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1.1 ! root 1: \".fp 3 H ! 2: \" no Helvetica on dandelion printer ! 3: .fp 3 El ! 4: .po .5i ! 5: .de I ! 6: .ft 2 ! 7: .. ! 8: .de R ! 9: .ft 1 ! 10: .. ! 11: .de B ! 12: .bd R 2 ! 13: \\$1 ! 14: .bd R ! 15: .. ! 16: .de hh ! 17: .br ! 18: .vs 10p ! 19: .ps 12 ! 20: .bd 1 3 ! 21: .ce ! 22: \\$1 ! 23: .ps 9 ! 24: .br ! 25: .bd 1 ! 26: .sp ! 27: .. ! 28: .de NP ! 29: 'po 0 ! 30: .ps 9 ! 31: .ta .25i 3.75i 7.25i 7.7i ! 32: \(rn\t|\t|\t|\t\(rn ! 33: 'po ! 34: 'sp .2i ! 35: .mk z ! 36: .. ! 37: .de FT ! 38: .po 0 ! 39: .ps 9 ! 40: .ta .25i 3.75i 7.25i ! 41: | | | ! 42: .po .5i ! 43: .. ! 44: .wh -8p FT ! 45: .de b1 ! 46: .br ! 47: .tm left col bottom at \\n(nl ! 48: .po +3.5i ! 49: .sp |\\nzu ! 50: .ph ! 51: .. ! 52: .de b2 ! 53: .br ! 54: .tm right col bottom at \\n(nl ! 55: .po -3.5i ! 56: .bp ! 57: .ph ! 58: .. ! 59: .de ph ! 60: .nr x +1 ! 61: .tl ''\\nx'' ! 62: .sp .2i ! 63: .. ! 64: .nr x 1 ! 65: .wh 0 NP ! 66: .ll 3i ! 67: .lt 3i ! 68: .nr LL 3i ! 69: .nr IQ 4 ! 70: .nr IR 4 ! 71: .de IP ! 72: .RT ! 73: .if \\n(IP=0 .nr IP +1 ! 74: .if \\n(.$ .LB "\\$1" ! 75: .if !\\n(.$ .LB ! 76: .. ! 77: .de RT ! 78: .if \\n(IP .in -\\n(IQn ! 79: .if \\n(IP .nr IP -1 ! 80: .. ! 81: .de LP ! 82: .RT ! 83: .ti 0 ! 84: .ne 3 ! 85: .if \\n(.$ .LB \\$1 ! 86: .. ! 87: .de LB ! 88: .in +\\n(IQn ! 89: .ta \\n(IQn ! 90: .if \\n(.$ .ti -\\n(IQn ! 91: .if \\n(.$ \\$1\t\c ! 92: .. ! 93: .de RS ! 94: .in +\\n(IRn ! 95: .. ! 96: . \"RE - retreat to the left ! 97: .de RE ! 98: .br ! 99: .in -\\n(IRn ! 100: .. ! 101: .br ! 102: .rs ! 103: .sp .5i ! 104: .ps 14 ! 105: .vs 16p ! 106: .ce 3 ! 107: A Guide to Preparing ! 108: Documents with \-ms ! 109: .sp ! 110: .ps 10 ! 111: .vs 12p ! 112: .ft I ! 113: .ce ! 114: M. E. Lesk ! 115: .ft R ! 116: .lt \n(.lu ! 117: .sp .5 ! 118: .tl 'Bell Laboratories''August 1978' ! 119: .sp .5 ! 120: .tl xx\l'\n(.lu'xx ! 121: .sp 1 ! 122: .bd I 2 ! 123: .vs 11p ! 124: .fi ! 125: This guide gives some simple examples of ! 126: document preparation on Bell Labs computers, ! 127: emphasizing the use of the \fI\-ms\fR macro ! 128: package. ! 129: It enormously abbreviates ! 130: information in ! 131: .IP 1. ! 132: .I ! 133: Typing Documents on the UNIX System ! 134: .R ! 135: by M. E. Lesk; ! 136: .IP 2. ! 137: .I ! 138: Typesetting Mathematics \- User's Guide, ! 139: .R ! 140: by B. W. Kernighan and L. L. Cherry; and ! 141: .IP 3. ! 142: .I ! 143: Tbl \- A Program to Format Tables, ! 144: .R ! 145: by M. E. Lesk. ! 146: .LP ! 147: These memos are all included in the ! 148: .I ! 149: UNIX User Supplementary Documents. ! 150: .R ! 151: The new user should also have ! 152: .I ! 153: A Tutorial Introduction to the UNIX Text Editor, ! 154: .R ! 155: by B. W. Kernighan. ! 156: .sp .5 ! 157: For more detailed information, read ! 158: .I ! 159: Advanced Editing on UNIX ! 160: .R ! 161: and ! 162: .I ! 163: A Troff Tutorial, ! 164: .R ! 165: by B. W. Kernighan, ! 166: and (for experts) ! 167: .I ! 168: Nroff\^/Troff Reference Manual ! 169: .R ! 170: by J. F. Ossanna. ! 171: Information on related commands is ! 172: found in ! 173: .I ! 174: UNIX for Beginners ! 175: .R ! 176: by B. W. Kernighan ! 177: and the ! 