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Annotation of 43BSDReno/sbin/badsect/badsect.8, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1985 The Regents of the University of California.
        !             2: .\" All rights reserved.
        !             3: .\"
        !             4: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
        !             5: .\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
        !             6: .\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
        !             7: .\" acknowledgement:  ``This product includes software developed by the
        !             8: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
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        !            10: .\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
        !            11: .\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
        !            12: .\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
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        !            14: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
        !            15: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
        !            16: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
        !            17: .\"
        !            18: .\"    @(#)badsect.8   6.3 (Berkeley) 6/24/90
        !            19: .\"
        !            20: .TH BADSECT 8 "June 24, 1990"
        !            21: .UC 4
        !            22: .SH NAME
        !            23: badsect \- create files to contain bad sectors
        !            24: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !            25: .B /etc/badsect
        !            26: bbdir sector ...
        !            27: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            28: .I Badsect
        !            29: makes a file to contain a bad sector.  Normally, bad sectors
        !            30: are made inaccessible by the standard formatter, which provides
        !            31: a forwarding table for bad sectors to the driver; see
        !            32: .IR bad144 (8)
        !            33: for details.
        !            34: If a driver supports the bad blocking standard it is much preferable to
        !            35: use that method to isolate bad blocks, since the bad block forwarding
        !            36: makes the pack appear perfect, and such packs can then be copied with
        !            37: .IR dd (1).
        !            38: The technique used by this program is also less general than
        !            39: bad block forwarding, as
        !            40: .I badsect
        !            41: can't make amends for
        !            42: bad blocks in the i-list of file systems or in swap areas.
        !            43: .PP
        !            44: On some disks,
        !            45: adding a sector which is suddenly bad to the bad sector table
        !            46: currently requires the running of the standard DEC formatter.
        !            47: Thus to deal with a newly bad block
        !            48: or on disks where the drivers
        !            49: do not support the bad-blocking standard 
        !            50: .I badsect
        !            51: may be used to good effect.
        !            52: .PP
        !            53: .I Badsect
        !            54: is used on a quiet file system in the following way:
        !            55: First mount the file system, and change to its root directory.
        !            56: Make a directory BAD there.  Run
        !            57: .I badsect
        !            58: giving as argument the BAD directory followed by
        !            59: all the bad sectors you wish to add.
        !            60: (The sector numbers must be relative to the beginning of
        !            61: the file system, but this is not hard as the system reports
        !            62: relative sector numbers in its console error messages.)
        !            63: Then change back to the root directory, unmount the file system
        !            64: and run
        !            65: .IR fsck (8)
        !            66: on the file system.  The bad sectors should show up in two files
        !            67: or in the bad sector files and the free list.  Have
        !            68: .I fsck
        !            69: remove files containing the offending bad sectors, but 
        !            70: .B "do not"
        !            71: have it remove the BAD/\fInnnnn\fR files.
        !            72: This will leave the bad sectors in only the BAD files.
        !            73: .PP
        !            74: .I Badsect
        !            75: works by giving the specified sector numbers in a
        !            76: .IR mknod (2)
        !            77: system call,
        !            78: creating an illegal file whose first block address is the block containing
        !            79: bad sector and whose name is the bad sector number.
        !            80: When it is discovered by 
        !            81: .I fsck
        !            82: it will ask ``HOLD BAD BLOCK''?
        !            83: A positive response will cause 
        !            84: .I fsck
        !            85: to convert the inode to a regular file containing the bad block.
        !            86: .SH SEE ALSO
        !            87: bad144(8),
        !            88: fsck(8),
        !            89: format(8V)
        !            90: .SH DIAGNOSTICS
        !            91: .I Badsect
        !            92: refuses to attach a block that
        !            93: resides in a critical area or is out of range of the file system.
        !            94: A warning is issued if the block is already in use.
        !            95: .SH BUGS
        !            96: If more than one sector which comprise a file system fragment are bad,
        !            97: you should specify only one of them to
        !            98: .I badsect,
        !            99: as the blocks in the bad sector files actually cover all the sectors in a
        !           100: file system fragment.

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