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1.1 ! root 1: .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1989 The Regents of the University of California. ! 2: .\" All rights reserved. ! 3: .\" ! 4: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided ! 5: .\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and ! 6: .\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following ! 7: .\" acknowledgement: ``This product includes software developed by the ! 8: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the ! 9: .\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in ! 10: .\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software. ! 11: .\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may ! 12: .\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without ! 13: .\" specific prior written permission. ! 14: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED ! 15: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ! 16: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ! 17: .\" ! 18: .\" @(#)mount.8 6.15 (Berkeley) 6/24/90 ! 19: .\" ! 20: .TH MOUNT 8 "June 24, 1990" ! 21: .UC 4 ! 22: .SH NAME ! 23: mount, umount \- mount and dismount file systems ! 24: .SH SYNOPSIS ! 25: .B mount ! 26: [ ! 27: .B \-afrwu ! 28: ] [ ! 29: .B \-t ! 30: nfs | ufs | external_type ! 31: ] ! 32: .br ! 33: .B mount ! 34: [ ! 35: .B \-frwu ! 36: ] ! 37: special | node ! 38: .br ! 39: .B mount ! 40: [ ! 41: .B \-frwu ! 42: ] [ ! 43: .B \-t ! 44: nfs | ufs | external_type ! 45: ] [ ! 46: .B \-o ! 47: options ! 48: ] ! 49: special node ! 50: .br ! 51: .PP ! 52: .B umount ! 53: [ ! 54: .B \-af ! 55: ] [ ! 56: .B \-t ! 57: nfs | ufs | external_type ! 58: ] ! 59: .br ! 60: .B umount ! 61: [ ! 62: .B \-f ! 63: ] ! 64: special | node ! 65: .br ! 66: .SH DESCRIPTION ! 67: .I Mount ! 68: announces to the system that a removable file system is present on the ! 69: block device \fIspecial\fP or the remote node ``rhost:path''. ! 70: The file \fInode\fP must exist already and ! 71: it must be a directory. It becomes the name of the newly mounted root. ! 72: The optional arguments \fI-r\fP and \fI-w\fP indicate that the file ! 73: system is to be mounted read-only or read-write, respectively. ! 74: If either \fIspecial\fP or \fIfile\fP are not provided, the appropriate ! 75: information is taken from the \fIfstab\fP file. The \fI-f\fP option ! 76: causes everything to be done except for the actual system call; if it's ! 77: not obvious, this ``fakes'' mounting the file system. ! 78: This option is useful in conjunction with the \fI-v\fP flag to ! 79: determine what the ! 80: .I mount ! 81: command is trying to do. ! 82: .PP ! 83: The optional argument \fI-t\fP can be used ! 84: to indicate the file system type. ! 85: The type \fBufs\fP is the default. ! 86: If the type is not one of the internally known types, ! 87: mount will attempt to execute a program in ! 88: .B /sbin/mount_XXX ! 89: where \fBXXX\fP is replaced by the type name. ! 90: The standard mount options (see below) are parsed and ! 91: passed to external program via the \fI-F\fP option ! 92: as a decimal number. ! 93: Any additional options specific to the program can ! 94: be passed as a comma separated list; ! 95: these options are distinguished by starting with a \fI-\fP (dash). ! 96: Those options that take a value are specified ! 97: using the syntax -option=value. ! 98: For example, the mount command: ! 99: .br ! 100: mount -t mfs -o nosuid,-N,-s=4000 /dev/dk0b /tmp ! 101: .br ! 102: causes mount to attempt to execute: ! 103: .br ! 104: /sbin/mount_mfs -F 8 -N -s 4000 /dev/dk0b /tmp ! 105: .PP ! 106: Options are specified by a \fI-o\fP argument ! 107: followed by a comma separated string of options. ! 108: The following options apply to any file system that is being mounted: ! 109: .IP "noexec" 12 ! 110: Do not allow execution of any binaries on the mounted file system. ! 111: This options is useful for a server that has file systems containing ! 112: binaries for architectures other than its own. ! 113: .IP "nosuid" 12 ! 114: Do not allow set-user-identifier or set-group-identifier bits to take effect. ! 115: .IP "nodev" 12 ! 116: Do not interpret character or block special devices on the file system. ! 117: This options is useful for a server that has file systems containing ! 