178: .I ! 179: UNIX User's Manual. ! 180: .R ! 181: .br ! 182: .vs 12p ! 183: .sp 1.5 ! 184: .ce ! 185: .ps +2 ! 186: Contents ! 187: .nf ! 188: .ps ! 189: .sp .5 ! 190: .in .2i ! 191: .bd I ! 192: .ta 2.4i ! 193: .cs I 25 ! 194: A TM \fI&\fR 2 ! 195: A released paper \fI&\fR 3 ! 196: An internal memo, and headings \fI&\fR 4 ! 197: Lists, displays, and footnotes \fI&\fR 5 ! 198: Indents, keeps, and double column \fI&\fR 6 ! 199: Equations and registers \fI&\fR 7 ! 200: Tables and usage \fI&\fR 8 ! 201: .in 0 ! 202: .cs I ! 203: .sp 1 ! 204: .fi ! 205: .EQ ! 206: delim $$ ! 207: .EN ! 208: Throughout the examples, input is shown in ! 209: .ft 3 ! 210: .br ! 211: .ti +2n ! 212: this sans serif font ! 213: .ft R ! 214: .br ! 215: while the resulting output is shown in ! 216: .ti +2n ! 217: this Roman font. ! 218: .nf ! 219: .sp 2 ! 220: .ce ! 221: UNIX Document no. 1111 ! 222: .ps 9 ! 223: .vs 10p ! 224: .EQ ! 225: gsize 9 ! 226: .EN ! 227: .b1 ! 228: .hh "Commands for a TM" ! 229: .nf ! 230: .ft 3 ! 231: \&.TM 1978-5b3 99999 99999-11 ! 232: \&.ND April 1, 1976 ! 233: \&.TL ! 234: \&The Role of the Allen Wrench in Modern ! 235: \&Electronics ! 236: \&.AU "MH 2G-111" 2345 ! 237: \&J. Q. Pencilpusher ! 238: \&.AU "MH 1K-222" 5432 ! 239: \&X. Y. Hardwired ! 240: \&.AI ! 241: \&.MH ! 242: \&.OK ! 243: \&Tools ! 244: \&Design ! 245: \&.AB ! 246: \&This abstract should be short enough to fit ! 247: \&on a single page cover sheet. It must attract ! 248: \&the reader into sending for the complete report. ! 249: \&.AE ! 250: \&.CS 10 2 12 5 6 7 ! 251: \&.NH ! 252: \&Introduction. ! 253: \&.PP ! 254: \&Now the first paragraph of actual text ... ! 255: \&... ! 256: \&Last line of text. ! 257: \&.SG MH-1234-JQP/XYH-unix ! 258: \&.NH ! 259: \&References ... ! 260: .ft ! 261: .sp ! 262: .fi ! 263: Commands not needed in a particular ! 264: format are ignored. ! 265: .sp ! 266: .ps 8 ! 267: .vs 9p ! 268: .mk a ! 269: .sp .20i ! 270: .ll 3i ! 271: .nf ! 272: \h'2n'\s16\(bs\s7 $fat roman size 7 "Bell Laboratories"$ \s8Cover Sheet for TM ! 273: .sp ! 274: \s6\l'3i' ! 275: .fi ! 276: .ps 7 ! 277: .ft 2 ! 278: .sp 1p ! 279: This information is for employees of Bell Laboratories. (GEI 13.9-3)\p ! 280: .ft 1 ! 281: .nf ! 282: .vs 4p ! 283: \s6\l'3i' ! 284: .vs 9p ! 285: .sp ! 286: .ll 3.0i ! 287: .ps 7 ! 288: .ta .25i 2.25i 2.45i ! 289: .mk ! 290: Title- \s8 ! 291: .rt ! 292: .in .25i ! 293: .hy 0 ! 294: .bd 1 2 ! 295: The Role of the Allen Wrench ! 296: in Modern Electronics ! 297: .hy 14 ! 298: .br ! 299: .bd 1 ! 300: .rt ! 301: .ll \\n(LLu ! 302: .in 2.1i ! 303: \s7Date- \s8 ! 304: .rt ! 305: .in 2.35i ! 306: .bd 1 2 ! 307: .ps 8 ! 308: April 1, 1976 ! 309: .sp ! 310: .bd 1 ! 311: .ti 2.1i ! 312: .mk ! 313: \s7TM- \s8 ! 314: .br ! 315: .rt ! 316: .bd 1 2 ! 317: 1978-5b3 ! 318: .rt ! 319: .in 0 ! 320: .bd 1 ! 321: .sp ! 322: .mk ! 323: \s7Other Keywords- \kQ ! 324: .rt ! 325: .in \nQu ! 326: .bd 1 2 ! 327: .ps 8 ! 328: Tools ! 329: Design ! 330: .rm OK ! 331: .rm OD ! 332: .in 0 ! 333: .bd 1 ! 334: .if t .sp .30i ! 335: .ps 7 ! 336: .ta 1.05i 1.7i 2.0i ! 337: Author Location Ext. Charging Case- \s8$fat roman size 8 99999$ ! 338: .nf ! 339: .mk ! 340: .bd 1 2 ! 341: .ps 8 ! 