Return to a-apps.tex CVS log

Up to [CSRG BSD Unix] / 43BSDReno / contrib / isode-beta / doc / practical-osi1

Annotation of 43BSDReno/contrib/isode-beta/doc/practical-osi1/a-apps.tex, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: \begin{bwslide}
        !             2: \part  {APPLICATIONS}
        !             3: \end{bwslide}
        !             4: 
        !             5: 
        !             6: \begin{bwslide}
        !             7: \ctitle {APPLICATIONS}
        !             8: 
        !             9: \begin{nrtc}
        !            10: \item  AS AN EXAMPLE OF HOW ALL THE PARTS FIT TOGETHER,
        !            11:        WE WILL TAKE A QUICK LOOK AT:
        !            12:        \begin{nrtc}
        !            13:        \item   FILE TRANSFER, ACCESS AND MANAGEMENT (FTAM)
        !            14:        \item   MESSAGE HANDLING SYSTEMS (X.400)
        !            15:        \item   DIRECTORY SERVICES (X.500)
        !            16:        \item   NETWORK MANAGEMENT (CMISE)
        !            17:        \item   VIRTUAL TERMINAL (VT)
        !            18:        \end{nrtc}
        !            19: \item  AND THEN LOOK AT HOW APPLICATIONS ARE BUILT
        !            20: \end{nrtc}
        !            21: \end{bwslide}
        !            22: 
        !            23: 
        !            24: %\begin{bwslide}
        !            25: %\ctitle {APPLICATIONS (cont.)}
        !            26: %
        !            27: %\begin{nrtc}
        !            28: %\item FINALLY, WE WILL CONSIDER APPLICATION LAYER REQUIREMENTS FOR DEFINING
        !            29: %      A NEW SERVICE
        !            30: %\end{nrtc}
        !            31: %\end{bwslide}
        !            32: 
        !            33: 
        !            34: \begin{bwslide}
        !            35: \ctitle {FILE TRANSFER, ACCESS AND MANAGEMENT (FTAM)}
        !            36: 
        !            37: \vskip.5in
        !            38: \diagram[p]{figureA-19}
        !            39: \end{bwslide}
        !            40: 
        !            41: 
        !            42: \begin{bwslide}
        !            43: \ctitle {THE OSI FILE SERVICE --- FTAM}
        !            44: 
        !            45: \begin{nrtc}
        !            46: \item  NOT ``JUST'' FILE TRANSFER
        !            47: \item  BUILDING BLOCK FOR OSI:
        !            48:        \begin{nrtc}
        !            49:        \item   FILESTORE TO FILESTORE TRANSFER
        !            50:        \item   WORKSTATION FILE RETRIEVAL
        !            51:        \item   DISKLESS WORKSTATION PROTOCOL
        !            52:        \item   SPECIAL APPLICATIONS (e.g., PRINTING, SPOOLING)
        !            53:        \item   REMOTE FILE ACCESS
        !            54:        \end{nrtc}
        !            55: \end{nrtc}
        !            56: \end{bwslide}
        !            57: 
        !            58: 
        !            59: \begin{bwslide}
        !            60: \ctitle {FTAM PHILOSOPHY}
        !            61: 
        !            62: \begin{nrtc}
        !            63: \item  AS WITH ALL ``OPEN SYSTEM'' SERVICES
        !            64:        \begin{nrtc}
        !            65:        \item   DESCRIBES A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE VIRTUAL SERVICE
        !            66:        \item   SPECIFIES THE SERVICE AND THE PROTOCOL
        !            67:        \item   INDEPENDENT OF ACTUAL LOCAL SYSTEMS
        !            68:                \begin{nrtc}
        !            69:                \item   PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE BINDINGS ARE NOT SPECIFIED
        !            70:                \end{nrtc}
        !            71:        \end{nrtc}
        !            72: \item  THE FUNDAMENTAL ABSTRACTION:
        !            73:        \begin{nrtc}
        !            74:        \item   THE VIRTUAL FILESTORE
        !            75:        \end{nrtc}
        !            76: \item  PROVIDES A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF A FILE SERVICE ON A LOCAL SYSTEM (LOCALSTORE)
        !            77: \item  DIFFICULT TASK --- EXISTING FILE SERVICE ARE QUITE DIFFERENT
        !            78: \item  POTENTIALLY VERY REWARDING!