118: special devices for architectures other than its own. ! 119: .IP "synchronous" 12 ! 120: All I/O to the file system should be done synchronously. ! 121: .PP ! 122: The \fI-u\fP flag indicates that the status of an already mounted file ! 123: system should be changed. ! 124: Any of the options above may be changed; ! 125: also a file system can be changed from read-only to read-write. ! 126: The set of options is determined by first extracting the options ! 127: for the file system from the \fIfstab\fP table, ! 128: then applying any options specified by the \fI-o\fP argument, ! 129: and finally applying the \fI-r\fP or \fI-w\fP option. ! 130: .PP ! 131: The following list can be used to override ! 132: the defaults for an nfs mount: ! 133: .IP "hard" 12 ! 134: I/O system calls will retry until the server responds (default) ! 135: .IP "soft" 12 ! 136: I/O system calls will fail and return errno after \fIretrans\fP request ! 137: retransmissions ! 138: .IP "spongy" 12 ! 139: Soft semantics for the stat, lookup, fsstat, readlink and readdir ! 140: filesystem operations and hard semantics for the others. ! 141: This option is meant to be similar to hard, ! 142: except that processes will not be hung forever when ! 143: they trip over mount points to dead servers. ! 144: .IP "bg" 12 ! 145: If the first mount request times out, do retries in background ! 146: .IP "intr" 12 ! 147: I/O system calls can be interrupted. ! 148: .IP "noconn" 12 ! 149: Do not connect the socket. ! 150: Used for UDP servers that send replies from a ! 151: socket other than the nfs server socket. ! 152: .IP "tcp" 12 ! 153: Use TCP transport instead of UDP. ! 154: .IP "rsize=#" 12 ! 155: Set read size to \fI#\fP bytes. ! 156: .IP "wsize=#" 12 ! 157: Set write size to \fI#\fP bytes. ! 158: .IP "retry=#" 12 ! 159: Set mount retry count to \fI#\fP. ! 160: .IP "retrans=#" 12 ! 161: Set retransmission count for nfs rpc's to \fI#\fP. ! 162: .IP "timeo=#" 12 ! 163: Set initial nfs timeout to \fI#\fP in 0.1 sec intervals. ! 164: .fi ! 165: .PP ! 166: .I Umount ! 167: announces to the system that the removable file system \fInode\fP ! 168: or whatever removable file system was previously mounted on device ! 169: \fIspecial\fP should be removed. ! 170: If the \fI-f\fP option is specified for ! 171: .IR umount , ! 172: the file system is forcibly unmounted. ! 173: Active special devices continue to work, ! 174: but all other files return errors if further accesses are attempted. ! 175: The root file system cannot be forcibly unmounted. ! 176: .PP ! 177: If the \fI-a\fP option is present for either ! 178: .I mount ! 179: or ! 180: .I umount, ! 181: all of the file systems described in ! 182: .I fstab ! 183: are mounted or unmounted. ! 184: The optional argument \fI-t\fP can be used ! 185: to indicate that the actions should only be taken on ! 186: filesystems of the specified type. ! 187: More than one type may be specified in a comma separated list. ! 188: The list of filesystem types can be prefixed with ``no'' to ! 189: specify the filesystem types on which no action should be taken. ! 190: For example, the mount command: ! 191: .br ! 192: mount -a -t nonfs,mfs ! 193: .br ! 194: mounts all filesystems except those of type NFS and MFS. ! 195: .PP ! 196: The system maintains a list of currently mounted file systems. ! 197: If invoked without an argument, ! 198: .I mount ! 199: prints the list. ! 200: The optional argument \fI-t\fP can be used ! 201: to indicate that only filesystems of the specified type ! 202: should be listed. ! 203: More than one type may be specified in a comma separated list. ! 204: The list of filesystem types can be prefixed with ``no'' to ! 205: indicate the types of filesystems to be excluded from the listing. ! 206: .PP ! 207: Physically write-protected and magnetic tape file ! 208: systems must be mounted read-only ! 209: or errors will occur when access times are updated, ! 210: whether or not any explicit write is attempted. ! 211: .SH FILES ! 212: /etc/fstab file system table ! 213: .SH "SEE ALSO" ! 214: mount(2), unmount(2), fstab(5) ! 215: .SH BUGS ! 216: Mounting garbaged file systems will crash the system. ! 217: .PP ! 218: Mounting a root directory on a non-directory ! 219: makes some apparently good path names invalid.
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