342: J. Q. Pencilpusher MH 2G-111 2345 ! 343: .rt ! 344: .br ! 345: .bd 1 ! 346: \s7Filing Case- \s8$fat roman size 8 "99999a"$ ! 347: .br ! 348: .bd 1 2 ! 349: X. Y. Hardwired MH 1K-222 5432 ! 350: .sp .2i ! 351: .bd 1 ! 352: .br ! 353: .ll 3i ! 354: .ce ! 355: .ft I ! 356: ABSTRACT ! 357: .ft 1 ! 358: .sp ! 359: .fi ! 360: .ps 8 ! 361: .ll 2.5i ! 362: .in +.25i ! 363: .ti +2 ! 364: This abstract should be short enough to fit ! 365: on a single page cover sheet. ! 366: It must attract the reader into sending for the ! 367: complete report. ! 368: .in ! 369: .ll ! 370: .sp .3i ! 371: .nf ! 372: \l'3i' ! 373: .ta .9i 1.8i 2.7i ! 374: .sp 5p ! 375: Pages Text 10 Other 2 Total 12 ! 376: .if t .sp 8p ! 377: .if n .sp ! 378: .if t No. Figures 5 No. Tables 6 No. Refs. 7 \b'|||||\ \ ' ! 379: \l'3i' ! 380: .ps 6 ! 381: .if n .sp ! 382: .lt 3i ! 383: .tl 'E-1932-U (6-73)''SEE REVERSE SIDE FOR DISTRIBUTION LIST' ! 384: .sp .20i ! 385: .de eb ! 386: .sp -1 ! 387: .nf ! 388: \h'-1m'\L'|\\nau-1'\l'\\n(.lu+2m\(ul'\L'-|\\nau+1'\l'|0u-1m\(ul' ! 389: .fi ! 390: .. ! 391: .eb ! 392: .b2 ! 393: .hh "A Released Paper with Mathematics" ! 394: .ft 3 ! 395: .nf ! 396: .EQ ! 397: delim off ! 398: .EN ! 399: \&.EQ ! 400: \&delim $$ ! 401: \&.EN ! 402: \&.RP ! 403: .sp ! 404: .ft 1 ! 405: \&... (as for a TM) ! 406: .sp ! 407: .ft 3 ! 408: \&.CS 10 2 12 5 6 7 ! 409: \&.NH ! 410: \&Introduction ! 411: \&.PP ! 412: \&The solution to the torque handle equation ! 413: \&.EQ (1) ! 414: \&sum from 0 to inf F ( x sub i ) = G ( x ) ! 415: \&.EN ! 416: \&is found with the transformation $ x = rho over ! 417: \&theta $ where $ rho = G prime (x) $ and $theta$ ! 418: \&is derived ... ! 419: .ft 1 ! 420: .sp 2 ! 421: .mk a ! 422: .ll 3i ! 423: .ps 9 ! 424: .bd 1 2 ! 425: .sp .4i ! 426: .ce 2 ! 427: .vs 11p ! 428: The Role of the Allen Wrench ! 429: in Modern Electronics ! 430: .sp .7 ! 431: .ce 3 ! 432: .ft 2 ! 433: .bd 1 ! 434: .ps 8 ! 435: .vs 9p ! 436: J. Q. Pencilpusher ! 437: .sp .7 ! 438: X. Y. Hardwired ! 439: .sp .7 ! 440: .ce 2 ! 441: .ft 1 ! 442: Bell Laboratories ! 443: Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974 ! 444: .sp 2 ! 445: .ce ! 446: .ft 2 ! 447: ABSTRACT ! 448: .ft 1 ! 449: .sp .7 ! 450: .in +.25i ! 451: .ll 2.75i ! 452: .fi ! 453: .ad ! 454: .ti +2n ! 455: This abstract should be short enough to fit ! 456: on a single page cover sheet. ! 457: It must attract the reader into sending for the ! 458: complete memorandum. ! 459: .sp 5v ! 460: .in ! 461: .ll ! 462: April 1, 1976 ! 463: .sp .2i ! 464: .eb ! 465: .ll 3i ! 466: .sp .5v ! 467: .sp 3.5p ! 468: .mk a ! 469: .lt 3i ! 470: .ps 9 ! 471: .sp .25i ! 472: .bd 1 2 ! 473: .ce 2 ! 474: .vs 11p ! 475: The Role of the Allen Wrench ! 476: in Modern Electronics ! 477: .sp ! 478: .ce 3 ! 479: .bd 1 ! 480: .ft 2 ! 481: .ps 8 ! 482: .vs 9p ! 483: J. Q. Pencilpusher ! 484: .sp ! 485: X. Y. Hardwired ! 486: .sp ! 487: .ce 2 ! 488: .ft 1 ! 489: Bell Laboratories ! 490: Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974 ! 491: .sp 3 ! 492: .ce ! 493: .de SH ! 494: .bd 1 2 ! 495: .sp ! 496: .ce 0 ! 497: .in 0 ! 498: .. ! 499: .de PP ! 500: .sp .3 ! 501: .ft 1 ! 502: .bd 1 ! 503: .ti +2n ! 504: .. ! 505: .SH ! 