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Annotation of 43BSDReno/contrib/isode-beta/doc/cookbook/static.tex, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: % -*- LaTeX -*-                (really SLiTeX)
        !             2: 
        !             3: \begin{bwslide}
        !             4: \part  {STATIC FACILITIES}\bf
        !             5: 
        !             6: \begin{nrtc}
        !             7: \item  REMOTE OPERATIONS SPECIFICATION
        !             8: 
        !             9: \item  STUB GENERATOR
        !            10: 
        !            11: \item  STRUCTURE GENERATOR
        !            12: 
        !            13: \item  ELEMENT PARSER
        !            14: \end{nrtc}
        !            15: \end{bwslide}
        !            16: 
        !            17: 
        !            18: \begin{note}\em
        !            19: this part of the presentation corresponds to part~iii of The Applications
        !            20: Cookbook
        !            21: 
        !            22: note that some of the facilities described herein are also useful for services
        !            23: which aren't ROS-based, e.g., ODIF
        !            24: \end{note}
        !            25: 
        !            26: 
        !            27: \begin{bwslide}
        !            28: \ctitle        {STATIC FACILITIES\\ OVERVIEW}
        !            29: 
        !            30: \vskip.15in
        !            31: \diagram[p]{figure9}
        !            32: \end{bwslide}
        !            33: 
        !            34: 
        !            35: \begin{bwslide}
        !            36: \part* {REMOTE OPERATIONS SPECIFICATION}\bf
        !            37: 
        !            38: \begin{nrtc}
        !            39: \item  A ``TYPICAL'' STANDARD FOR AN APPLICATION CONTAINS:
        !            40:     \begin{nrtc}
        !            41:     \item      A SERVICE DEFINITION, AND
        !            42: 
        !            43:     \item      A PROTOCOL SPECIFICATION
        !            44:     \end{nrtc}
        !            45: 
        !            46: \item  THE PROTOCOL SPECIFICATION CONTAINS A FORMAL DESCRIPTION OF THE REMOTE
        !            47: OPERATIONS USED BY THE APPLICATION
        !            48: \end{nrtc}
        !            49: \end{bwslide}
        !            50: 
        !            51: 
        !            52: \begin{bwslide}
        !            53: \ctitle        {EXAMPLE:\\ NETWORK MANAGEMENT}
        !            54: 
        !            55: \begin{nrtc}
        !            56: \item  {}[ISO~9596/2] DEFINES A ``COMMON MANAGEMENT INFORMATION PROTOCOL''
        !            57:        USED FOR NETWORK MANAGEMENT
        !            58:     \begin{nrtc}
        !            59:     \item      NOTE THAT CMIP IS NOT A ``DONE DEAL''
        !            60:     \end{nrtc}
        !            61: 
        !            62: \item  IT CONTAINS INFORMATION FOR BINDING AND OPERATIONS
        !            63: 
        !            64: \item  WE'LL LOOK AT A PORTION OF THE FORMAL DESCRIPTION
        !            65: \end{nrtc}
        !            66: \end{bwslide}
        !            67: 
        !            68: 
        !            69: \begin{bwslide}
        !            70: \ctitle        {BINDING}\small
        !            71: 
        !            72: \vskip.15in
        !            73: \begin{tgrind}
        !            74: \let\linebox=\relax
        !            75: \input figure11\relax
        !            76: \end{tgrind}
        !            77: \end{bwslide}
        !            78: 
        !            79: 
        !            80: \begin{bwslide}
        !            81: \ctitle        {OPERATIONS}\small
        !            82: 
        !            83: \vskip.15in
        !            84: \begin{tgrind}
        !            85: \let\linebox=\relax
        !            86: \input figure12\relax
        !            87: \end{tgrind}
        !            88: \end{bwslide}
        !            89: 
        !            90: 
        !            91: \begin{bwslide}
        !            92: \ctitle        {OPERATIONS (cont.)}\small
        !            93: 
        !            94: \vskip.15in
        !            95: \begin{tgrind}
        !            96: \let\linebox=\relax
        !            97: \input figure13\relax
        !            98: \end{tgrind}
        !            99: \end{bwslide}
        !           100: 
        !           101: 
        !           102: \begin{bwslide}
        !           103: \ctitle        {ERRORS}\small
        !           104: 
        !           105: \vskip.15in
        !           106: \begin{tgrind}
        !           107: \let\linebox=\relax
        !           108: \input figure14\relax
        !           109: \end{tgrind}
        !           110: \end{bwslide}
        !           111: 
        !           112: 
        !           113: \begin{bwslide}
        !           114: \part* {STUB GENERATOR}\bf
        !           115: 
        !           116: \begin{nrtc}
        !           117: \item  WHAT WE WOULD LIKE: MAGIC!
