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Annotation of 43BSDReno/share/doc/ucs/single/mkmf.n, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .TH MKMF 1 "28 June 1985"
        !             2: .\" $Header: mkmf.n,v 1.8 86/01/12 00:53:14 lepreau Exp $
        !             3: .UC 4
        !             4: .SH NAME
        !             5: mkmf \- makefile editor
        !             6: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !             7: .B mkmf
        !             8: [\fB\-acdil\fR] [\fB\-f \fRmakefile] [\fB\-F \fRtemplate] [macroname=value ...]
        !             9: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            10: .I Mkmf
        !            11: creates a makefile that tells the
        !            12: .I make
        !            13: command how to construct and maintain programs and libraries.
        !            14: After gathering up all the source code file names in the current working
        !            15: directory and inserting them into the makefile,
        !            16: .I mkmf
        !            17: scans source code files for included
        !            18: files and generates dependency information which is appended to the makefile.
        !            19: Source code files are identified by their file name suffixes.
        !            20: .I Mkmf
        !            21: knows about the following suffixes:
        !            22: .LP
        !            23: .nf
        !            24: .ta 1.5i +1i
        !            25:        .c      C
        !            26:        .e      Efl
        !            27:        .F      Fortran
        !            28:        .f      Fortran
        !            29:        .h      Include files
        !            30:        .i      Pascal include files
        !            31:        .l      Lex or Lisp
        !            32:        .o      Object files
        !            33:        .p      Pascal
        !            34:        .r      Ratfor
        !            35:        .s      Assembler
        !            36:        .y      Yacc
        !            37: .fi
        !            38: .DT
        !            39: .LP
        !            40: .I Mkmf
        !            41: checks for an existing makefile before creating one. If no
        !            42: .B \-f
        !            43: option is present, the makefiles `makefile' and `Makefile' are tried
        !            44: in order.
        !            45: .LP
        !            46: After the makefile has been created, arbitrary changes can be made using
        !            47: a regular text editor.
        !            48: .I Mkmf
        !            49: can also be used to re-edit the macro definitions in the makefile, regardless
        !            50: of changes that may have been made since it was created.
        !            51: .LP
        !            52: By default,
        !            53: .I mkmf
        !            54: creates a program makefile. To create a makefile that deals with libraries,
        !            55: the
        !            56: .B \-l
        !            57: option must be used.
        !            58: .LP
        !            59: \fBMake Requests\fR
        !            60: .LP
        !            61: Given a makefile created by
        !            62: .I mkmf,
        !            63: .I make
        !            64: recognizes the following requests:
        !            65: .IP \fBall\fR 15
        !            66: Compile and load a program or library.
        !            67: .IP \fBclean\fR
        !            68: Remove all unnecessary files.
        !            69: .IP \fBdepend\fR
        !            70: Edit the makefile and regenerate the dependency information.
        !            71: .IP \fBextract\fR
        !            72: Extract all the object files from the library and place them in the
        !            73: same directory as the source code files. The library is not altered.
        !            74: .IP \fBindex\fR
        !            75: Print an index of functions on standard output.
        !            76: .IP \fBinstall\fR
        !            77: Compile and load the program or library and move it to its destination
        !            78: directory.
        !            79: .IP \fBlibrary\fR
        !            80: Compile and load a library.
        !            81: .IP \fBprint\fR
        !            82: Print source code files on standard output.
        !            83: .IP \fBtags\fR
        !            84: Create a tags file for the
        !            85: .I ex
        !            86: editor, for C, Pascal, and Fortran source code files.
        !            87: .IP \fBprogram\fR
        !            88: Compile and link a program.
        !            89: .IP \fBupdate\fR
        !            90: Recompile only if there are source code files that are newer than the
        !            91: program or library, link and install the program or library. In the case
        !            92: of an out-of-date library, all the object files are extracted from the
        !            93: library before any recompilation takes place.
        !            94: .LP
        !            95: Several requests may be given simultaneously. For example, to
        !            96: compile and link a program,
        !            97: move the program to its destination directory, and remove
        !            98: any unnecessary object files:
        !            99: .IP
        !           100: make program install clean
        !           101: .LP
        !           102: \fBMacro Definitions\fR
        !           103: .LP
        !           104: .I Mkmf
        !           105: understands the following macro definitions:
        !           106: .IP CFLAGS 15
        !           107: C compiler flags. After searching for included files in the directory
        !           108: currently being processed,
        !           109: .I mkmf
        !           110: searchs in directories named in
        !           111: .B \-I
        !           112: compiler options, and then in the `/usr/include' directory.