506: 1. Introduction ! 507: .PP ! 508: The solution to the torque handle equation ! 509: .br ! 510: .di xx ! 511: .EQ ! 512: delim $$ ! 513: gsize 8 ! 514: sum from 0 to inf F ( x sub i ) = G ( x ) ! 515: .EN ! 516: .br ! 517: .di ! 518: .tl ''\*(10'(1)' ! 519: is found with the transformation ! 520: $ x = rho over theta $ where $ rho = G prime ( x )$ ! 521: and $theta$ is derived from well-known principles. ! 522: ......PP ! 523: ......ft 2 ! 524: .....The Ascent of the Riffelberg, ! 525: ......ft 1 ! 526: .....by Mark Twain. ! 527: .....I sat silent some time, then turned to Harris and said: ! 528: .....``My mind is made up.'' ! 529: .....Something in my tone struck him; and when he glanced ! 530: .....at my eye and read what was written there, his face paled ! 531: .....perceptibly. He hesitated a moment, then said: ! 532: .....``Speak.'' ! 533: .....I answered, with perfect calmness: ! 534: ......ft 2 ! 535: .....``I will ascend the Riffelberg.'' ! 536: ......ft 1 ! 537: .....If I had shot my poor friend he could not have fallen from ! 538: .....his chair more suddenly. If I had been his father he ! 539: .....could not have pleaded harder to get me to give up my ! 540: .....purpose. But I turned a deaf ear to all he said. When he ! 541: .....perceived at last that nothing could alter my determination, ! 542: .....he ceased to urge, and for a while the deep\p ! 543: .sp .5v ! 544: .sp 3.5p ! 545: .eb ! 546: .b1 ! 547: .hh "An Internal Memorandum" ! 548: .ft 3 ! 549: .nf ! 550: \&.IM ! 551: \&.ND January 24, 1956 ! 552: \&.TL ! 553: \&The 1956 Consent Decree ! 554: \&.AU ! 555: \&Able, Baker & ! 556: \&Charley, Attys. ! 557: \&.PP ! 558: Plaintiff, United States of America, having filed ! 559: its complaint herein on January 14, 1949; the ! 560: defendants having appeared and filed their ! 561: answer to such complaint denying the ! 562: substantive allegations thereof; and the parties, ! 563: by their attorneys, ... ! 564: .ft ! 565: .sp ! 566: .ft 1 ! 567: .mk a ! 568: .br ! 569: .sp .20i ! 570: .ta 2.1i ! 571: .ll 3i ! 572: .ps 18 ! 573: .br ! 574: \(bs ! 575: .vs .20i ! 576: .ps 7 ! 577: .br ! 578: .bd 1 2 ! 579: .nf ! 580: Bell Laboratories ! 581: .fi ! 582: .na ! 583: .bd 1 ! 584: .ps 7 ! 585: .vs 8p ! 586: .sp .12i ! 587: .mk ! 588: .fi ! 589: .ll ! 590: .ll 2.0i ! 591: Subject: ! 592: .ps 8 ! 593: .hy 0 ! 594: .br ! 595: .bd 1 2 ! 596: .sp -1 ! 597: \h'\w'\s7Subject: \s0'u'The 1956 Consent Decree ! 598: .hy 14 ! 599: .br ! 600: .bd 1 ! 601: .rt ! 602: .ll 3.25i ! 603: .in 2.10i ! 604: .ps 7 ! 605: .mk ! 606: .ti -6n ! 607: date: ! 608: .br ! 609: .bd 1 2 ! 610: .rt ! 611: .ps 8 ! 612: January 24, 1956 ! 613: .sp ! 614: .bd 1 ! 615: .ps 7 ! 616: .mk ! 617: .ti -6n ! 618: from: ! 619: .ps 8 ! 620: .nf ! 621: .br ! 622: .bd 1 2 ! 623: .rt ! 624: Able, Baker & ! 625: Charley, Attys. ! 626: .br ! 627: .bd 1 ! 628: .sp ! 629: .sp ! 630: .ll 3i ! 631: .ad ! 632: .fi ! 633: .in 0 ! 634: .de SH ! 635: .sp .5 ! 636: .bd 1 2 ! 637: .. ! 638: .de PP ! 639: .sp .3 ! 640: .bd 1 ! 641: .ti +2n ! 642: .. ! 643: .PP ! 644: Plaintiff, United States of America, having filed its complaint ! 645: herein on January 14, 1949; the defendants having appeared and ! 