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Annotation of 43BSDReno/sbin/disklabel/disklabel.8, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1987, 1988 Regents of the University of California.
        !             2: .\" All rights reserved.
        !             3: .\"
        !             4: .\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
        !             5: .\" Symmetric Computer Systems.
        !             6: .\"
        !             7: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
        !             8: .\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
        !             9: .\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
        !            10: .\" acknowledgement:  ``This product includes software developed by the
        !            11: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
        !            12: .\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in
        !            13: .\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
        !            14: .\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
        !            15: .\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
        !            16: .\" specific prior written permission.
        !            17: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
        !            18: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
        !            19: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
        !            20: .\"
        !            21: .\"    @(#)disklabel.8 6.8 (Berkeley) 6/24/90
        !            22: .\"
        !            23: .TH DISKLABEL 8 "June 24, 1990"
        !            24: .UC 5
        !            25: .SH NAME
        !            26: disklabel \- read and write disk pack label
        !            27: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !            28: .B disklabel
        !            29: [
        !            30: .B \-r
        !            31: ]
        !            32: .I disk
        !            33: .br
        !            34: .B disklabel \-w
        !            35: [
        !            36: .B \-r
        !            37: ]
        !            38: .I disk
        !            39: .I disktype
        !            40: [
        !            41: .I packid
        !            42: [
        !            43: .I priboot secboot
        !            44: ] ]
        !            45: .br
        !            46: .B disklabel \-e
        !            47: [
        !            48: .B \-r
        !            49: ]
        !            50: .I disk
        !            51: .br
        !            52: .B disklabel \-R
        !            53: [
        !            54: .B \-r
        !            55: ]
        !            56: .I disk protofile
        !            57: [
        !            58: .I priboot secboot
        !            59: ]
        !            60: .br
        !            61: .B disklabel
        !            62: [
        !            63: .B \-NW
        !            64: ]
        !            65: .I disk
        !            66: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            67: .I Disklabel
        !            68: can be used to install, examine or modify the label on a disk drive or pack.
        !            69: When writing the label, it can be used
        !            70: to change the drive identification,
        !            71: the disk partitions on the drive,
        !            72: or to replace a damaged label or bootstrap.
        !            73: The disk label is located on one of the first sectors
        !            74: of each disk (usually block 0).
        !            75: On machines that require a block-0 bootstrap (VAX 11/750),
        !            76: the label is inserted into the bootstrap program.
        !            77: This information is used by the system disk driver and by the bootstrap
        !            78: program to determine how to program the drive.
        !            79: There are several forms of the command that display, install or modify
        !            80: the label on a disk.
        !            81: Each form has an additional option,
        !            82: .BR \-r ,
        !            83: which causes the label to be read from or written to the disk directly,
        !            84: rather than going through the system's in-core copy of the label.
        !            85: When writing, the in-core copy is also updated if possible.
        !            86: This option may allow a label to be installed on a disk
        !            87: without kernel support for a label, such as when labels are first installed
        !            88: on a system; it must be used when first installing a label on a disk.
        !            89: .PP
        !            90: The first form of the command is used to examine the label on the named
        !            91: disk drive (e.g. hp0 or /dev/rhp0c).
        !            92: It will display all of the parameters associated with the drive
        !            93: and its partition layout.
        !            94: Unless the
        !            95: .B \-r
        !            96: flag is given,
        !            97: the kernel's in-core copy of the label is displayed;
        !            98: if the disk has no label, or the partition types on the disk are incorrect,
        !            99: the kernel may have constructed or modified the label.
        !           100: If the
        !           101: .B \-r
        !           102: flag is given, the label from the raw disk will be displayed rather
        !           103: than the in-core label.
        !           104: .PP
        !           105: The second form of the command, with the
        !           106: .B \-w
        !           107: flag, is used to write a standard label on the designated drive.
        !           108: The required arguments to
        !           109: .I disklabel
        !           110: are the drive to be labelled (e.g. hp0), and
        !           111: the drive type as described in the
        !           112: .IR disktab (5)
        !           113: file.
