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1.1 root 1: .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
2: .\" All rights reserved.
3: .\"
4: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
5: .\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
6: .\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
7: .\" acknowledgement: ``This product includes software developed by the
8: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
9: .\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in
10: .\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
11: .\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
12: .\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
13: .\" specific prior written permission.
14: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
15: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
16: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
17: .\"
18: .\" @(#)pc.1 6.2 (Berkeley) 6/11/90
19: .\"
20: .Dd June 11, 1990
21: .Dt PC 1
22: .Os BSD 4
23: .Sh NAME
24: .Nm pc
25: .Nd Pascal compiler
26: .Sh SYNOPSIS
27: .Nm pc
28: .Op option
29: .Op Fl i Ar name \&...
30: .Ar name \&...
31: .Sh DESCRIPTION
32: .Nm Pc
33: is a Pascal compiler.
34: If given an argument file ending with
35: .Pa \&.p ,
36: it will compile the file
37: and load it
38: into an executable file called, by default,
39: .Pa a.out .
40: .Pp
41: A program may be separated into more than one
42: .Pa \&.p
43: file.
44: .Nm Pc
45: will compile a number of argument
46: .Pa \&.p
47: files into object files (with
48: the extension
49: .Pa \&.o
50: in place of
51: .Pa \&.p ) .
52: Object files may then be loaded
53: into an executable
54: .Pa a.out
55: file.
56: Exactly one object file must supply a
57: .Ar program
58: statement to successfully create an executable a.out file.
59: The rest of the files must consist only of
60: declarations which logically nest within the program.
61: References to objects shared between separately compiled files
62: are allowed if the objects are declared in
63: .Ic included
64: header files, whose names must end with
65: .Pa \&.h .
66: Header files may only be included at the outermost level,
67: and thus declare only globally available objects.
68: To allow
69: .Cx Ic function
70: .Cx s
71: .Cx
72: and
73: .Cx Ic procedure
74: .Cx s
75: .Cx
76: to be declared, an
77: .Ic external
78: directive has been added, whose use is similar to the
79: .Ic forward
80: directive but restricted to appear only in
81: .Pa \&.h
82: files.
83: .Ic Function
84: and
85: .Ic procedure
86: bodies may not appear in
87: .Pa \&.h
88: files.
89: A binding phase of the compiler checks that declarations
90: are used consistently, to enforce the type checking rules of Pascal.
91: .Pp
92: Object files
93: created by other language processors may be loaded together with
94: object files created by
95: .Nm pc .
96: The
97: .Cx Ic function
98: .Cx s
99: .Cx
100: and
101: .Cx Ic procedure
102: .Cx s
103: .Cx
104: they define must have been declared
105: in
106: .Pa \&.h
107: files included by all the
108: .Pa \&.p
109: files which call those
110: routines.
111: Calling conventions are as in C,
112: with
113: .Ic var
114: parameters passed by address.
115: .Pp
116: See the Berkeley Pascal User's Manual for details.
117: .Pp
118: The following options have the same meaning as in
119: .Xr cc 1
120: and
121: .Xr f77 1 .
122: See
123: .Xr ld 1
124: for load-time options.
125: .Tw Fl
126: .Tp Fl c
127: Suppress loading and produce `.o' file(s) from source file(s).
128: .Tp Fl g
129: Have the compiler produce additional symbol table information for
130: .Xr dbx 1 .
131: .Tp Fl w
132: Suppress warning messages.
133: .Tp Fl p
134: Prepare object files for profiling, see
135: .Xr prof 1 .
136: .Tp Fl O
137: Invoke an
138: object-code improver.
139: .Tp Fl S
140: Compile the named program, and leave the
141: assembler-language output on the corresponding file suffixed `.s'.
142: (No `.o' is created.).
143: .Tp Cx Fl o
144: .Ws
145: .Ar output
146: .Cx
147: Name the final output file
148: .Ar output
149: instead of
150: .Pa a.out .