        !           118: 
        !           119: \item  WHAT WE REALLY GET: HARD WORK.
        !           120: \end{nrtc}
        !           121: \end{bwslide}
        !           122: 
        !           123: 
        !           124: \begin{bwslide}
        !           125: \ctitle        {CONCEPT: STUBS}
        !           126: 
        !           127: \begin{nrtc}
        !           128: \item  A PROCEDURE WHICH IS CALLED LOCALLY BUT EXECUTES REMOTELY
        !           129: 
        !           130: \item  IN OUR CONTEXT, A SYNCHRONOUS STUB:
        !           131:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           132:     \item      INVOKES THE OPERATION
        !           133: 
        !           134:     \item      AWAITS A RESPONSE
        !           135: 
        !           136:     \item      RETURNS A RESULT OR ERROR
        !           137:     \end{nrtc}
        !           138: 
        !           139: \item  AN ASYNCHRONOUS STUB:
        !           140:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           141:     \item      INVOKES THE OPERATION, AND EVENTUALLY
        !           142: 
        !           143:     \item      DISPATCHES A RESULT OR ERROR HANDLER
        !           144:     \end{nrtc}
        !           145: 
        !           146: \item  WHAT TO DO ABOUT REJECTIONS, NETWORK PROBLEMS, ETC?
        !           147: \end{nrtc}
        !           148: \end{bwslide}
        !           149: 
        !           150: 
        !           151: \begin{bwslide}
        !           152: \ctitle        {ROSY}
        !           153: 
        !           154: \begin{nrtc}
        !           155: \item  REMOTE OPERATIONS STUB-GENERATOR (YACC-BASED)
        !           156: 
        !           157: \item  INPUT:
        !           158:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           159:     \item      A RO SPEC
        !           160:     \end{nrtc}
        !           161: 
        !           162: \item  OUTPUT:
        !           163:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           164:     \item      AN ASN.1 SPEC
        !           165: 
        !           166:     \item      STUB DEFINITIONS FOR C
        !           167: 
        !           168:     \item      C DATA STRUCTURES FOR RUN-TIME ENVIRONMENT
        !           169: 
        !           170:     \item      STUB DEFINITIONS FOR LINT
        !           171:     \end{nrtc}
        !           172: \end{nrtc}
        !           173: \end{bwslide}
        !           174: 
        !           175: 
        !           176: \begin{bwslide}
        !           177: \ctitle        {EXAMPLE:\\ NETWORK MANAGEMENT}\small
        !           178: 
        !           179: \vskip.15in
        !           180: \begin{verbatim}
        !           181: % rosy cmip.ry
        !           182: rosy 3.2 #17 (gonzo) of Fri Jan  8 13:42:05 PST 1988
        !           183: CMIP operations: m-EventReport m-ConfirmedEventReport m-LinkedReply
        !           184:      m-Confirmed-Get m-Set m-ConfirmedSet m-Action m-ConfirmedAction
        !           185: 
        !           186: CMIP errors: noSuchObject accessDenied syncNotSupported invalidFilter
        !           187:      noSuchMgmtInfoId invalidMgmtInfoValue getListError setListError
        !           188:      noSuchAction processingFailure noSuchEventType
        !           189: 
        !           190: CMIP types: EventReportArgument EventReportResult LinkedReplyArgument
        !           191:      GetArgument GetResult SetArgument SetResult ActionArgument ActionResult
        !           192:      NoSuchObject SyncNotSupported InvalidFilter NoSuchMgmtInfoId
        !           193:      InvalidMgmtInfoValue GetListError MISGetInfoStatus MgmtInfoIdError
        !           194:      SetListError MISSetInfoStatus MgmtInfoError ErrorStatus NoSuchAction
        !           195:      ProcessingFailure NoSuchEventType ObjectClass ObjectInstance CMISSync
        !           196:      CMISFilter FilterItem AccessControl EventTypeId EventInfo MgmtInfo
        !           197:      MgmtInfoId MgmtInfoValue ActionTypeId ActionInfo SpecificErrorInfo
        !           198: \end{verbatim}
        !           199: \end{bwslide}
        !           200: 
        !           201: 
        !           202: \begin{bwslide}