        !           114: The drive parameters and partitions are taken from that file.
        !           115: If different disks of the same physical type are to have different
        !           116: partitions, it will be necessary to have separate disktab entries
        !           117: describing each, or to edit the label after installation as described below.
        !           118: The first optional argument is a pack identification string,
        !           119: up to 16 characters long.
        !           120: The pack id must be quoted if it contains blanks.
        !           121: If the
        !           122: .B \-r
        !           123: flag is given, the disk sectors containing the label and bootstrap
        !           124: will be written directly,
        !           125: otherwise the existing label will be updated in place without modifying
        !           126: the bootstrap.
        !           127: If the disk does not already have a label, the
        !           128: .B \-r
        !           129: flag must be used.
        !           130: In either case, the kernel's in-core label is replaced.
        !           131: .PP
        !           132: Alternate versions of the bootstrap files may be specified
        !           133: after the pack identifier.
        !           134: If an alternate bootstrap is not specified, the standard bootstrap will be used.
        !           135: The bootstrap programs are located in
        !           136: .IR /usr/mdec .
        !           137: The names of the bootstrap programs may be specified in
        !           138: .IR disktab (5);
        !           139: if not specified,
        !           140: the default names are of the form
        !           141: .IR basename boot
        !           142: for the primary (block 0) bootstrap, and
        !           143: .RI boot basename
        !           144: for the secondary (block 1-15) bootstrap;
        !           145: for example, /usr/mdec/hpboot and /usr/mdec/boothp
        !           146: if the disk device is
        !           147: .BR hp0 .
        !           148: .PP
        !           149: An existing disk label may be edited by using the
        !           150: .B \-e
        !           151: flag.
        !           152: The label is read from the in-core kernel copy,
        !           153: or directly from the disk if the
        !           154: .B \-r
        !           155: flag is also given.
        !           156: The label is formatted and then supplied to an editor for changes.
        !           157: If no editor is specified in an EDITOR environment variable,
        !           158: .IR vi (1)
        !           159: is used.
        !           160: When the editor terminates, the formatted label is reread
        !           161: and used to rewrite the disk label.
        !           162: .PP
        !           163: With the
        !           164: .B \-R
        !           165: flag,
        !           166: .I disklabel
        !           167: is capable of restoring a disk label that was formatted
        !           168: in a prior operation and saved in an ascii file.
        !           169: The prototype file used to create the label should be in the same format
        !           170: as that produced when reading or editing a label.
        !           171: Comments are delimited by
        !           172: .B #
        !           173: and newline.
        !           174: If the
        !           175: .B \-r
        !           176: option is also given,
        !           177: a block-0 bootstrap is installed on machines that use one;
        !           178: either the disktype or the names of the bootstrap files must be specified
        !           179: on such machines.
        !           180: .PP
        !           181: Finally, the \fB-NW\fP flags for \fIdisklabel\fP explicitly disallow and
        !           182: allow, respectively, writing of the pack label area on the selected disk.
        !           183: .SH FILES
        !           184: /etc/disktab
        !           185: .br
        !           186: /usr/mdec/\fIxx\fPboot
        !           187: .br
        !           188: /usr/mdec/boot\fIxx\fP
        !           189: .SH "SEE ALSO"
        !           190: disktab(5), disklabel(5)
        !           191: .SH DIAGNOSTICS
        !           192: The kernel device drivers will not allow the size of a disk partition
        !           193: to be decreased or the offset of a partition to be changed while it is open.
        !           194: Some device drivers create a label containing only a single large partition
        !           195: if a disk is unlabeled; thus, the label must be written to the ``a''
        !           196: partition of the disk while it is open.
        !           197: This sometimes requires the desired label to be set in two steps,
        !           198: the first one creating at least one other partition,
        !           199: and the second setting the label on the new partition
        !           200: while shrinking the ``a'' partition.
        !           201: .SH BUGS
        !           202: When a disk name is given without a full pathname,
        !           203: the constructed device name uses the ``c'' partition on the vax
        !           204: and the ``a'' partition on the tahoe.

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