        !            79: \end{nrtc}
        !            80: \end{bwslide}
        !            81: 
        !            82: 
        !            83: %\begin{bwslide}
        !            84: %\ctitle {RELATIONSHIP OF THE VIRTUAL FILESTORE AND LOCALSTORE}
        !            85: %
        !            86: %diagram
        !            87: %\end{bwslide}
        !            88: 
        !            89: 
        !            90: \begin{bwslide}
        !            91: \ctitle {FTAM --- ELEMENTS}
        !            92: 
        !            93: \begin{nrtc}
        !            94: \item  A (VIRTUAL) FILESTORE IS A COLLECTION OF FILES
        !            95: \item  A FILENAME IDENTIFIES EXACTLY ONE FILE IN THE FILESTORE
        !            96: \item  THERE IS NO EXPLICIT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIFFERENT FILES IN THE FILESTORE
        !            97:        \begin{nrtc}
        !            98:        \item   i.e., NO DIRECTORY STRUCTURE
        !            99:        \end{nrtc}
        !           100: \item  FILES HAVE
        !           101:        \begin{nrtc}
        !           102:        \item   ATTRIBUTES (e.g., OWNERSHIP INFORMATION)
        !           103:        \item   CONTENTS (e.g., RANDOM--ACCESS RECORDS)
        !           104:        \end{nrtc}
        !           105: \end{nrtc}
        !           106: \end{bwslide}
        !           107: 
        !           108: 
        !           109: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           110: %\ctitle {FTAM ELEMENTS --- ATTRIBUTES}
        !           111: %
        !           112: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           113: %\item TWO KINDS OF ATTRIBUTES ARE DEFINED
        !           114: %\item FILE ATTRIBUTES, WHICH EXIST ON A PER-FILE BASIS
        !           115: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           116: %      \item   SIMULTANEOUS CLIENTS OF THE FILESTORE SEE THE SAME INFORMATION
        !           117: %      \item   e.g., THE NAME OF THE FILE
        !           118: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           119: %\item ACTIVITY ATTRIBUTES, WHICH EXIST ON A PER-CLIENT BASIS
        !           120: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           121: %      \item   INTERACTIONS BY A CLIENT ARE NOT DIRECTLY VISIBLE TO OTHER CLIENTS
        !           122: %      \item   e.g., HOW THE FILE IS BEING TRAVERSED
        !           123: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           124: %\item THE CLIENT INTERACTS ON AT MOST ONE FILE
        !           125: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           126: %      \item   THE ``SELECTED'' FILE
        !           127: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           128: %\end{nrtc}
        !           129: %\end{bwslide}
        !           130: 
        !           131: 
        !           132: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           133: %\ctitle {FTAM ELEMENTS --- CONTENTS}
        !           134: %
        !           135: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           136: %\item TYPICALLY, FILES ARE DEFINED IN TERMS OF A ``DOCUMENT TYPE''
        !           137: %\item STATIC CHARACTERISTICS
        !           138: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           139: %      \item   THE COMPOSITION OF THE FILE IN TERMS OF FILE ACCESS DATA UNITS (FADUs)
        !           140: %              \begin{nrtc}
        !           141: %              \item   e.g., A SEQUENTIAL COLLECTION OF RECORDS        
        !           142: %              \end{nrtc}
        !           143: %      \item   THE STRUCTURE OF EACH DATA UNIT (DUs)
        !           144: %              \begin{nrtc}
        !           145: %              \item   e.g., EACH RECORD CONTAINS A PERSONNEL RECORD
        !           146: %              \end{nrtc}
        !           147: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           148: %\item DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
        !           149: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           150: %      \item   HOW DATA UNITS ARE ENCODED ON THE NETWORK
        !           151: %      \item   HOW DATA UNITS ARE REFERENCED (e.g., CURRENT POSITION)
        !           152: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           153: %\end{nrtc}
        !           154: %\end{bwslide}
        !           155: 
        !           156: 
        !           157: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           158: %\ctitle {FTAM --- FILE ATTRIBUTES}
        !           159: %
        !           160: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           161: %\item 4 GROUPS OF FILE ATTRIBUTES
        !           162: %\item KERNEL GROUP (REQUIRED)
        !           163: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           164: %      \item   NECESSARY FOR FILE SELECTION AND BASIC FILE TRANSFER
        !           165: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           166: %\item STORAGE GROUP (OPTIONAL)
        !           167: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           168: %      \item   DESCRIBES THE STORAGE CHARACTERISTICS FOR THE FILE
        !           169: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           170: %\item SECURITY GROUP (OPTIONAL)
        !           171: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           172: %      \item   DESCRIBES THE ACCESS CONTROL MECHANISMS FOR THE FILE
        !           173: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           174: %\item PRIVATE GROUP (OPTIONAL)
        !           175: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           176: %      \item   A MECHANISM TO CAPTURE NON-STANDARD (PROPRIETARY) MECHANISMS
        !           177: %              THAT CAN'T BE OTHERWISE REPRESENTED
        !           178: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           179: %\end{nrtc}
        !           180: %\end{bwslide}
        !           181: 
        !           182: 
        !           183: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           184: %\ctitle {FTAM --- KERNEL GROUP}
        !           185: %
        !           186: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           187: %\item FILENAME:  A SEQUENCE OF STRINGS
        !           188: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           189: %      \item   MAPPING TO THE LOCALSTORE NAMING CONVENTIONS IS A 
        !           190: %              ``LOCAL IMPLEMENTATION CHOICE''
        !           191: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           192: %\item CONTENTS TYPE:  STRUCTURING INFORMATION
        !           193: %\item PERMITTED ACTIONS
        !           194: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           195: %      \item   DESCRIBES THE TYPES OF DATA ACCESS THAT CAN BE PERFORMED ON THE FILE
        !           196: %      \item   HOW DATA UNITS MAY BE ACCESSED (READ, WRITE, EXTEND, etc.)