        !           203: \ctitle        {EXAMPLE:\\ STUB DEFINITIONS FOR C}\small
        !           204: 
        !           205: \vskip.15in
        !           206: \begin{verbatim}
        !           207: #define operation_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport  1
        !           208: 
        !           209: #define stub_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport(sd,id,in,rfx,efx,class,roi) \
        !           210: RyStub ((sd), table_CMIP_Operations, \
        !           211:         operation_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport, (id), \
        !           212:         (caddr_t) (in), (rfx), (efx), (class), (roi))
        !           213: 
        !           214: #define op_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport(sd,in,out,rsp,roi) \
        !           215: RyOperation ((sd), table_CMIP_Operations, \
        !           216:         operation_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport, \
        !           217:         (caddr_t) (in), (out), (rsp), (roi))
        !           218: 
        !           219: #define error_CMIP_noSuchObject 1
        !           220: \end{verbatim}
        !           221: \end{bwslide}
        !           222: 
        !           223: 
        !           224: \begin{bwslide}
        !           225: \ctitle        {EXAMPLE:\\ C DATA STRUCTURES FOR\\ RUN-TIME ENVIRONMENT}\small
        !           226: 
        !           227: \vskip.15in
        !           228: \begin{verbatim}
        !           229: struct RyOperation table_CMIP_Operations[] = {
        !           230:     ...
        !           231: 
        !           232:                                         /* OPERATION m-ConfirmedEventReport */
        !           233:     "m-ConfirmedEventReport", operation_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport,
        !           234:         encode_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport_argument,
        !           235:         decode_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport_argument,
        !           236:         1, encode_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport_result,
        !           237:            decode_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport_result,
        !           238:            free_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport_result,
        !           239:         errors_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport,
        !           240: 
        !           241:     ...
        !           242: 
        !           243:     NULL
        !           244: };
        !           245: \end{verbatim}
        !           246: \end{bwslide}
        !           247: 
        !           248: 
        !           249: \begin{bwslide}
        !           250: \ctitle        {EXAMPLE:\\ C DATA STRUCTURES FOR\\ RUN-TIME ENVIRONMENT\\ (cont.)}
        !           251: \small
        !           252: 
        !           253: \vskip.15in
        !           254: \begin{verbatim}
        !           255: static struct RyError *errors_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport[] = {
        !           256:     &table_CMIP_Errors[0],
        !           257:     &table_CMIP_Errors[10],
        !           258:     &table_CMIP_Errors[1],
        !           259:     &table_CMIP_Errors[4],
        !           260:     &table_CMIP_Errors[5]
        !           261: };
        !           262: \end{verbatim}
        !           263: \end{bwslide}
        !           264: 
        !           265: 
        !           266: \begin{bwslide}
        !           267: \ctitle        {EXAMPLE:\\ C DATA STRUCTURES FOR\\ RUN-TIME ENVIRONMENT\\ (cont.)}
        !           268: \small
        !           269: 
        !           270: \vskip.15in
        !           271: \begin{verbatim}
        !           272: struct RyError table_CMIP_Errors[] = {
        !           273:                                         /* ERROR noSuchObject */
        !           274:     "noSuchObject", error_CMIP_noSuchObject,
        !           275:         encode_CMIP_noSuchObject_parameter,
        !           276:         decode_CMIP_noSuchObject_parameter,
        !           277:         free_CMIP_noSuchObject_parameter,
        !           278: 
        !           279:     ...