        !           113: .IP DEST
        !           114: Directory where the program or library is to be installed.
        !           115: .IP EXTHDRS
        !           116: List of included files external to the current directory.
        !           117: .I Mkmf
        !           118: automatically updates this macro definition in the makefile if dependency
        !           119: information is being generated.
        !           120: .IP FFLAGS
        !           121: Fortran compiler flags. After searching for included files in the directory
        !           122: currently being processed,
        !           123: .I mkmf
        !           124: searchs in directories named in
        !           125: .B \-I
        !           126: compiler options, and then in the `/usr/include' directory.
        !           127: .IP HDRS
        !           128: List of included files in the current directory.
        !           129: .I Mkmf
        !           130: automatically updates this macro definition in the makefile.
        !           131: .IP LIBRARY
        !           132: Library name. This macro also implies the
        !           133: .B \-l
        !           134: option.
        !           135: .IP LIBS
        !           136: List of libraries needed by the link editor to resolve external references.
        !           137: .IP MAKEFILE
        !           138: Makefile name.
        !           139: .IP OBJS
        !           140: List of object files.
        !           141: .I Mkmf
        !           142: automatically updates this macro definition in the makefile.
        !           143: .IP PROGRAM
        !           144: Program name.
        !           145: .IP SRCS
        !           146: List of source code files.
        !           147: .I Mkmf
        !           148: automatically updates this macro definition in the makefile.
        !           149: .IP SUFFIX
        !           150: List of additional file name suffixes for
        !           151: .I mkmf
        !           152: to know about.
        !           153: .LP
        !           154: Both these and any other macro definitions already within the makefile may
        !           155: be replaced by definitions on the command line in the form
        !           156: .I "macroname=value".
        !           157: For example, to change the C compiler flags, the program name, and the
        !           158: destination directory in the makefile, the user might type the following line:
        !           159: .LP
        !           160: .nf
        !           161:        mkmf  ``CFLAGS=\-I../include  \-O''  PROGRAM=mkmf  DEST=/usr/new
        !           162: .fi
        !           163: .LP
        !           164: Note that macro definitions like CFLAGS with blanks in them
        !           165: must be enclosed in double quote `"' marks.
        !           166: .LP
        !           167: \fBFile Name Suffixes\fR
        !           168: .LP
        !           169: .I Mkmf
        !           170: can be instructed to recognize additional file name suffixes, or ignore ones
        !           171: that it already knows about, by specifying suffix descriptions in
        !           172: the SUFFIX macro definition. Each suffix description takes the
        !           173: form `.\fIsuffix:tI\^\fR' where
        !           174: .I t
        !           175: is a character indicating the contents of the file (s = source file,
        !           176: o = object file, h = header file, x = executable file) and
        !           177: .I I
        !           178: is an optional character indicating the include syntax for included
        !           179: files (C = C syntax, F = Fortran, Efl, and Ratfor syntax, P = Pascal
        !           180: syntax). The following table describes
        !           181: the default configuration for
        !           182: .I mkmf:
        !           183: 
        !           184: .nf
        !           185: .ta 1.5i +1i
        !           186:        .c:sC   C
        !           187:        .e:sF   Efl
        !           188:        .F:sF   Fortran
        !           189:        .f:sF   Fortran
        !           190:        .h:h    Include files
        !           191:        .i:h    Pascal include files
        !           192:        .l:sC   Lex or Lisp
        !           193:        .o:o    Object files
        !           194:        .p:sP   Pascal
        !           195:        .r:sF   Ratfor
        !           196:        .s:s    Assembler
        !           197:        .y:sC   Yacc
        !           198: .fi
        !           199: .DT
        !           200: .LP
        !           201: For example, to change the object file suffix to .obj, undefine the Pascal
        !           202: include file suffix, and prevent Fortran files from being scanned for
        !           203: included files, the SUFFIX macro definition might look like:
        !           204: .IP
        !           205: \&"SUFFIX = .obj:o  .i:  .f:s"
        !           206: .LP
        !           207: \fBInclude Statement Syntax\fR
        !           208: .LP
        !           209: The syntax of include statements for C, Fortran, and Pascal source code are
        !           210: of the form
        !           211: .IP \fB\C:\fR
        !           212: #include "\fIfilename\fR"
        !           213: .RS
        !           214: where # must be the first character in the line.
        !           215: .RE
        !           216: .IP \fB\Fortran:\fR
        !           217: include '\fIfilename\fR'
        !           218: .RS
        !           219: INCLUDE '\fIfilename\fR'
        !           220: .br
        !           221: where the include statement starts in column 7.