        !           197: %      \item   HOW THE FILE MAY BE TRAVERSED (MOVING FROM ONE DATA UNIT TO ANOTHER)
        !           198: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           199: %\end{nrtc}
        !           200: %\end{bwslide}
        !           201: 
        !           202: 
        !           203: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           204: %\ctitle {FTAM --- STORAGE GROUP}
        !           205: %
        !           206: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           207: %\item STORAGE ACCOUNT:  A STRING
        !           208: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           209: %      \item   ENTITY ACCRUING FILE STORAGE CHARGES
        !           210: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           211: %\item IDENTITY OF USER AND THE DATE/TIME OF
        !           212: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           213: %      \item   FILE CREATION
        !           214: %      \item   LAST READ \& LAST MODIFICATION OF FILE CONTENTS
        !           215: %      \item   LAST MODIFICATION OF FILE ATTRIBUTES
        !           216: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           217: %\item FILE AVAILABILITY
        !           218: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           219: %      \item   IMMEDIATE (FILE IS ``ON-LINE'')
        !           220: %      \item   DEFERRED (ACCESS TO FILE MAY ENCOUNTER DELAY, e.g., AWAITING
        !           221: %              ARCHIVE RETRIEVAL
        !           222: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           223: %\end{nrtc}
        !           224: %\end{bwslide}
        !           225: 
        !           226: 
        !           227: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           228: %\ctitle {FTAM --- STORAGE GROUP (cont.)}
        !           229: %
        !           230: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           231: %\item FILESIZE (IN OCTETS)
        !           232: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           233: %      \item   AN ESTIMATE OF THE TOTAL SIZE OF THE FILE'S CONTENTS
        !           234: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           235: %\item FUTURE FILESIZE (IN OCTETS)
        !           236: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           237: %      \item   A SOFT LIMIT ON THE TOTAL SIZE OF THE FILE'S CONTENTS
        !           238: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           239: %\end{nrtc}
        !           240: %\end{bwslide}
        !           241: 
        !           242: 
        !           243: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           244: %\ctitle {FTAM --- SECURITY GROUP}
        !           245: %
        !           246: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           247: %\item ACCESS CONTROL (AN ACCESS CONTROL LIST) FOR EACH ELEMENT OF THE LIST:
        !           248: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           249: %      \item   FILE ACTION PERMITTED
        !           250: %      \item   CONCURRENCY CONSTRAINTS
        !           251: %      \item   ENTITY PERMITTED TO REQUEST ACTION (OPTIONAL)
        !           252: %      \item   PASSWORDS REQUIRED TO VALIDATE EACH ACTION
        !           253: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           254: %\item LEGAL QUALIFICATIONS
        !           255: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           256: %      \item   DEFINED THE ``LEGAL STATUS'' OF THE FILE
        !           257: %      \item   MEANT TO BE USED WITH A NATIONAL PRIVACY LEGISLATION
        !           258: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           259: %\end{nrtc}
        !           260: %\end{bwslide}
        !           261: 
        !           262: 
        !           263: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           264: %\ctitle {FTAM --- PRIVATE GROUP}
        !           265: %
        !           266: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           267: %\item A ``CATCH--ALL''
        !           268: %\item USE IS STRONGLY DISCOURAGED
        !           269: %\end{nrtc}
        !           270: %\end{bwslide}
        !           271: 
        !           272: 
        !           273: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           274: %\ctitle {FTAM --- ACTIVITY ATTRIBUTES}
        !           275: %
        !           276: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           277: %\item ACTIVITY ATTRIBUTES ARE ALSO DEFINED IN TERMS OF GROUPS
        !           278: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           279: %      \item   KERNEL, STORAGE, AND SECURITY (NO PRIVATE GROUP, OBVIOUSLY)
        !           280: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           281: %\item THESE ARE USUALLY INITIALIZED WHEN A FILE IS EITHER
        !           282: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           283: %      \item   SELECTED
        !           284: %      \item   OPENED FOR TRANSFER/ACCESS
        !           285: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           286: %\end{nrtc}
        !           287: %\end{bwslide}
        !           288: 
        !           289: 
        !           290: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           291: %\ctitle {FTAM --- DOCUMENT TYPES}
        !           292: %
        !           293: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           294: %\item STATIC CHARACTERISTICS