        !           280: 
        !           281:     NULL
        !           282: };
        !           283: \end{verbatim}
        !           284: \end{bwslide}
        !           285: 
        !           286: 
        !           287: \begin{bwslide}
        !           288: \ctitle        {EXAMPLE:\\ STUB DEFINITIONS FOR LINT}\small
        !           289: 
        !           290: \vskip.15in
        !           291: \begin{verbatim}
        !           292: int     stub_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport (sd, id, in, rfx, efx, class, roi)
        !           293: int     sd,
        !           294:         id,
        !           295:         class;
        !           296: struct type_CMIP_EventReportArgument* in;
        !           297: IFP     rfx,
        !           298:         efx;
        !           299: struct RoSAPindication *roi;
        !           300: {
        !           301:     return RyStub (sd, table_CMIP_Operations,
        !           302:                 operation_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport, id,
        !           303:                 (caddr_t) in, rfx, efx, class, roi);
        !           304: }
        !           305: \end{verbatim}
        !           306: \end{bwslide}
        !           307: 
        !           308: \begin{bwslide}
        !           309: \ctitle        {EXAMPLE:\\ STUB DEFINITIONS FOR LINT (cont.)}\small
        !           310: 
        !           311: \vskip.15in
        !           312: \begin{verbatim}
        !           313: int     op_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport (sd, in, out, rsp, roi)
        !           314: int     sd;
        !           315: struct type_CMIP_EventReportArgument* in;
        !           316: caddr_t *out;
        !           317: int    *rsp;
        !           318: struct RoSAPindication *roi;
        !           319: {
        !           320:     return RyOperation (sd, table_CMIP_Operations,
        !           321:                 operation_CMIP_m__ConfirmedEventReport,
        !           322:                 (caddr_t) in, out, rsp, roi);
        !           323: }
        !           324: \end{verbatim}
        !           325: \end{bwslide}
        !           326: 
        !           327: \begin{bwslide}
        !           328: \ctitle        {ROSY LIMITATIONS}
        !           329: 
        !           330: \begin{nrtc}
        !           331: \item  SOMEWHAT LIMITED IN THE FRONT-END, CURRENTLY DOESN'T RECOGNIZE
        !           332:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           333:     \item      \verb"BIND" AND \verb"UNBIND" MACROS
        !           334: 
        !           335:     \item      \verb"OBJECT IDENTIFIER" NOTATION FOR OPERATION CODES
        !           336:     \end{nrtc}
        !           337: 
        !           338: \item  IGNORES THE \verb"LINKED" CLAUSE IN OPERATIONS
        !           339: \end{nrtc}
        !           340: \end{bwslide}
        !           341: 
        !           342: 
        !           343: \begin{bwslide}
        !           344: \part* {STRUCTURE GENERATOR}\bf
        !           345: 
        !           346: \begin{nrtc}
        !           347: \item  WHAT WE WOULD LIKE: MAGIC!
        !           348: 
        !           349: \item  WHAT WE REALLY GET: HARD WORK.
        !           350: \end{nrtc}
        !           351: \end{bwslide}
        !           352: 
        !           353: 
        !           354: \begin{bwslide}
        !           355: \ctitle        {SERIALIZING DATA STRUCTURES}
        !           356: 
        !           357: \begin{nrtc}
        !           358: \item  {}[ISO~8825] (ASN.1 ENCODING)
        !           359:        SAYS HOW TO MAP THE ABSTRACT SYNTAX TO THE CONCRETE SYNTAX
        !           360: 
        !           361: \item  HOW TO MAP DATA STRUCTURES TO THE ABSTRACT SYNTAX?
        !           362:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           363:     \item      \verb"struct { ... }" $\rightarrow$ \verb"EventReportArgument"
        !           364:     \end{nrtc}
        !           365: \end{nrtc}
        !           366: \end{bwslide}
        !           367: 
        !           368: 
        !           369: \begin{bwslide}
        !           370: \ctitle        {A SOLUTION}
        !           371: 
        !           372: \begin{nrtc}
        !           373: \item  GENERATE C STRUCTURES DIRECTLY FROM ABSTRACT SYNTAX
        !           374: 
        !           375: \item  GENERATE TRANSLATOR TO DO THE MAPPING
        !           376: \end{nrtc}
        !           377: \end{bwslide}
        !           378: 
        !           379: 
        !           380: \begin{bwslide}
        !           381: \ctitle        {SIMPLE TYPES}
        !           382: 
        !           383: \begin{nrtc}
        !           384: \item  \verb"BOOLEAN" $\rightarrow$ \verb"char"
        !           385: 
        !           386: \item  \verb"INTEGER" $\rightarrow$ \verb"int"
        !           387: \end{nrtc}
        !           388: \end{bwslide}
        !           389: 
        !           390: 
        !           391: \begin{bwslide}
        !           392: \ctitle        {SIMPLE TYPES (cont.)}
        !           393: 
        !           394: \begin{nrtc}
        !           395: \item  FOR RANGE-LIMITED INTEGERs,
        !           396: \begin{verbatim}
        !           397: ErrorStatus ::=
        !           398:         INTEGER {
        !           399:             accessDenied(2),
        !           400:             noSuchMgmtInfoId(5),
        !           401:             invalidMgmtInfoValue(7)
        !           402:         }
        !           403: \end{verbatim}
        !           404: 
        !           405: SYMBOLIC VALUES ARE DEFINED AS WELL
        !           406: \begin{verbatim}
        !           407: struct type_CMIP_ErrorStatus {
        !           408:     int     parm;
        !           409: #define        int_CMIP_ErrorStatus_accessDenied 2
        !           410: #define        int_CMIP_ErrorStatus_noSuchMgmtInfoId 5
        !           411: #define        int_CMIP_ErrorStatus_invalidMgmtInfoValue 7
        !           412: };
        !           413: \end{verbatim}
        !           414: \end{nrtc}
        !           415: \end{bwslide}
        !           416: 
        !           417: 
        !           418: \begin{bwslide}
        !           419: \ctitle        {SIMPLE TYPES (cont.)}
        !           420: 
        !           421: \begin{nrtc}
        !           422: \item  \verb"BIT STRING" $\rightarrow$ \verb"struct PElement"
        !           423: \begin{verbatim}
        !           424: BIT STRING {
        !           425:     eventReportInvoker(0),
        !           426:     ...
