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1.1 root 1: .TH XWM 1 "14 July 1985" "X Version 10"
2: .SH NAME
3: xwm - X Window System, window manager process
4: .SH SYNOPSIS
5: .B "xwm"
6: [ -cfgmrsz ] [ +\fIfunction\fP ] [ @\fIdelta\fP ] [ fn=\fIfont\fP ] [ fi=\fIfont\fP ]
7: [ \fIhost\fP:\fIdisplay\fP ]
8: .SH DESCRIPTION
9: .PP
10: The window manager allows you to use the mouse to push a window to the
11: top or bottom of the stack, turn a window into an icon, resize a
12: window, move a window elsewhere on the screen, attach the keyboard to
13: a window (hierarchy) and circulate the window hierarchy. The window
14: manager only manipulates top-level windows (i.e., direct decendents of
15: the root window), not their subwindows, so in the following,
16: references to window refer only to top-level windows.
17: .PP
18: Since
19: .I xwm
20: does not have a window of its own it steals certain button/key
21: combinations and interprets them as operations on existing windows.
22: The key combination is specified on the command line with some subset
23: of the options:
24: .B "`c'"
25: (control),
26: .B "`s'"
27: (shift),
28: .B "`m'"
29: (meta) and
30: .B "`n'"
31: (no-key). For example, if you specify the options
32: .B "-cm"
33: then the Control and Meta keys must be down at the time a mouse button
34: is depressed. If no combination is specified in the command line,
35: Meta is the default. If
36: .B "`n'"
37: is specified anywhere in the option list all keys will be ignored.
38: .PP
39: For each mouse button, a different command is performed depending on
40: whether the button is `clicked' or `moved', i.e., whether the mouse is
41: moved between the press and release of the button. Some actual
42: movement is allowed before the mouse is really considered to have
43: moved, the amount of movement is settable (see below). The mouse
44: buttons perform the commands described below. For any of these
45: commands, if you press a button to start a command, and then want to
46: abort the command, simply press one of the other buttons before
47: releasing the first button. As each command is being performed the
48: mouse cursor will be changed to indicate which command is in effect.
49: .PP
50: If the left button is clicked in a window it will `push' the window
51: you are pointing at to the bottom of any stack of overlapping windows.
52: If clicked on the root window a `circulate down' operation will be
53: performed on the root window moving the top most window in the
54: hierarchy to the bottom. For any of these operations the mouse cursor
55: will be a `dot'.
56: .PP
57: The left button will also `iconify' the window you point at if it is
58: pressed down and then moved. When you release the button, the window
59: will be made into an icon at the current mouse location. If the
60: window being iconified has its own icon, then that icon will be used.
61: If not
62: .I xwm
63: will create and maintain its own text icon using the name of the
64: window as the initial text. For any of these operations the mouse
65: cursor will be an `icon' cursor.
66: .PP
67: The name displayed in an
68: .I xwm
69: owned text icon can be edited at any time
70: by placing the mouse cursor in the icon and typing. Note:
71: Modifying text displayed in an icon window will modify the name of the
72: window associated with that icon. The delete key deletes the last
73: character, Control-U deletes the entire name, any other printing
74: characters are appended to the current name. When the mouse cursor in
75: an
76: .I xwm
77: text icon it will be a `text' cursor (`I bar' cursor).
78: .PP
79: If you click the middle button on an icon, the window you iconified
80: will reappear in its previous position on the screen and the icon will
81: disappear. For this operation the mouse cursor will be an `arrow
82: cross' cursor.
83: .PP
84: The middle button is used to resize a window by moving a corner or an
85: edge. If you press it on a window, a rubber banded outline of the
86: window will be displayed (and a grid if you specify the `g' option
87: explained below) and moving the mouse will change its size, leaving
88: the opposite corner or other edges fixed. The corner or edge to be
89: moved depends on the where the mouse is when the button is pressed.
90: Imagine the window divided with grid of nine rectangles (the same grid
91: that the `g' option displays). If the mouse is in one of the four
92: corner rectangles or the center rectangle, then the corner closest to
93: the mouse will be moved; otherwise, the closest edge will be moved.
94: When the button is released, the window will be resized. For
95: these operations the mouse cursor will be an `arrow cross' cursor.
96: .PP
97: The middle button can also be used to focus keyboard input to a
98: specific window i.e., keyboard input will go to the specified window
99: (hierarchy) even when the mouse is outside the window. If the 'f'
100: option is specified clicking the middle button twice on a window will
101: attach the keyboard to that window. Clicking the middle button on the
102: background will detach the keyboard from any window (actually, it
103: attaches it to the background window). For this operation the mouse
104: cursor will be an 'arrow cross' cursor.