        !           295: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           296: %      \item   THE FILE ACCESS STRUCTURE (CONSTRAINT SET NAME)
        !           297: %      \item   THE PRESENTATION STRUCTURE (ABSTRACT SYNTAX NAME)
        !           298: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           299: %\item DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
        !           300: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           301: %      \item   THE TRANSFER STRUCTURE (TRANSFER SYNTAX NAME)
        !           302: %      \item   A IDENTIFICATION STRUCTURE (ACCESS CONTEXTS)
        !           303: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           304: %\item ``REGISTERED'' AND REFERENCED VIA A UNIQUE IDENTIFIER
        !           305: %\end{nrtc}
        !           306: %\end{bwslide}
        !           307: 
        !           308: 
        !           309: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           310: %\ctitle {FTAM --- SUMMARY}
        !           311: %
        !           312: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           313: %\item THE VIRTUAL FILESTORE IS THE OSI ABSTRACTION OF A LOCALSTORE
        !           314: %\item FILES CONTAIN ATTRIBUTES AND STRUCTURING INFORMATION IN ADDITION
        !           315: %      TO ``TYPED'' DATA
        !           316: %\item FILES ARE DISTINGUISHED BY NAME
        !           317: %\item SOME ATTRIBUTES ARE DYNAMIC, ON A PER-CLIENT BASIS
        !           318: %\item STRUCTURE IS BASED ON A HIERARCHAL MODEL
        !           319: %\item DATA A STRUCTURE ARE SEPARATE AND DISTINCT
        !           320: %\item DOCUMENT TYPES PROVIDE AN ABBREVIATED METHOD FOR REFERRING TO THE
        !           321: %      FILE STRUCTURE
        !           322: %\end{nrtc}
        !           323: %\end{bwslide}
        !           324: 
        !           325: 
        !           326: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           327: %\ctitle {FILE TRANSFER, ACCESS AND MANAGEMENT \\ REFERENCES}
        !           328: %
        !           329: %\begin{description}
        !           330: %\item[ISO/IEC 8571:]  File Transfer, Access and Management (Parts 1---4)
        !           331: %                      \begin{description}
        !           332: %                      \item[Part 1:] General Information
        !           333: %                      \item[Part 2:] Virtual Filestore Definition
        !           334: %                      \item[Part 3:] The Filestore Definition
        !           335: %                      \item[Part 4:] File Protocol Specification
        !           336: %                      \end{description}
        !           337: %\end{description}
        !           338: %\end{bwslide}
        !           339: 
        !           340: 
        !           341: \begin{bwslide}
        !           342: \ctitle {MESSAGE HANDLING SYSTEMS (MHS)\\ X.400}
        !           343: 
        !           344: \vskip.5in
        !           345: \diagram[p]{figureA-20}
        !           346: \end{bwslide}
        !           347: 
        !           348: 
        !           349: \begin{bwslide}
        !           350: \ctitle {MESSAGE HANDLING SYSTEMS}
        !           351: 
        !           352: \begin{nrtc}
        !           353: \item  ELECTRONIC MESSAGING SERVICE
        !           354: \item  PURPOSE
        !           355:        \begin{nrtc}
        !           356:        \item   A GENERAL PURPOSE STORE--AND--FORWARD ENVIRONMENT
        !           357:        \item   AN ENVIRONMENT WHICH SUPPORTS HUMAN TO HUMAN ELECTRONIC MESSAGING
        !           358:        \item   A SERVICE WHICH CAN BE USED BY OTHER APPLICATIONS
        !           359:        \item   TRANSPORT STRUCTURE MESSAGES
        !           360:        \end{nrtc}
        !           361: \end{nrtc}
        !           362: \end{bwslide}
        !           363: 
        !           364: 
        !           365: \begin{bwslide}
        !           366: \ctitle {MHS}
        !           367: 
        !           368: \begin{nrtc}
        !           369: \item  ALMOST CERTAINLY TO BE THE MOST ``POPULAR'' OSI APPLICATION
        !           370: \item  TECHNICALLY A VERY COMPREHENSIVE \& LARGE STANDARD
        !           371: \item  DEVELOPMENT OF MHS RESULTED IN MUCH OF THE OSI UPPER LAYER DEVELOPMENT
        !           372: \item  THE MOST COMPLEX OSI APPLICATION DUE TO ITS SIZE
        !           373: \end{nrtc}
        !           374: \end{bwslide}
        !           375: 
        !           376: 
        !           377: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           378: %\ctitle {MHS VERSIONS}
        !           379: %
        !           380: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           381: %\item 1984 --- FIRST PASS, PROVIDES A VERY EXTENSIVE FACILITY
        !           382: %\item 1988 --- SECOND PASS, REFLECTS A TREMENDOUS AMOUNT OF EXPERIENCE
        !           383: %              WITH THE 1984 WORK.  A SIGNIFICANTLY MORE ``MATURE'' STANDARD
        !           384: %\end{nrtc}
        !           385: %\end{bwslide}
        !           386: 
        !           387: 
        !           388: \begin{bwslide}
        !           389: \ctitle {MHS PIECES}
        !           390: 
        !           391: \vskip.5in
        !           392: \diagram[p]{figureA-36}
        !           393: \end{bwslide}
        !           394: 
        !           395: 
        !           396: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           397: %\ctitle {MESSAGE HANDLING SYSTEMS \\ REFERENCES}
        !           398: %
        !           399: %\begin{description}