        !           427: 
        !           428: #define        bit_CMIP_FunctionalUnits_eventReportInvoker 0
        !           429: #define        bits_CMIP_FunctionalUnits \
        !           430:         "\020\01eventReportInvoker..."
        !           431: \end{verbatim}
        !           432: 
        !           433: \item  \verb"OCTET STRING" $\rightarrow$ \verb"struct qbuf"
        !           434: 
        !           435: \item  \verb"OBJECT IDENTIFIER" $\rightarrow$ \verb"struct OIDentifier"
        !           436: \end{nrtc}
        !           437: \end{bwslide}
        !           438: 
        !           439: 
        !           440: \begin{bwslide}
        !           441: \ctitle        {COMPLEX TYPES:\\ SEQUENCE OF}
        !           442: 
        !           443: \begin{nrtc}
        !           444: \item  A LINKED LIST
        !           445: \begin{verbatim}
        !           446: SEQUENCE OF
        !           447:     MgmtInfoId
        !           448: \end{verbatim}
        !           449: 
        !           450: WITH SOME GENERATED NAMES
        !           451: \begin{verbatim}
        !           452: struct element_CMIP_0 {
        !           453:     struct type_CMIP_MgmtInfoId *element_CMIP_1;
        !           454: 
        !           455:     struct element_CMIP_0 *next;
        !           456: } *element_CMIP_0;
        !           457: \end{verbatim}
        !           458: \end{nrtc}
        !           459: \end{bwslide}
        !           460: 
        !           461: 
        !           462: \begin{bwslide}
        !           463: \ctitle        {COMPLEX TYPES:\\ SEQUENCE}
        !           464: 
        !           465: \begin{nrtc}
        !           466: \item  A ``SIMPLE'' STRUCTURE
        !           467: \begin{verbatim}
        !           468: MgmtInfoIdError ::=
        !           469:         SEQUENCE {
        !           470:             errorStatus[0]
        !           471:                 IMPLICIT ErrorStatus,
        !           472: 
        !           473:             mgmtInfoId[1]
        !           474:                 MgmtInfoId
        !           475:         }
        !           476: \end{verbatim}
        !           477: 
        !           478: USING TAGS FOR NAMES, WHEN POSSIBLE
        !           479: \begin{verbatim}
        !           480: struct type_CMIP_MgmtInfoIdError {
        !           481:     struct type_CMIP_ErrorStatus *errorStatus;
        !           482: 
        !           483:     struct type_CMIP_MgmtInfoId *mgmtInfoId;
        !           484: };
        !           485: \end{verbatim}
        !           486: 
        !           487: \item  SETS ARE HANDLED ANALAGOUSLY
        !           488: \end{nrtc}
        !           489: \end{bwslide}
        !           490: 
        !           491: 
        !           492: \begin{bwslide}
        !           493: \ctitle        {COMPLEX TYPES:\\ CHOICE}
        !           494: 
        !           495: \begin{nrtc}
        !           496: \item  A STRUCTURE WITH A TAG AND A UNION
        !           497: \begin{verbatim}
        !           498: ObjectClass ::=
        !           499:         CHOICE {
        !           500:             globalForm[0]
        !           501:                 IMPLICIT OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
        !           502: 
        !           503:             nonSpecificForm[1]
        !           504:                 IMPLICIT OCTET STRING
        !           505:         }
        !           506: \end{verbatim}
        !           507: 
        !           508: e.g.,
        !           509: \begin{verbatim}
        !           510: struct type_CMIP_ObjectClass {
        !           511:     int     offset;
        !           512: #define type_CMIP_ObjectClass_globalForm 1
        !           513: #define type_CMIP_ObjectClass_nonSpecificForm 2
        !           514: 
        !           515:     union {
        !           516:         struct OIDentifier *globalForm;
        !           517:         struct qbuf *nonSpecificForm;