151: .Tp
152: .Pp
153: The following options are peculiar to
154: .Nm pc .
155: .Tw Fl
156: .Tp Fl C
157: Compile code to perform runtime checks,
158: verify
159: .Ic assert
160: calls,
161: and initialize all variables to zero as in
162: .Nm pi .
163: .Tp Fl b
164: Block buffer the file
165: .Ar output .
166: .Tp Fl i
167: Produce a listing for
168: the specified procedures, functions and
169: .Ar include
170: files.
171: .Tp Fl l
172: Make a program listing during translation.
173: .Tp Fl s
174: Accept standard Pascal only;
175: non-standard constructs cause warning diagnostics.
176: .Tp Cx Fl t
177: .Ws
178: .Ar directory
179: .Cx
180: Use the given
181: .Ar directory
182: for compiler temporary files.
183: .Tp Fl z
184: Allow execution profiling with
185: .Nm pxp
186: by generating statement counters, and arranging for the
187: creation of the profile data file
188: .Pa pmon.out
189: when the resulting object is executed.
190: .Pp
191: .Tp
192: Other arguments
193: are taken
194: to be loader option arguments,
195: perhaps libraries of
196: .Nm pc
197: compatible routines.
198: Certain flags can also be controlled in comments within the program
199: as described in the
200: .Em "Berkeley Pascal User's Manual."
201: .Sh FILES
202: .Dw /usr/lib.pc2.*strings
203: .Di L
204: .Dp Pa file.p
205: pascal source files
206: .Dp Pa /usr/lib/pc0
207: compiler
208: .Dp Pa /lib/f1
209: code generator
210: .Dp Pa /usr/lib/pc2
211: runtime integrator (inline expander)
212: .Dp Pa /lib/c2
213: peephole optimizer
214: .Dp Pa /usr/lib/pc3
215: separate compilation consistency checker
216: .Dp Pa /usr/lib/pc2.*strings
217: text of the error messages
218: .Dp Pa /usr/lib/how_pc
219: basic usage explanation
220: .Dp Pa /usr/lib/libpc.a
221: intrinsic functions and I/O library
222: .Dp Pa /usr/lib/libm.a
223: math library
224: .Dp Pa /lib/libc.a
225: standard library, see
226: .Xr intro 3
227: .Dp
228: .Sh SEE ALSO
229: .Em Berkeley Pascal User's Manual
230: .br
231: .Xr pi 1 ,
232: .Xr pxp 1 ,
233: .Xr pxref 1 ,
234: .\" .Xr sdb 1
235: .Sh HISTORY
236: .Nm Pc
237: appeared in 4.0 BSD.
238: .Sh DIAGNOSTICS
239: For a basic explanation do
240: .Pp
241: .Df I
242: .Nm pc
243: .De
244: .Pp
245: See
246: .Xr pi 1 .
247: for an explanation of the error message format.
248: Internal errors cause messages containing the word SNARK.
249: .Sh AUTHORS
250: Charles B. Haley, William N. Joy, and Ken Thompson
251: .br
252: Retargetted to the second pass of the portable
253: .Ar C
254: compiler by Peter Kessler
255: .br
256: Runtime library and inline optimizer by M. Kirk McKusick
257: .br
258: Separate compilation consistency checking by Louise Madrid
259: .Sh BUGS
260: The keyword
261: .Ic packed
262: is recognized but has no effect.
263: .Pp
264: The binder is not as strict as described here,
265: with regard to the rules about external declarations only
266: in `.h' files and including `.h' files only at the outermost level.
267: It will be made to perform these checks in its next incarnation,
268: so users are warned not to be sloppy.
269: .Pp
270: The
271: .Fl z
272: flag doesn't work for separately compiled files.
273: .Pp
274: Because the
275: .Fl s
276: option is usurped by the compiler,
277: it is not possible to pass the strip option to the loader.
278: Thus programs which are to be stripped, must be run through
279: .Xr strip 1
280: after they are compiled.
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