646: filed their answer to such complaint denying the substantive ! 647: allegations thereof; and the parties, by their attorneys, having ! 648: severally consented to the entry of this Final Judgment without ! 649: trial or adjudication of any issues of fact or law herein and without ! 650: this Final Judgment constituting any evidence or admission by any ! 651: party in respect of any such issues; ! 652: .PP ! 653: Now, therefore before any testimony has been taken herein, and ! 654: without trial or adjudication of any issue of fact or law herein, ! 655: and upon the consent of all parties hereto, it is hereby ! 656: .PP ! 657: Ordered, adjudged and decreed as follows: ! 658: .SH ! 659: I. ! 660: [Sherman Act] ! 661: .PP ! 662: This Court has jurisdiction of the subject matter herein and of all ! 663: the parties hereto. ! 664: The complaint states a claim upon which relief may be granted ! 665: against each of the defendants under Sections 1, 2 and 3 of the ! 666: Act of Congress of July 2, 1890, entitled ``An act to protect ! 667: trade and commerce against unlawful restraints and monopolies,'' ! 668: commonly known as the Sherman Act, as amended. ! 669: .SH ! 670: II. ! 671: [Definitions] ! 672: .PP ! 673: For the purposes of this Final Judgment: ! 674: .PP ! 675: (a) ``Western'' shall mean the defendant Western Electric ! 676: Company, Incorporated. ! 677: .sp .25i ! 678: .eb ! 679: .sp ! 680: .ft 1 ! 681: .bd 1 ! 682: ! 683: .ps 9 ! 684: .vs 10p ! 685: Other formats possible (specify before \f3.TL\f1) are: ! 686: \&\f3.MR\f1 (``memo for record''), \f3.MF\f1 ! 687: (``memo for file''), ! 688: \&\f3.EG\f1 (``engineer's notes'') and \f3.TR\f1 ! 689: (Computing Science Tech. Report). ! 690: .sp 2 ! 691: .hh "Headings" ! 692: .sp .5 ! 693: .nf ! 694: .ft 3 ! 695: .ta 2i ! 696: \&.NH .SH ! 697: Introduction. Appendix I ! 698: \&.PP .PP ! 699: text text text text text text ! 700: .ft 1 ! 701: .bd 1 2 ! 702: .sp ! 703: .br ! 704: 1. Introduction Appendix I ! 705: .br ! 706: .sp .3v ! 707: .bd 1 ! 708: \0\0text text text \0\0text text text ! 709: .br ! 710: .b2 ! 711: .hh "A Simple List" ! 712: .ft 3 ! 713: .nf ! 714: \&.IP 1. ! 715: \&J. Pencilpusher and X. Hardwired, ! 716: \&.I ! 717: \&A New Kind of Set Screw, ! 718: \&.R ! 719: \&Proc. IEEE ! 720: \&.B 75 ! 721: \&(1976), 23-255. ! 722: \&.IP 2. ! 723: \&H. Nails and R. Irons, ! 724: \&.I ! 725: \&Fasteners for Printed Circuit Boards, ! 726: \&.R ! 727: \&Proc. ASME ! 728: \&.B 23 ! 729: \&(1974), 23-24. ! 730: \&.LP \fP(terminates list) ! 731: .sp 1.5 ! 732: .EQ ! 733: delim $$ ! 734: gsize 9 ! 735: .EN ! 736: .fi ! 737: .IP 1. ! 738: J. Pencilpusher and X. Hardwired, ! 739: .I ! 740: A New Kind of Set Screw, ! 741: .R ! 742: Proc. IEEE ! 743: $fat 75$ ! 744: (1976), 23-255. ! 745: .IP 2. ! 746: H. Nails and R. Irons, ! 747: .I ! 748: Fasteners for Printed Circuit Boards, ! 749: .R ! 750: Proc. ASME ! 751: $fat 23$ ! 752: (1974), 23-24. ! 753: .LP ! 754: .sp 2 ! 755: .EQ ! 756: delim off ! 757: .EN ! 758: .hh "Displays" ! 759: .nf ! 760: .ft 3 ! 761: \&text text text text text text ! 762: \&.DS ! 763: \&and now ! 764: \&for something ! 765: \&completely different ! 766: \&.DE ! 767: \&text text text text text text ! 