        !           518:     }       un;
        !           519: };
        !           520: \end{verbatim}
        !           521: \end{nrtc}
        !           522: \end{bwslide}
        !           523: 
        !           524: 
        !           525: \begin{bwslide}
        !           526: \ctitle        {DEFAULT/OPTIONAL}
        !           527: 
        !           528: \begin{nrtc}
        !           529: \item  A VERY SLICK FACILITY WOULD BE TO SUPPORT THE \verb"DEFAULT" AND
        !           530:        \verb"OPTIONAL" CLAUSES FOR COMPLEX TYPES
        !           531: 
        !           532: \item  BUT, IMPLEMENTATION IS PROBLEMATIC:
        !           533:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           534:     \item      NEED ASN.1 VALUE PARSING IN FRONT-END
        !           535: 
        !           536:     \item      NEED EXTENSIVE SYMBOL TABLE SEMANTICS IN BACK-END
        !           537:     \end{nrtc}
        !           538: 
        !           539: \item  SO, A SIMPLE APPROACH IS TAKEN
        !           540:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           541:     \item      SCALARS ARE HANDLED DIRECTLY:
        !           542:        \begin{nrtc}
        !           543:        \item   BOOLEANS, INTEGERS
        !           544:        \end{nrtc}
        !           545: 
        !           546:     \item      NON-SCALARS ARE EXAMINED FOR INEQUALITY TO \verb"NULL"
        !           547:     \end{nrtc}
        !           548: \end{nrtc}
        !           549: \end{bwslide}
        !           550: 
        !           551: 
        !           552: \begin{bwslide}
        !           553: \ctitle        {HEURISTICS}
        !           554: 
        !           555: \begin{nrtc}
        !           556: \item  FOR CONSTRUCTED TYPES, IF ONLY ONE MEMBER,\\ PULL IT UP
        !           557: \begin{verbatim}
        !           558: TestInfoIdError ::=
        !           559:         SEQUENCE {
        !           560:             errorStatus[0]
        !           561:                 IMPLICIT ErrorStatus
        !           562:         }
        !           563: \end{verbatim}
        !           564: \verb"TestInfoIdError" $\rightarrow$ \verb"struct type_CMIP_ErrorStatus"
        !           565: 
        !           566: \item  TRY TO USE TAGS WHENEVER POSSIBLE FOR STRUCTURE NAMES
        !           567: \end{nrtc}
        !           568: \end{bwslide}
        !           569: 
        !           570: 
        !           571: \begin{bwslide}
        !           572: \ctitle        {POSY}
        !           573: 
        !           574: \begin{nrtc}
        !           575: \item  PEPY OPTIONAL STRUCTURE-GENERATOR (YACC-BASED)
        !           576: 
        !           577: \item  INPUT:
        !           578:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           579:     \item      AN ASN.1 SPEC
        !           580:     \end{nrtc}
        !           581: 
        !           582: \item  OUTPUT:
        !           583:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           584:     \item      AN AUGMENTED ASN.1 SPEC
        !           585: 
        !           586:     \item      C STRUCTURE DEFINITIONS
        !           587: 
        !           588:     \item      ``FREE'' ROUTINES
        !           589:     \end{nrtc}
        !           590: \end{nrtc}
        !           591: \end{bwslide}
        !           592: 
        !           593: 
        !           594: \begin{bwslide}
        !           595: \ctitle        {EXAMPLE:\\ NETWORK MANAGEMENT}\small
        !           596: 
        !           597: \vskip.15in
        !           598: \begin{verbatim}
        !           599: % posy -f -h -o cmip-asn.py cmip.py
        !           600: posy 3.2 #15 (gonzo) of Fri Jan  8 12:03:11 PST 1988
        !           601: CMIP types: EventReportArgument EventReportResult LinkedReplyArgument
        !           602:      GetArgument GetResult SetArgument SetResult ActionArgument ActionResult
        !           603:      NoSuchObject SyncNotSupported InvalidFilter NoSuchMgmtInfoId