        !           400: %\item[ISO/IEC 10021:] Message Handling Systems (Parts 1---7)
        !           401: %                      \begin{description}
        !           402: %                      \item[Part 1:] System and Service Overview
        !           403: %                      \item[Part 2:] Overall Architecture
        !           404: %                      \item[Part 3:] Abstract Service Definition Conventions
        !           405: %                      \item[Part 4:] Abstract Service Definition Procedures
        !           406: %                      \item[Part 5:] Message Store Abstract Service Definition
        !           407: %                      \item[Part 6:] Protocol SPecifications
        !           408: %                      \item[Part 7:] Interpersonal Messaging System
        !           409: %                      \end{description}
        !           410: %\end{description}
        !           411: %\end{bwslide}
        !           412: 
        !           413: 
        !           414: \begin{bwslide}
        !           415: \ctitle {DIRECTORY SERVICES (DS)\\ X.500}
        !           416: 
        !           417: \vskip.5in
        !           418: \diagram[p]{figureA-17}
        !           419: \end{bwslide}
        !           420: 
        !           421: 
        !           422: \begin{bwslide}
        !           423: \ctitle {DIRECTORY SERVICES}
        !           424: 
        !           425: \begin{nrtc}
        !           426: \item  PURPOSE
        !           427:        \begin{nrtc}
        !           428:        \item   PROVIDE A MECHANISM TO DISTRIBUTE AND RETRIEVE INFORMATION
        !           429:        \item   LET APPLICATIONS MAP FROM NAMES TO ADDRESSES {\em (RECALL
        !           430:                DISCUSSION OF THE DSE)}
        !           431:        \item   ALLOW HUMAN USERS TO ``INTUIT'' NAMES OF OBJECTS AND THEN
        !           432:                RETRIEVE INFORMATION FROM THOSE OBJECTS
        !           433:                \begin{nrtc}
        !           434:                \item e.g., ELECTRONIC MAIL ADDRESSES FOR OTHER USERS
        !           435:                \end{nrtc}
        !           436:        \end{nrtc}
        !           437: \end{nrtc}
        !           438: \end{bwslide}
        !           439: 
        !           440: 
        !           441: \begin{bwslide}
        !           442: \ctitle {DIRECTORY SERVICES (cont.)}
        !           443: 
        !           444: \begin{nrtc}
        !           445: \item  INFORMATION IS ARRANGED HIERARCHICALLY
        !           446: \item  TOP LEVEL IS IMAGINED TO BE PRIMARILY COUNTRIES
        !           447: \item  RULES ABOUT WHAT APPEARS BENEATH A GIVEN POINT
        !           448:        ARE LEFT TO INDIVIDUAL ADMINISTRATORS
        !           449: \end{nrtc}
        !           450: \end{bwslide}
        !           451: 
        !           452: 
        !           453: \begin{bwslide}
        !           454: \ctitle {THE DIRECTORY INFORMATION TREE}
        !           455: 
        !           456: \vskip.5in
        !           457: \diagram[p]{figureA-37}
        !           458: \end{bwslide}
        !           459: 
        !           460: 
        !           461: \begin{bwslide}
        !           462: \ctitle {HOW THE DIRECTORY IS DISTRIBUTED}
        !           463: 
        !           464: \begin{nrtc}
        !           465: \item  MANY SERVERS (DSAs) COOPERATE TO PROVIDE THE HIERARCHICAL DIRECTORY
        !           466: \item  USERS (DUAs) COMMUNICATE WITH SERVERS
        !           467: \item  SERVERS ALSO COMMUNICATE WITH OTHER SERVERS
        !           468: \item  OPERATIONS MAY BE PASSED FROM ONE SERVER TO ANOTHER FOR THE USER {\em (CHAINING)}
        !           469: \item  SERVERS MAY RETURN REFERRALS TO OTHER SERVERS TO THE USER
        !           470: \end{nrtc}
        !           471: \end{bwslide}
        !           472: 
        !           473: 
        !           474: \begin{bwslide}
        !           475: \ctitle {DIRECTORY OPERATION}
        !           476: 
        !           477: \vskip.5in
        !           478: \diagram[p]{figureA-38}
        !           479: \end{bwslide}
        !           480: 
        !           481: 
        !           482: \begin{bwslide}
        !           483: \ctitle {SECURITY AND THE DIRECTORY}
        !           484: 
        !           485: \begin{nrtc}
        !           486: \item  OSI APPLICATIONS MAY USE THE DIRECTORY TO PROVIDE AUTHENTICATION INFORMATION
        !           487: \item  USERS MAY STORE PUBLIC ENCRYPTION KEYS IN THE DIRECTORY
        !           488: \item  OTHER USERS MAY READ THOSE KEYS TO VALIDATE DIGITAL SIGNATURES AND THE LIKE
        !           489: \end{nrtc}
        !           490: \begin{nrtc}
        !           491: \item  SIMPLE AUTHENTICATION MAY JUST STORE PASSWORDS IN THE DIRECTORY
        !           492: \item  OTHER USERS MAY ONLY BE ALLOWED TO \underline{COMPARE} A VALUE TO 
        !           493:                SEE IF IT MATCHES       
        !           494: \end{nrtc}
        !           495: \end{bwslide}
        !           496: 
        !           497: 
        !           498: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           499: %\ctitle {DIRECTORY SERVICES \\ REFERENCES}
        !           500: %
        !           501: %\begin{description}
        !           502: %\item[ISO/IEC 9594:]  The Directory (Parts 1-8)
        !           503: %                      \begin{description}
        !           504: %                      \item[Part 1:]  Overview of Concepts, Models and Services
        !           505: %                      \item[Part 2:]  Models                                  