768: .ft ! 769: .sp 1 ! 770: .fi ! 771: hoboken harrison newark roseville avenue grove street ! 772: east orange brick church orange highland avenue ! 773: mountain station south orange maplewood millburn short hills ! 774: summit new providence ! 775: .in .4i ! 776: .sp .5 ! 777: .nf ! 778: and now ! 779: for something ! 780: completely different ! 781: .sp .5 ! 782: .in ! 783: .fi ! 784: murray hill berkeley heights ! 785: gillette stirling millington lyons basking ridge ! 786: bernardsville far hills peapack gladstone ! 787: .sp .5 ! 788: Options: \f3.DS L\f1: left-adjust; ! 789: \&\f3.DS C\f1: line-by-line center; \f3.DS B\f1: make block, then center. ! 790: .sp 2 ! 791: .hh "Footnotes" ! 792: .nf ! 793: .ft 3 ! 794: \&Among the most important occupants ! 795: \&of the workbench are the long-nosed pliers. ! 796: \&Without these basic tools* ! 797: \&.FS ! 798: \&* As first shown by Tiger & Leopard ! 799: \&(1975). ! 800: \&.FE ! 801: \&few assemblies could be completed. They may ! 802: \&lack the popular appeal of the sledgehammer ! 803: .ft ! 804: .sp 1.5 ! 805: .fi ! 806: Among the most important occupants ! 807: of the workbench are the long-nosed ! 808: pliers. ! 809: Without these basic tools* ! 810: few assemblies could be completed. ! 811: They may lack the ! 812: popular appeal of the sledgehammer ! 813: .br ! 814: \l'1i' ! 815: .ps -1 ! 816: .br ! 817: * As first shown by Tiger & Leopard (1975). ! 818: .ps ! 819: .br ! 820: .nf ! 821: .b1 ! 822: .hh "Multiple Indents" ! 823: .ft 3 ! 824: \&This is ordinary text to point out ! 825: \&the margins of the page. ! 826: \&.IP 1. ! 827: \&First level item ! 828: \&.RS ! 829: \&.IP a) ! 830: \&Second level. ! 831: \&.IP b) ! 832: \&Continued here with another second ! 833: \&level item, but somewhat longer. ! 834: \&.RE ! 835: \&.IP 2. ! 836: \&Return to previous value of the ! 837: \&indenting at this point. ! 838: \&.IP 3. ! 839: \&Another ! 840: \&line. ! 841: .ft ! 842: .sp 1.5v ! 843: .fi ! 844: This is ordinary text to point out ! 845: the margins of the page. ! 846: .IP 1. ! 847: First level item ! 848: .RS ! 849: .IP a) ! 850: Second level. ! 851: .IP b) ! 852: Continued here with another second level ! 853: item, but somewhat longer. ! 854: .RE ! 855: .IP 2. ! 856: Return to previous value of the ! 857: indenting at this point. ! 858: .IP 3. ! 859: Another ! 860: line. ! 861: .LP ! 862: .sp 2 ! 863: .hh "Keeps" ! 864: .fi ! 865: Lines bracketed by the following commands are kept together, ! 866: and will appear entirely on one page: ! 867: .TS ! 868: center; ! 869: Lf3 5 L8 Lf3 5 L. ! 870: \&.KS not moved .KF may float ! 871: \&.KE through text .KE in text ! 872: .TE ! 873: .nf ! 874: .sp 2 ! 875: .hh "Double Column" ! 876: .nf ! 877: .hy 0 ! 878: .ft 3 ! 879: \&.TL ! 880: The Declaration of Independence ! 881: \&.2C ! 882: .na ! 883: .fi ! 884: \&.PP ! 885: .br ! 886: When in the course of human events, it becomes ! 887: necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds ! 888: which have connected them with another, and to assume ! 889: among the powers of the earth the separate and equal station ! 890: to which the laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, ! 