           138: .Tp Ic noerror
        !           139: Do not stop processing on an error.
        !           140: .Tp Ic sync
        !           141: Pad every input block to the size of
        !           142: .Ic ibs
        !           143: buffer, appending <space> characters.
        !           144: .Tp
        !           145: .Tp
        !           146: .Pp
        !           147: Where sizes are specified, a decimal number of bytes is
        !           148: expected.
        !           149: A size can end with
        !           150: .Cm k
        !           151: or
        !           152: .Cm b
        !           153: to specify multiplication
        !           154: by 1024 or 512, respectively.
        !           155: A pair of sizes can be
        !           156: separated by
        !           157: .Cm x
        !           158: to indicate a product.
        !           159: .Pp
        !           160: If the option
        !           161: .Ic if=
        !           162: is not specified, the standard input is used.
        !           163: .Pp
        !           164: The input files can be any file type and
        !           165: on completion,
        !           166: .Nm
        !           167: writes the number of input and output
        !           168: blocks, full and partial counts, to the standard error.
        !           169: .Pp
        !           170: A partial block may be caused by a read or write operation
        !           171: transferring less than
        !           172: .Ic ibs
        !           173: bytes.
        !           174: Only bytes read
        !           175: have conversions, as specified by the options, applied to
        !           176: them.
        !           177: .Pp
        !           178: For
        !           179: .Li SIGINT ,
        !           180: the
        !           181: .Nm
        !           182: utility writes status information to
        !           183: standard error before exiting.
        !           184: It takes the default action
        !           185: for all other signals.
        !           186: .Pp
        !           187: The
        !           188: .Nm
        !           189: utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
        !           190: .Pp
        !           191: If an error is detected, and the noerror option has not
        !           192: been supplied, the cause is reported and the
        !           193: .Nm
        !           194: utility
        !           195: aborts the copy of the file.
        !           196: .Sh SEE ALSO
        !           197: .Xr tr 1
        !           198: .Sh STANDARDS
        !           199: The
        !           200: .Nm
        !           201: function is expected to be POSIX 1003.2 compatible.

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