        !           222: .RE
        !           223: .IP \fB\Pascal:\fR
        !           224: #include "\fIfilename\fR"
        !           225: .RS
        !           226: #INCLUDE "\fIfilename\fR"
        !           227: .br
        !           228: where # must be the first character in the line.
        !           229: .RE
        !           230: .LP
        !           231: \fBUser-Defined Templates\fR
        !           232: .LP
        !           233: If
        !           234: .I mkmf
        !           235: can not find a makefile within the current directory, it normally uses
        !           236: one of the standard makefile templates, `p.Makefile' or `l.Makefile', in
        !           237: /usr/new/lib unless the user has alternative `p.Makefile'
        !           238: or `l.Makefile' template files in a directory $PROJECT/lib where
        !           239: $PROJECT is the absolute pathname of the directory assigned to the PROJECT
        !           240: environment variable.
        !           241: .SH OPTIONS
        !           242: .IP \fB\-a\fR
        !           243: When searching a directory for source and include files, also consider files
        !           244: which have names beginning with periods.  By default, 
        !           245: .I mkmf
        !           246: ignores
        !           247: file names which have leading "dots," such as those of
        !           248: backup files created by some
        !           249: editors.
        !           250: .IP \fB\-c\fR
        !           251: Suppress `creating
        !           252: .I makefile
        !           253: from ...' message.
        !           254: .IP \fB\-d\fR
        !           255: Turn
        !           256: .B off
        !           257: scanning of source code for `include' files. Old dependency information
        !           258: is left untouched in the makefile.
        !           259: .IP "\fB\-f \fImakefile\fR"
        !           260: Specify an alternative
        !           261: .I makefile
        !           262: file name. The default file name is `Makefile'.
        !           263: .IP \fB\-i\fR
        !           264: Cause
        !           265: .I mkmf
        !           266: to prompt the user for the name of the program or library, and the
        !           267: directory where it is to be installed. If a carriage return is typed
        !           268: in response to each of these queries,
        !           269: .I mkmf
        !           270: will assume that the default program name is
        !           271: .I a.out
        !           272: or the default library name is
        !           273: .I lib.a,
        !           274: and the destination directory is the current directory.
        !           275: .IP \fB\-l\fR
        !           276: Force the makefile to be a library makefile.
        !           277: .IP "\fB\-F \fItemplate\fR"
        !           278: Specify an alternative makefile
        !           279: .I template
        !           280: file name. The default program makefile template is `p.Makefile'
        !           281: and the default library makefile template is `l.Makefile'.
        !           282: .I Mkmf
        !           283: normally looks for
        !           284: .I template 
        !           285: in /usr/new/lib or $PROJECT/lib. However,
        !           286: .I template
        !           287: can be specified as an absolute pathname.
        !           288: .SH FILES
        !           289: .nf
        !           290: .ta \w'/usr/new/lib/p.Makefile'u+.5i
        !           291: /usr/new/lib/p.Makefile        Standard program makefile template.
        !           292: /usr/new/lib/l.Makefile        Standard library makefile template.
        !           293: $PROJECT/lib/p.Makefile        User-defined program makefile template.
        !           294: $PROJECT/lib/l.Makefile        User-defined library makefile template.
        !           295: .fi
        !           296: .DT
        !           297: .SH "SEE ALSO"
        !           298: ar(1), ctags(1), ex(1), ld(1), ls(1), make(1)
        !           299: .sp
        !           300: Feldman, S.I., "Make \- A Program for Maintaining Computer Programs"
        !           301: .sp
        !           302: Walden, K., "Automatic Generation of Make Dependencies", \fISoftware\-Practice
        !           303: and Experience\fP, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 575-585, June 1984.
        !           304: .SH DIAGNOSTICS
        !           305: Exit status 0 is normal. Exit status 1 indicates an error.
        !           306: .SH AUTHOR
        !           307: Peter J. Nicklin
        !           308: .SH BUGS
        !           309: The name of the makefile is included as a macro definition within the
        !           310: makefile and must be changed if the makefile is renamed.
        !           311: .LP
        !           312: Since executable files are dependent on libraries, standard library
        !           313: abbreviations must be expanded to full pathnames within the LIBS macro
        !           314: definition in the makefile.
        !           315: .LP
        !           316: Generated dependency information appears after a line in the makefile
        !           317: beginning with `###'. This line must
        !           318: .B not
        !           319: be removed, nor must any other information be inserted in the makefile
        !           320: below this line.

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