891: a decent respect to the opinions of ! 892: .ft ! 893: .de xy ! 894: .if \\n(xy=0 'rt ! 895: .if \\n(xy=0 'po +1.58i ! 896: .nr xy +1 ! 897: .. ! 898: .wh 10.45i xy ! 899: .br ! 900: .ad ! 901: .hy 1 ! 902: .sp 1.5 ! 903: .ce ! 904: The Declaration of Independence ! 905: .sp .5 ! 906: .ll 1.42i ! 907: .mk ! 908: .fi ! 909: .ti +2n ! 910: When in the course of human events, it becomes ! 911: necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have ! 912: connected them with another, and to assume among the ! 913: powers of the earth the separate and equal station to which ! 914: the laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent ! 915: respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should ! 916: declare the causes which impel them to the separation. ! 917: .ti +2n ! 918: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men ! 919: are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator ! 920: with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, ! 921: and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, ! 922: governments are instituted among men,\p ! 923: .br ! 924: .po -1.58i ! 925: .ll 3i ! 926: .lt 3i ! 927: .rm xy ! 928: .b2 ! 929: .hh "Equations" ! 930: .nf ! 931: .de EQ \"equation, breakout and display ! 932: .nr EF \\n(.u ! 933: .rm EE ! 934: .nr LE 1 \" 1 is center ! 935: .ds EL \\$1 ! 936: .if "\\$1"L" .ds EL \\$2 ! 937: .if "\\$1"L" .nr LE 0 ! 938: .if "\\$1"C" .ds EL \\$2 ! 939: .if "\\$1"I" .nr LE 0 ! 940: .if "\\$1"I" .ds EE \\h'5n' ! 941: .if "\\$1"I" .if !"\\$3"" .ds EE \\h'\\$3n' ! 942: .if "\\$1"I" .ds EL \\$2 ! 943: .nf ! 944: .di EZ ! 945: .. ! 946: .de EN \" end of a displayed equation ! 947: .di ! 948: .rm EZ ! 949: .lt \\n(.lu ! 950: .pc ! 951: .if \\n(dn>0 .if \\n(LE>0 .tl \(ts\(ts\\*(10\(ts\\*(EL\(ts ! 952: .if \\n(dn>0 .if \\n(LE=0 .tl '\\*(EE\\*(10''\\*(EL' ! 953: .pc % ! 954: .lt \\n(LLu ! 955: .if \\n(EF>0 .fi ! 956: .rm EL ! 957: .rm 10 ! 958: .nr PE \\n(.d ! 959: .. ! 960: .ft 3 ! 961: A displayed equation is marked ! 962: with an equation number at the right margin ! 963: by adding an argument to the EQ line: ! 964: \&.EQ (1.3) ! 965: x sup 2 over a sup 2 ~=~ sqrt {p z sup 2 +qz+r} ! 966: \&.EN ! 967: .ft ! 968: .sp ! 969: .fi ! 970: A displayed equation is marked with an equation number ! 971: at the right margin by adding an argument to the EQ line: ! 972: .sp .4 ! 973: .EQ (1.3) ! 974: x sup 2 over a sup 2 ! 975: ~=~ sqrt { p z sup 2 + q z + r } ! 976: .EN ! 977: .sp ! 978: .nf ! 979: .ft 3 ! 980: \&.EQ I (2.2a) ! 981: bold V bar sub nu~=~left [ pile {a above b above ! 982: c } right ] + left [ matrix { col { A(11) above . ! 983: above . } col { . above . above .} col {. above . ! 984: above A(33) }} right ] cdot left [ pile { alpha ! 985: above beta above gamma } right ] ! 986: .nf ! 987: \&.EN ! 988: .ft ! 989: .sp ! 990: .EQ I (2.2a) ! 991: fat {roman V} bar sub nu~=~left [ pile {a above b above c} ! 992: right ] + left [ matrix { col { A(11) above . ! 993: above . } col { . above . above .} col {. above . ! 994: above A(33) }} right ] cdot left [ pile { alpha ! 995: above beta above gamma } right ] ! 996: .EN ! 997: .sp ! 998: .ft 3 ! 999: \&.EQ L ! 