        !           604:      InvalidMgmtInfoValue GetListError MISGetInfoStatus MgmtInfoIdError
        !           605:      SetListError MISSetInfoStatus MgmtInfoError ErrorStatus NoSuchAction
        !           606:      ProcessingFailure NoSuchEventType ObjectClass ObjectInstance CMISSync
        !           607:      CMISFilter FilterItem AccessControl EventTypeId EventInfo MgmtInfo
        !           608:      MgmtInfoId MgmtInfoValue ActionTypeId ActionInfo SpecificErrorInfo
        !           609: \end{verbatim}
        !           610: \end{bwslide}
        !           611: 
        !           612: 
        !           613: \begin{bwslide}
        !           614: \ctitle        {EXAMPLE:\\ C STRUCTURE DEFINITIONS}\small
        !           615: 
        !           616: \vskip.15in
        !           617: \begin{verbatim}
        !           618: struct type_CMIP_EventReportArgument {
        !           619:     struct type_CMIP_ObjectClass *managedObjectClass;
        !           620: 
        !           621:     struct type_CMIP_ObjectInstance *managedObjectInstance;
        !           622: 
        !           623:     struct type_CMIP_EventTypeID *eventType;
        !           624: 
        !           625:     struct type_UNIV_GeneralizedTime *eventTime;
        !           626: 
        !           627:     struct type_CMIP_EventInfo *eventInfo;
        !           628: };
        !           629: 
        !           630: #define        type_CMIP_NoSuchObject  OIDentifier
        !           631: \end{verbatim}
        !           632: \end{bwslide}
        !           633: 
        !           634: 
        !           635: \begin{bwslide}
        !           636: \ctitle        {EXAMPLE:\\ ``FREE'' ROUTINES}\small
        !           637: 
        !           638: \vskip.15in
        !           639: \begin{verbatim}
        !           640: free_CMIP_EventReportArgument (arg)
        !           641: struct type_CMIP_EventReportArgument *arg;
        !           642: {
        !           643:     if (arg == NULL)
        !           644:         return;
        !           645: 
        !           646:     if (arg -> managedObjectClass)
        !           647:         free_CMIP_ObjectClass (arg -> managedObjectClass),
        !           648:             arg -> managedObjectClass = NULL;
        !           649: 
        !           650: ...
        !           651: 
        !           652:     if (arg)
        !           653:         free ((char *) arg);
        !           654: }
        !           655: 
        !           656: #define        free_CMIP_NoSuchObject  oid_free
        !           657: \end{verbatim}
        !           658: \end{bwslide}
        !           659: 
        !           660: 
        !           661: \begin{bwslide}
        !           662: \ctitle        {POSY LIMITATIONS}
        !           663: 
        !           664: \begin{nrtc}
        !           665: \item  STEMS FROM A LACK OF INTELLIGENCE WHEN DEALING WITH COMPLEX
        !           666:        ASN.1 VALUE NOTATION:
        !           667:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           668:     \item      USES ``NULL INEQUALITY'' RULE FOR \verb"OPTIONAL"
        !           669: 
        !           670:     \item      HANDLES \verb"DEFAULT" ONLY FOR SCALARS
        !           671:     \end{nrtc}
        !           672: \end{nrtc}
        !           673: \end{bwslide}
        !           674: 
        !           675: 
        !           676: \begin{bwslide}
        !           677: \part* {ELEMENT PARSER}\bf
        !           678: 
        !           679: \begin{nrtc}
        !           680: \item  WE NOW KNOW ABOUT
        !           681:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           682:     \item      DATA STRUCTURES\ \ \verb"struct { ... }"
        !           683: 
        !           684:     \item      ABSTRACT SYNTAX\ \ \verb"EventReportArgument"
        !           685: 
        !           686:     \item      CONCRETE SYNTAX\ \ \verb"1f8a ..."
