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1.1 root 1: .\" This file is automatically generated. Do not edit!
2: .SC PICK 1
3: .NA
4: pick \- select messages by content
5: .SY
6: .ie t \{\
7: .ta .4i 1.8i
8: .nf
9: .in .5i
10: ^pick~^^\0\-cc~^ \%[+folder] \%[msgs] \%[\-help]
11: ^^^\0\-date~^ \%[\-before\ date] \%[\-after\ date] \%[\-datefield\ field]
12: ^^^\0\-from~^
13: ^^^\s+2\b'\(lt\(bv\(bv\(lk\(bv\(bv\(lb'\s0\-search~\s+2\b'\(rt\(bv\(bv\(rk\(bv\(bv\(rb'\s0^ pattern \%[\-and\ ...] \%[\-or\ ...] \%[\-not\ ...] \%[\-lbrace\ ...\ \-rbrace]
14: ^^^\0\-subject~^
15: ^^^\0\-to~^ \%[\-sequence\ name\ ...] \%[\-public] \%[\-nopublic] \%[\-zero] \%[\-nozero]
16: ^^^\0\-\|\-component~^ \%[\-list] \%[\-nolist]
17: .fi
18: .re
19: .in 1i
20: .\}
21: .el \{\
22: .ti .5i
23: pick
24: \%[+folder] \%[msgs]
25: \%[\-and\ ...] \%[\-or\ ...] \%[\-not\ ...] \%[\-lbrace\ ...\ \-rbrace]
26: \%[\-\|\-component\ pattern]
27: \%[\-after\ date] \%[\-before\ date] \%[\-datefield\ field]
28: \%[\-sequence\ name\ ...]
29: \%[\-public] \%[\-nopublic]
30: \%[\-zero] \%[\-nozero]
31: \%[\-list] \%[\-nolist]
32: \%[\-help]
33: .\}
34:
35: .ti .5i
36: typically:
37: .br
38: scan\0`pick\0\-from\0jones`
39: .br
40: pick\0\-to\0holloway\0\-sequence\0select
41: .br
42: show\0`pick\0\-before\0friday`
43: .DE
44: \fIPick\fR searches messages within a folder for the specified
45: contents, and then identifies those messages.
46: Two types of search primitives are available:
47: pattern matching and date constraint operations.
48:
49: A modified \fIgrep\fR(1) is used to perform the matching, so the
50: full regular expression (see \fIed\fR(1)) facility is available
51: within `pattern'.
52: With `\-search', `pattern' is used directly,
53: and with the others, the grep pattern constructed is:
54:
55: .ti +.5i
56: \*(lqcomponent[ \\t]*:\&.*pattern\*(rq
57:
58: This means that the pattern specified for a `\-search' will be
59: found everywhere in the message, including the header and the body,
60: while the other pattern matching requests are limited to the single
61: specified component.
62: The expression
63:
64: .ti +.5i
65: `\-\-component\ pattern'
66:
67: is a shorthand for specifying
68:
69: .ti +.5i
70: `\-search \*(lqcomponent[ \\t]*:\&.*pattern\*(rq\ '
71:
72: It is used to pick a component which is not one of
73: \*(lqTo:\*(rq, \*(lqcc:\*(rq, \*(lqDate:\*(rq, \*(lqFrom:\*(rq,
74: or \*(lqSubject:\*(rq.
75: An example is `pick\0\-\-reply\-to\0pooh'.
76:
77: Pattern matching is performed on a per\-line basis.
78: Within the header of
79: the message, each component is treated as one long line, but in
80: the body, each line is separate.
81: Lower\-case letters in the
82: search pattern will match either lower or upper case in the
83: message, while upper case will match only upper case.
84:
85: Independent of any pattern matching operations requested,
86: the switches `\-after date' or `\-before date' may also be used
87: to introduce date/time contraints on all of the messages.
88: By default, the \*(lqDate:\*(rq field is consulted,
89: but if another date yielding field
90: (such as \*(lqBB\-Posted:\*(rq or \*(lqDelivery\-Date:\*(rq) should be used,
91: the `\-datefield\ field' switch may be used.
92: \fIPick\fR will actually parse the date fields in each of the messages
93: specified in `msgs'
94: (unlike the `\-date' switch described above which does a pattern matching
95: operation),
96: and compare them to the date/time specified by use of the `\-after'
97: and `\-before' switches.
98: If `\-after' is given,
99: then only those messages whose \*(lqDate:\*(rq field value
100: is chronologically after
101: the date specified will be considered.
102: The `\-before' switch specifies the complimentary action.
103:
104: Both the `\-after' and `\-before' switches take legal 822\-style date
105: specifications as arguments.
106: \fIPick\fR will default certain missing fields so that the entire date
107: need not be specified.
108: These fields are (in order of defaulting):
109: timezone, time and timezone, date, date and timezone.
110: All defaults are taken from the current date, time, and timezone.
111: In addition to 822\-style dates,
112: \fIpick\fR will also recognize any of the days of the week
113: (\*(lqsunday\*(rq, \*(lqmonday\*(rq, and so on),
114: and the special dates
115: \*(lqtoday\*(rq, \*(lqyesterday\*(rq, and \*(lqtomorrow\*(rq.
116: All days of the week are judged to refer to a day in the past
117: (e.g., telling \fIpick\fR \*(lqsaturday\*(rq on
118: a \*(lqtuesday\*(rq means \*(lqlast\ saturday\*(rq
119: not \*(lqthis\ saturday\*(rq).
120: Finally, in addition to these special specifications,
121: \fIpick\fR will also honor a specification of the form \*(lq\-dd\*(rq,
122: which means \*(lqdd days ago\*(rq.
