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1.1       root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1982 Regents of the University of California.
                      2: .\" All rights reserved.  The Berkeley software License Agreement
                      3: .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
                      4: .\"
                      5: .\"    @(#)1.t 4.2 (Berkeley) 7/18/85
                      6: .\"
                      7: .ds RH Introduction
                      8: .NH
                      9: Introduction
                     10: .PP
                     11: This document reflects the use of
                     12: .I fsck
                     13: with the 4.2BSD and 4.3BSD file system organization.  This
                     14: is a revision of the
                     15: original paper written by
                     16: T. J. Kowalski.
                     17: .PP
                     18: When a UNIX
                     19: operating system is brought up, a consistency
                     20: check of the file systems should always be performed.
                     21: This precautionary measure helps to insure
                     22: a reliable environment for file storage on disk.
                     23: If an inconsistency is discovered,
                     24: corrective action must be taken.
                     25: .I Fsck
                     26: runs in two modes.
                     27: Normally it is run non-interactively by the system after 
                     28: a normal boot.
                     29: When running in this mode,
                     30: it will only make changes to the file system that are known
                     31: to always be correct.
                     32: If an unexpected inconsistency is found
                     33: .I fsck
                     34: will exit with a non-zero exit status, 
                     35: leaving the system running single-user.
                     36: Typically the operator then runs 
                     37: .I fsck
                     38: interactively.
                     39: When running in this mode,
                     40: each problem is listed followed by a suggested corrective action.
                     41: The operator must decide whether or not the suggested correction
                     42: should be made.
                     43: .PP
                     44: The purpose of this memo is to dispel the
                     45: mystique surrounding
                     46: file system inconsistencies.
                     47: It first describes the updating of the file system
                     48: (the calm before the storm) and
                     49: then describes file system corruption (the storm).
                     50: Finally,
                     51: the set of deterministic corrective actions
                     52: used by
                     53: .I fsck
                     54: (the Coast Guard
                     55: to the rescue) is presented.
                     56: .ds RH Overview of the File System

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