        !           687:     \end{nrtc}
        !           688: 
        !           689: \item  THE \emph{PRESENTATION ELEMENT} TIES THESE TOGETHER
        !           690: \end{nrtc}
        !           691: \end{bwslide}
        !           692: 
        !           693: 
        !           694: \begin{bwslide}
        !           695: \ctitle        {PRESENTATION ELEMENTS}
        !           696: 
        !           697: \begin{nrtc}
        !           698: \item  AN INTERNAL FORM FOR AN INSTANCE OF A TYPE DESCRIBED BY ABSTRACT
        !           699:        SYNTAX
        !           700: 
        !           701: \item  CAN REPRESENT ANY ASN.1 TYPE AS EITHER
        !           702:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           703:     \item      A STRING OF OCTETS OR BITS
        !           704: 
        !           705:     \item      A LINKED-LIST OF PRESENTATION ELEMENTS
        !           706:     \end{nrtc}
        !           707: 
        !           708: \item  THE CONCEPUTAL MAPPING IS:
        !           709:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           710:     \item      \verb"struct { ... }" $\rightarrow$ \verb"EventReportArgument"
        !           711:     \end{nrtc}
        !           712: 
        !           713: \item  THE ACTUAL MAPPING IS:
        !           714:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           715:     \item      \verb"struct { ... }" $\rightarrow$ \verb"struct PElement"
        !           716:     \end{nrtc}
        !           717: \end{nrtc}
        !           718: \end{bwslide}
        !           719: 
        !           720: 
        !           721: \begin{bwslide}
        !           722: \ctitle        {PEPY}
        !           723: 
        !           724: \begin{nrtc}
        !           725: \item  PRESENTATION ELEMENT PARSER (YACC-BASED)
        !           726: 
        !           727: \item  INPUT:
        !           728:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           729:     \item      AN AUGMENTED ASN.1 SPEC
        !           730:     \end{nrtc}
        !           731: 
        !           732: \item  OUTPUT:
        !           733:     \begin{nrtc}
        !           734:     \item      AN ENCODER
        !           735: 
        !           736:     \item      A DECODER
        !           737: 
        !           738:     \item      A PRETTY-PRINTER
        !           739:     \end{nrtc}
        !           740: \end{nrtc}
        !           741: \end{bwslide}
        !           742: 
        !           743: 
        !           744: \begin{bwslide}
        !           745: \ctitle        {EXAMPLE:\\ NETWORK MANAGEMENT}\small
        !           746: 
        !           747: \vskip.15in
        !           748: \begin{verbatim}
        !           749: % pepy cmip-asn.py
        !           750: pepy 3.2 #15 (gonzo) of Fri Jan  8 12:03:11 PST 1988
        !           751: CMIP encode none none: EventReportArgument EventReportResult
        !           752:      LinkedReplyArgument GetArgument GetResult SetArgument SetResult
        !           753:      ActionArgument ActionResult NoSuchObject SyncNotSupported InvalidFilter
        !           754:      NoSuchMgmtInfoId InvalidMgmtInfoValue GetListError MISGetInfoStatus
        !           755:      MgmtInfoIdError SetListError MISSetInfoStatus MgmtInfoError ErrorStatus
        !           756:      NoSuchAction ProcessingFailure NoSuchEventType ObjectClass ObjectInstance
        !           757:      CMISSync CMISFilter FilterItem AccessControl EventTypeId EventInfo
        !           758:      MgmtInfo MgmtInfoId MgmtInfoValue ActionTypeId ActionInfo
        !           759:      SpecificErrorInfo
        !           760: 
        !           761: CMIP none decode none: EventReportArgument EventReportResult
        !           762:      LinkedReplyArgument GetArgument GetResult SetArgument SetResult
        !           763:      ActionArgument ActionResult NoSuchObject SyncNotSupported InvalidFilter
        !           764:      NoSuchMgmtInfoId InvalidMgmtInfoValue GetListError MISGetInfoStatus
        !           765:      MgmtInfoIdError SetListError MISSetInfoStatus MgmtInfoError ErrorStatus
        !           766:      NoSuchAction ProcessingFailure NoSuchEventType ObjectClass ObjectInstance
        !           767:      CMISSync CMISFilter FilterItem AccessControl EventTypeId EventInfo
        !           768:      MgmtInfo MgmtInfoId MgmtInfoValue ActionTypeId ActionInfo
        !           769:      SpecificErrorInfo
        !           770: \end{verbatim}
        !           771: \end{bwslide}
        !           772: 
        !           773: 
        !           774: \begin{bwslide}
        !           775: \ctitle        {STATIC FACILITIES:\\ REVIEW}
        !           776: 
        !           777: \vskip.15in
        !           778: \diagram[p]{figure9}
        !           779: \end{bwslide}

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