123:
124: \fIPick\fR supports complex boolean operations on the searching primitives
125: with the `\-and', `\-or', `\-not', and `\-lbrace\ ...\ \-rbrace' switches.
126: For example,
127:
128: .ti +.5i
129: pick\0\-after\0yesterday\0\-and\0\-lbrace\0\-from\0freida\0\-or\0\-from\0fear\0\-rbrace
130:
131: identifies messages recently sent by \*(lqfrieda\*(rq or \*(lqfear\*(rq.
132:
133: The matching primitives take precedence over the `\-not' switch,
134: which in turn takes precedence over `\-and'
135: which in turn takes precedence over `\-or'.
136: To override the default precedence,
137: the `\-lbrace' and `\-rbrace' switches are provided,
138: which act just like opening and closing parentheses in logical expressions.
139:
140: Once the search has been performed,
141: if the `\-list' switch is given,
142: the message numbers of the selected messages are written to the standard
143: output separated by newlines.
144: This is \fIextremely\fR useful for quickly generating arguments for other
145: \fIMH\fR programs by using the \*(lqbackquoting\*(rq syntax of the shell.
146: For example,
147: the command
148:
149: .ti +.5i
150: scan\0`pick\0+todo\0\-after\0\*(lq31 Mar 83 0123 PST\*(rq`
151:
152: says to \fIscan\fR those messages in the indicated folder which meet the
153: appropriate criterion.
154: Note that since \fIpick\fR\0's context changes are written out prior to
155: \fIscan\fR\0's invocation,
156: you need not give the folder argument to \fIscan\fR as well.
157:
158: Regardless of the operation of the `\-list' switch,
159: the `\-sequence name' switch may be given once for each sequence the user
160: wishes to define.
161: For each sequence named,
162: that sequence will be defined to mean exactly those messages selected by
163: \fIpick\fR.
164: For example,
165:
166: .ti +.5i
167: pick\0\-from\0frated\0\-seq\0fred
168:
169: defines a new message sequence for the current folder called \*(lqfred\*(rq
170: which contains exactly those messages that were selected.
171:
172: Note that whenever \fIpick\fR processes a `\-sequence\ name' switch,
173: it sets `\-nolist'.
174:
175: By default, \fIpick\fR will zero the sequence before adding it.
176: This action can be disabled with the `\-nozero' switch,
177: which means that the messages selected by \fIpick\fR will be added to the
178: sequence, if it already exists, and any messages already a part of that
179: sequence will remain so.
180:
181: The `\-public' and `\-nopublic' switches are used by \fIpick\fR in the same
182: way \fImark\fR uses them.
183: .Fi
184: ^$HOME/\&.mh\(ruprofile~^The user profile
185: .Pr
186: ^Path:~^To determine the user's MH directory
187: .Ps
188: ^Current\-Folder:~^To find the default current folder
189: .Sa
190: mark(1)
191: .De
192: `+folder' defaults to the current folder
193: .Ds
194: `msgs' defaults to all
195: .Ds
196: `\-datefield date'
197: .Ds
198: `\-nopublic' if the folder is read\-only, `\-public' otherwise
199: .Ds
200: `\-zero'
201: .Ds
202: `\-list' is the default if no `\-sequence', `\-nolist' otherwise
203: .Co
204: If a folder is given, it will become the current folder.
205: .Hi
206: In previous versions of \fIMH\fR,
207: the \fIpick\fR command would \fIshow\fR, \fIscan\fR, or \fIrefile\fR the
208: selected messages.
209: This was rather \*(lqinverted logic\*(rq from the UNIX point of view,
210: so \fIpick\fR was changed to define sequences and output those sequences.
211: Hence, \fIpick\fR can be used to generate the arguments for all other
212: \fIMH\fR commands,
213: instead of giving \fIpick\fR endless switches for invoking those commands
214: itself.
215:
216: Also, previous versions of \fIpick\fR balked if you didn't specify a search
217: string or a date/time constraint.
218: The current version does not, and merely matches the messages you specify.
219: This lets you type something like:
220:
221: .ti +.5i
222: show\0`pick\0last:20\0\-seq\0fear`
223:
224: instead of typing
225:
226: .in +.5i
227: .nf
228: mark\0\-add\0\-nozero\0\-seq\0fear\0last:20
229: show\0fear
230: .fi
231: .in -.5i
232:
233: Finally,
234: timezones used to be ignored when comparing dates:
235: they aren't any more.
236: .Bu
237: The argument to the `\-after' and `\-before' switches must be interpreted
238: as a single token by the shell that invokes \fIpick\fR.
239: Therefore,
240: one must usually place the argument to this switch inside double\-quotes.
241: Furthermore,
242: any occurance of `\-datefield' must occur prior to the `\-after'
243: or `\-before' switch it applies to.
244:
245: If \fIpick\fR is used in a back\-quoted operation,
246: such as
247:
248: .ti +.5i
249: scan\0`pick\0\-from\0jones`
250:
251: and \fIpick\fR fails (e.g., no messages are from \*(lqjones\*(rq),
252: then the shell will still run the outer command (e.g., \*(lqscan\*(rq).
253: Since no messages were matched,
254: \fIpick\fR produced no output,
255: and the argument given to the outer command as a result of backquoting
256: \fIpick\fR is empty.
257: In the case of \fIMH\fR programs,
258: the outer command now acts as if the default `msg' or `msgs' should be used
259: (e.g., \*(lqall\*(rq in the case of \fIscan\fR\0).
260: To prevent this unexpected behavior,
261: if `\-list' was given,
262: and if its standard output is not a tty,
263: then \fIpick\fR outputs the illegal message number \*(lq0\*(rq when it fails.
264: This lets the outer command fail gracefully as well.
265: .En
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