105: .PP
106: The right button, if clicked in a window, will `pull' the window you
107: are pointing at to the top of any stack of overlapping windows. If
108: clicked on the root window a `circulate up' operation will be
109: performed moving the bottom most window in the hierarchy to the top.
110: For these operations the mouse cursor will be a `circle' cursor.
111: .PP
112: The right button will also move the window you are pointing at if it
113: is pressed down and then moved. An outline of the window (and a grid
114: if you specified the 'g' option) will appear, and will move with the
115: mouse cursor. When you release the right button, the window will be
116: moved to the current location of the outline. For this operation the
117: mouse cursor will be a 'circle' cursor.
118: .SH OPTION SUMMARY:
119: .PP
120: .TP 8
121: .B "c"
122: The
123: .B "`c'"
124: (control) option specifies that the Control key must be held down for
125: .I xwm
126: to listen to mouse button operations.
127: .PP
128: .TP 8
129: .B "f"
130: The
131: .B "`f'"
132: (focus) option specifies that a double-click on the middle button will
133: focus keyboard input events to the specified window.
134: .PP
135: .TP 8
136: .B "g"
137: The
138: .b "`g'"
139: (grid) option turns on a tick-tack-toe like grid that will be
140: displayed inside the `window box' during window movement and resize
141: operations.
142: .PP
143: .TP 8
144: .B "m"
145: The
146: .B "`m'"
147: (meta) option specifies that the Meta key must be held down for
148: .I xwm
149: to listen to mouse button operations.
150: .PP
151: .TP 8
152: .B "n"
153: The
154: .B "`n'"
155: (no-key) option specifies no keys may be down when performing mouse
156: button operation.
157: .PP
158: .TP 8
159: .B "r"
160: The
161: .B "`r'"
162: (reverse) option indicates that icons should be displayed as white
163: text on a black background, rather than black text on a white
164: background.
165: .PP
166: .TP 8
167: .B "s"
168: The
169: .B "`s'"
170: (shift) options indicates that the Shift key must be held down for
171: .I xwm
172: to listen to mouse button operations.
173: .PP
174: .TP 8
175: .B "z"
176: The
177: .B "`z'"
178: (zap) option turns on a special `zap' effect that is intended to draw
179: your attention to icons as they are created and windows as they are
180: moved.
181: .SH ARGUMENT SUMMARY:
182: .PP
183: .TP 8
184: .B "+\fIfunction\fP"
185: This argument allows you to specify a cursor display function. It
186: should be followed by an integer specifying the code of the display
187: function. See the Xlib document for details of available functions.
188: The default function is GXcopy.
189: .PP
190: .TP 8
191: \fB@\fP\fIdelta\fP
192: This argument allows you to specify a mouse \fIdelta\fP value. This value
193: determines how far the mouse must move with a button down before the
194: iconify, move and change operations begin. The default is 5 pixels.
195: Note that if you define a large delta, you can still make fine
196: adjustments by first moving far away and then moving back.
197: .PP
198: .TP 8
199: .B "fn=\fIfont\fP"
200: This argument allow you to specify a text \fIfont\fP to be used in pop up
201: information display. The default font is 6x10.
202: .PP
203: .TP 8
204: .B "fi=\fIfont\fP"
205: This argument allow you to specify an icon text font. The default
206: font is 6x10.
207: .PP
208: .TP 8
209: .B "\fIhost\fP:\fIdisplay\fP"
210: This argument allow you to specify the the host and display number on
211: which
212: .I xwm
213: will operate. For example `xwm orpheus:1' would start up the window
214: manager on display one on the machine orpheus. By default,
215: .I xwm
216: uses
217: the host and display number stored in the environment variable
218: DISPLAY, and therefore this argument is not normally specified. The
219: window manager can be running anywhere, and you can run more than one
220: manager per display (provided that they do not attempt to use the same
221: mouse button / key combinations, see below).
222: .SH X DEFAULTS
223: .PP
224: .TP 8
225: .B BodyFont
226: Set the default font for information display.
227: .PP
228: .TP 8
229: .B IconFont
230: Set the default font for text icons.
231: .PP
232: .TP 8
233: .B InternalBorder
234: Set the space between the text and window border in text icons.
235: .PP
236: .TP 8
237: .B BorderWidth
238: Set the border width of text icons.
239: .PP
240: .TP 8
241: .B ReverseVideo
242: Display text icons in reverse video?
243: .SH ENVIRONMENT
244: .PP
245: .TP 8
246: .B DISPLAY
247: To get default host and display number.
248: .SH SEE ALSO
249: X(1), X(8C)
250: .SH AUTHOR
251: .PP
252: Copyright 1985, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
253: .PP
254: Tony Della Fera, DEC MIT Project Athena
255: .PP
256: Based upon previous `xwm' by Bob Scheifler, MIT Laboratory for Computer Science
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