        !           506: %                      \item[Part 3:]  Abstract Service Definition     
        !           507: %                      \item[Part 4:]  Procedures for Distributed Operation
        !           508: %                      \item[Part 5:]  Protocol Specifications         
        !           509: %                      \item[Part 6:]  Selected Attribute Types
        !           510: %                      \item[Part 7:]  Selected Object Classes
        !           511: %                      \item[Part 8:]  Authentication Framework
        !           512: %                      \end{description}
        !           513: %\end{description}
        !           514: %\end{bwslide}
        !           515: 
        !           516: 
        !           517: \begin{bwslide}
        !           518: \ctitle {NETWORK MANAGEMENT (CMISE)}
        !           519: 
        !           520: \vskip.5in
        !           521: \diagram[p]{figureA-21}
        !           522: \end{bwslide}
        !           523: 
        !           524: 
        !           525: \begin{bwslide}
        !           526: \ctitle {\small COMMON MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SERVICE ELEMENT}
        !           527: 
        !           528: \begin{nrtc}
        !           529: \item  PURPOSE
        !           530:        \begin{nrtc}
        !           531:        \item   PROVIDE A COMMON PROTOCOL FOR MANAGING OSI AND NON-OSI NETWORKS
        !           532:        \item   MANAGEMENT STANDARDS ALSO DEFINE MANAGED OBJECT IN THE
        !           533:                MANAGEMENT INFORMATION BASE (MIB)
        !           534:        \end{nrtc}
        !           535: \end{nrtc}
        !           536: \end{bwslide}
        !           537: 
        !           538: 
        !           539: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           540: %\ctitle {NETWORK MANAGEMENT \\ REFERENCES}
        !           541: %
        !           542: %\begin{description}
        !           543: %\item[ISO/IEC 9595:]  Management Information Service Definition 
        !           544: %                      \begin{description}
        !           545: %                      \item[Part 1:] Overview
        !           546: %                      \item[Part 2:] Common Management Information Service
        !           547: %                      \end{description}
        !           548: %\item[ISO/IEC 9596:]  Management Information Protocol Specification
        !           549: %                      \begin{description}
        !           550: %                      \item[Part 1:] Overview
        !           551: %                      \item[Part 2:] Common Management Information Protocol
        !           552: %                      \end{description}
        !           553: %\end{description}
        !           554: %\end{bwslide}
        !           555: 
        !           556: 
        !           557: \begin{bwslide}
        !           558: \ctitle {VIRTUAL TERMINAL (VT)}
        !           559: 
        !           560: \vskip.5in
        !           561: \diagram[p]{figureA-22}
        !           562: \end{bwslide}
        !           563: 
        !           564: 
        !           565: \begin{bwslide}
        !           566: \ctitle {VIRTUAL TERMINAL}
        !           567: 
        !           568: \begin{nrtc}
        !           569: \item  PURPOSE
        !           570:        \begin{nrtc}
        !           571:        \item   PROVIDE REMOTE TERMINAL CAPABILITY
        !           572:        \item   ALLOW ACCESS TO REMOTE COMPUTER SYSTEMS ACROSS AN OSI NETWORK
        !           573:        \item   ULTIMATELY ALLOW A MAPPING BETWEEN ANY APPLICATION AND ANY TERMINAL
        !           574:        \end{nrtc}
        !           575: \end{nrtc}
        !           576: \end{bwslide}
        !           577: 
        !           578: 
        !           579: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           580: %\ctitle {VIRTUAL TERMINAL \\ REFERENCES}
        !           581: %
        !           582: %\begin{description}
        !           583: %\item[ISO/IEC 9040:]  Virtual Terminal Service --- Basic Class
        !           584: %\item[ISO/IEC 9041:]  Virtual Terminal Protocol --- Basic Class
        !           585: %\end{description}
        !           586: %\end{bwslide}
        !           587: 
        !           588: 
        !           589: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           590: %\ctitle {INTRODUCTION}
        !           591: %
        !           592: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           593: %\item   LOOSELY COUPLED SYSTEMS THAT ARE BUILT USING REMOTE PROCEDURE CALLS
        !           594: %        (RPC) ARE GAINING POPULARITY, e.g., NFS
        !           595: %
        !           596: %\item   THE OSI REMOTE OPERATIONS CONCEPT IS INTENDED TO PROVIDE THIS
        !           597: %        FUNCTIONALITY FOR:
        !           598: %    \begin{nrtc}
        !           599: %    \item       MESSAGING
        !           600: %
        !           601: %    \item       DIRECTORY SERVICES
        !           602: %
        !           603: %    \item       NETWORK MANAGEMENT
        !           604: %
        !           605: %    \item       REMOTE DATABASE ACCESS
        !           606: %    \end{nrtc}
        !           607: %\end{nrtc}
        !           608: %\end{bwslide}
        !           609: %
        !           610: %
        !           611: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           612: %\ctitle {MOTIVATION}
        !           613: %
        !           614: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           615: %\item   MANY FEEL THAT THIS CAPABILITY MAY BE A KEY FACTOR IN THE OVERALL
        !           616: %        SUCCESS OF OSI STANDARDIZATION
        !           617: %
        !           618: %\item   BUT, REMOTE OPERATIONS ARE SUFFICIENTLY GENERAL TO REQUIRE
        !           619: %        ADDITIONAL DISCIPLINE, BEYOND THE ISO/CCITT STANDARDS,
        !           620: %        FOR THEIR USE AS AN RPC MECHANISM
        !           621: %\end{nrtc}
        !           622: %\end{bwslide}
        !           623: %
        !           624: %
        !           625: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           626: %\ctitle {THE APPLICATIONS COOKBOOK}
        !           627: %
        !           628: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           629: %\item   THE SET OF RULES AND LOCAL IMPLEMENTATION DECISIONS PLACED ON REMOTE
        !           630: %        OPERATIONS TO MAKE THE PROBLEM MANAGEABLE:
        !           631: %    \begin{nrtc}
        !           632: %    \item       LANGUAGE BINDINGS (``C'')
        !           633: %
        !           634: %    \item       TOOLS FOR AUTOMATICALLY GENERATING PARTS OF THE
        !           635: %                PROGRAMS WHICH USE REMOTE OPERATIONS
        !           636: %
        !           637: %    \item       A RUN-TIME ENVIRONMENT AND SOME BOILERPLATE
        !           638: %
        !           639: %    \item       CONVENTIONS FOR NAMING AND ADDRESSING SERVICES AND ENTITIES
        !           640: %    \end{nrtc}
        !           641: %\end{nrtc}
        !           642: %\end{bwslide}
        !           643: %
        !           644: %
        !           645: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           646: %\part*        {\bf DEFINING A SERVICE}
        !           647: %
        !           648: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           649: %\item TWO ASPECT TO SERVICE DEFINITION
        !           650: %\item STATIC CHARACTERISTICS
        !           651: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           652: %      \item   DEFINED IN SERVICE DEFINITION
        !           653: %      \item   GENERIC TO ANY ENTITY REALIZING THE SERVICE
        !           654: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           655: %\item DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
        !           656: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           657: %      \item   DEFINED BY SERVICE PROVIDER
        !           658: %      \item   VARIES BETWEEN ENTITIES
        !           659: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           660: %\end{nrtc}
        !           661: %\end{bwslide}
        !           662: %
        !           663: %
        !           664: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           665: %\ctitle {STATIC CHARACTERISTICS: \\ ABSTRACT SYNTAX}
        !           666: %
        !           667: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           668: %\item DEFINES THE DATA STRUCTURES BEING EXCHANGED BY THE SERVICE
        !           669: %\item VALUE IS AN OBJECT IDENTIFIER, e.g.:
        !           670: %      \begin{quote}\small
        !           671: %      ftam pci        1.0.8571.2.1
        !           672: %      \end{quote}
        !           673: %\item ALL SERVICES USE AT LEAST TWO
        !           674: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           675: %      \item   ``PRIMARY'' PROTOCOL
        !           676: %      \item   ASSOCIATION CONTROL
        !           677: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           678: %\item SOME USE MORE, e.g., FTAM USES AN ABSTRACT SYNTAX FOR EACH NEGOTIATED
        !           679: %      DOCUMENT TYPE
        !           680: %\end{nrtc}
        !           681: %\end{bwslide}
        !           682: %
        !           683: %
        !           684: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           685: %\ctitle {STATIC CHARACTERISTICS: \\ APPLICATION CONTEXT NAME}
        !           686: %
        !           687: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           688: %\item DEFINES THE APPLICATION SERVICE ELEMENTS (ASEs) USED BY THE SERVICE AND
        !           689: %      HOW THEY INTERACT
        !           690: %\item VALUE IS AN OBJECT IDENTIFIER, e.g.:
        !           691: %      \begin{quote}\small
        !           692: %      iso ftam        1.0.8571.1.1
        !           693: %      \end{quote}
        !           694: %      INDICATES USE OF THE FTAM ASE AND THE ACSE
        !           695: %\item SOME RELATIONSHIPS ARE MORE COMPLICATED, e.g., USE PROTOCOL ``p17''
        !           696: %      ON TOP OF ROSE ON TOP OF RTSE ON TOP OF ACSE
        !           697: %\end{nrtc}
        !           698: %\end{bwslide}
        !           699: %
        !           700: %
        !           701: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           702: %\ctitle {DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS: \\ APPLICATION ENTITY TITLE}
        !           703: %
        !           704: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           705: %\item UNIQUELY NAMES AN ENTITY IN THE NETWORK
        !           706: %\item VALUE IS A DISTINGUISHED NAME, e.g.,
        !           707: %      \begin{quote}\small\begin{verbatim}
        !           708: %      c=US@o=TWG@ou=Software Engineering@cn=boomer@cn=filestore
        !           709: %      \end{verbatim}\end{quote}
        !           710: %      (THIS IS A STRING REPRESENTATION OF A COMPLEX ASN.1 TYPE!)
        !           711: %\item SIMPLER APPROACH IS TO USE LOCAL ALIASING (``boomer-filestore'') PRIOR TO
        !           712: %      RESOLUTION:
        !           713: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           714: %      \item   LHS (QUALIFIER) MAPS TO INITIAL PART OF DISTINGUISHED NAME
        !           715: %      \item   RHS (DESIGNATOR) MAPS TO SUFFIX
        !           716: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           717: %\end{nrtc}
        !           718: %\end{bwslide}
        !           719: %
        !           720: %
        !           721: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           722: %\ctitle {APPLICATION ENTITY TITLE}
        !           723: %
        !           724: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           725: %\item FOR INITIATORS, THE DIRECTORY IS ASKED TO RETURN THE ``PRESENTATION ADDRESS''
        !           726: %      ATTRIBUTE OF THIS OBJECT
        !           727: %\item CONCEPTUALLY, RESPONDERS STORE THIS INFORMATION IN THE DIRECTORY
        !           728: %\end{nrtc}
        !           729: %\end{bwslide}
        !           730: %
        !           731: %
        !           732: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           733: %\ctitle {DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS: \\ PRESENTATION ADDRESS}
        !           734: %
        !           735: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           736: %\item UNIQUELY IDENTIFIES THE LOCATION OF AN ENTITY
        !           737: %\item VALUE IS
        !           738: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           739: %      \item   PRESENTATION SELECTOR (0+ OCTETS)
        !           740: %      \item   SESSION SELECTOR (0+ OCTETS)
        !           741: %      \item   TRANSPORT SELECTOR (0+ OCTETS)
        !           742: %      \item   NETWORK ADDRESSES (AT LEAST 1)
        !           743: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           744: %\end{nrtc}
        !           745: %\end{bwslide}
        !           746: %
        !           747: %
        !           748: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           749: %\ctitle {LOCAL ENVIRONMENT: \\ CURRENT METHOD}
        !           750: %
        !           751: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           752: %\item TRANSPORT LISTENER RESIDES ON EACH END-SYSTEM
        !           753: %\item FOR EACH SERVICE LISTED IN LOCAL DATABASE
        !           754: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           755: %      \item   LISTEN ON ASSOCIATED TRANSPORT ADDRESS
        !           756: %      \item   UPON RECEIVING AN INCOMING CONNECTION, TSAPD
        !           757: %              INVOKES ASSOCIATED PROGRAM
        !           758: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           759: %\item PROGRAM IS CALLED A DYNAMIC RESPONDER
        !           760: %\end{nrtc}
        !           761: %\end{bwslide}
        !           762: %
        !           763: %
        !           764: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           765: %\ctitle {LOCAL ENVIRONMENT: \\ CURRENT METHOD (cont.)}
        !           766: %
        !           767: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           768: %\item SOME RESPONDERS MAY WISH TO SERVICE MULTIPLE INITIATORS
        !           769: %\item DIFFERENT APPROACH:
        !           770: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           771: %      \item   SERVICE NOT LISTED IN LOCAL DATABASE
        !           772: %      \item   PROGRAM LISTENS ON OWN TRANSPORT ADDRESS
        !           773: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           774: %\item PROGRAM IS CALLED A STATIC RESPONDER
        !           775: %\end{nrtc}
        !           776: %\end{bwslide}
        !           777: %
        !           778: %
        !           779: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           780: %\ctitle {LOCAL ENVIRONMENT: \\ FUTURE METHOD}
        !           781: %
        !           782: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           783: %\item LOCAL DATABASE CONTAINS
        !           784: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           785: %      \item   SERVICE NAME
        !           786: %      \item   LOCAL PROGRAM
        !           787: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           788: %      BUT NOT TRANSPORT ADDRESS
        !           789: %\item FOR EACH SERVICE
        !           790: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           791: %      \item   TRANSPORT LISTENER LISTENS ON RANDOM TRANSPORT ADDRESS
        !           792: %      \item   LISTENER REGISTERS SERVICE \& TRANSPORT ADDRESS WITH THE DIRECTORY
        !           793: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           794: %\item SIMILAR APPROACH IS USED BY STATIC RESPONDERS
        !           795: %\end{nrtc}
        !           796: %\end{bwslide}
        !           797: %
        !           798: %
        !           799: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           800: %\ctitle {UPPER--LAYER ADDRESSING}
        !           801: %
        !           802: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           803: %\item TOO MUCH FREEDOM
        !           804: %\item DYNAMIC RESPONDER PREFER TO ``DISPATCH'' ON TRANSPORT SELECTOR
        !           805: %\item STATIC RESPONDERS MAY REQUIRE A UNIQUE NETWORK ADDRESS
        !           806: %\end{nrtc}
        !           807: %\end{bwslide}
        !           808: %
        !           809: %
        !           810: %\begin{bwslide}
        !           811: %\ctitle {UPPER--LAYER ADDRESSING}
        !           812: %
        !           813: %\begin{nrtc}
        !           814: %\item U.S. GOSIP CALLS FOR DISPATCHING ON PRESENTATION SELECTOR
        !           815: %\item OKAY FOR DYNAMIC RESPONDERS
        !           816: %\item STATIC RESPONDERS MAY STILL REQUIRE A UNIQUE NETWORK ADDRESS
        !           817: %      \begin{nrtc}
        !           818: %      \item   WITH REAL OSI NETWORK SERVICE, STATIC RESPONDERS CAN DISPATCH
        !           819: %              ON TRANSPORT SELECTOR
        !           820: %      \end{nrtc}
        !           821: %\end{nrtc}
        !           822: %\end{bwslide}

This archive runs on limited infrastructure. Preserving old code on modern bandwidth. Automated agents are requested to crawl responsibly.