1000: F hat ( chi ) ~ mark = ~ | del V | sup 2 ! 1001: \&.EN ! 1002: \&.EQ L ! 1003: .fi ! 1004: .na ! 1005: lineup =~ {left ( {partial V} over {partial x} right ) } sup 2 ! 1006: + { left ( {partial V} over {partial y} right ) } sup 2 ! 1007: ~~~~~~ lambda -> inf ! 1008: .nf ! 1009: \&.EN ! 1010: .ft ! 1011: .ta .25i ! 1012: .sp ! 1013: .EQ L ! 1014: F hat ( chi ) ~ mark = ~ | del V | sup 2 ! 1015: .EN ! 1016: .sp 1 ! 1017: .EQ L ! 1018: delim off ! 1019: lineup =~ {left ( {partial V} over {partial x} right ) } sup 2 ! 1020: + { left ( {partial V} over {partial y} right ) } sup 2 ! 1021: ~~~~~~ lambda -> inf ! 1022: .EN ! 1023: .rm EQ ! 1024: .rm EN ! 1025: .fi ! 1026: .sp ! 1027: .ft 3 ! 1028: $ a dot $, $ b dotdot$, $ xi tilde times ! 1029: y vec$: ! 1030: .EQ ! 1031: delim $$ ! 1032: .EN ! 1033: .ft R ! 1034: .br ! 1035: .sp ! 1036: $ a dot $, $ b dotdot$, $ xi tilde times ! 1037: y vec$. ! 1038: .EQ ! 1039: delim off ! 1040: .EN ! 1041: \h'.3i'(with delim $$ on, see panel 3). ! 1042: .sp .5 ! 1043: See also the equations in the second table, panel 8. ! 1044: .nf ! 1045: .br ! 1046: .bd I ! 1047: .sp 2 ! 1048: .ft R ! 1049: .hh "Some Registers You Can Change" ! 1050: .nf ! 1051: .mk ! 1052: Line length ! 1053: .nr LL 7i ! 1054: .sp .4 ! 1055: Title length ! 1056: .nr LT 7i ! 1057: .sp .4 ! 1058: Point size ! 1059: .nr PS 9 ! 1060: .sp .4 ! 1061: Vertical spacing ! 1062: .nr VS 11 ! 1063: .sp .4 ! 1064: Column width ! 1065: .nr CW 3i ! 1066: .sp .4 ! 1067: Intercolumn spacing ! 1068: .nr GW .5i ! 1069: .sp .4 ! 1070: Margins \- head and foot ! 1071: .nr HM .75i ! 1072: .nr FM .75i ! 1073: .sp .4 ! 1074: Paragraph indent ! 1075: .nr PI 2n ! 1076: .rt ! 1077: .po +1.6i ! 1078: Paragraph spacing ! 1079: .nr PD 0 ! 1080: .sp .4 ! 1081: Page offset ! 1082: .nr PO 0.5i ! 1083: .sp .4 ! 1084: Page heading ! 1085: .ds CH Appendix ! 1086: (center) ! 1087: .ds RH 7-25-76 ! 1088: (right) ! 1089: .ds LH Private ! 1090: (left) ! 1091: .sp .4 ! 1092: Page footer ! 1093: .ds CF Draft ! 1094: .ds LF ! 1095: .ds RF \u similar \d ! 1096: .sp .4 ! 1097: Page numbers ! 1098: .nr % 3 ! 1099: .po -1.6i ! 1100: .b1 ! 1101: .hh Tables ! 1102: .nf ! 1103: .ds T \|\h'.35n'\v'-.1n'\s6\zT\s0\v'.1n'\h'-.35n'\(ci\| ! 1104: .ft 3 ! 1105: .EQ ! 1106: delim off ! 1107: .EN ! 1108: \&.TS\h'.5i'\fR(\f3\*T\f1 indicates a tab)\f3 ! 1109: \&allbox; ! 1110: .nr x \n(nl ! 1111: \&c s s ! 1112: \&c c c ! 1113: \&n n n. ! 1114: \&AT&T Common Stock ! 1115: \&Year\*TPrice\*TDividend ! 1116: \&1971\*T41-54\*T$2.60 ! 1117: \&2\*T41-54\*T2.70 ! 1118: \&3\*T46-55\*T2.87 ! 1119: \&4\*T40-53\*T3.24 ! 1120: \&5\*T45-52\*T3.40 ! 1121: \&6\*T51-59\*T.95* ! 1122: \&.TE ! 1123: \&* (first quarter only) ! 1124: .ft 1 ! 1125: .nr y \n(nl ! 1126: .sp |\nxu ! 1127: .di qq ! 1128: .TS ! 1129: allbox; ! 1130: c s s ! 1131: c c c ! 1132: n1 n1 n1. ! 1133: AT&T Common Stock ! 1134: Year Price Dividend ! 1135: 1971 41-54 $2.60 ! 1136: 2 41-54 2.70 ! 1137: 3 46-55 2.87 ! 1138: 4 40-53 3.24 ! 1139: 5 45-52 3.40 ! 1140: 6 51-59 .95* ! 1141: .TE ! 1142: * (first quarter only) ! 1143: .br ! 1144: .di ! 1145: .in 3i-\n(TWu ! 1146: .nf ! 1147: .qq ! 1148: .in 0 ! 1149: .if \ny>\n(nl .sp |\nyu ! 1150: .sp .5 ! 1151: .ft 1 ! 1152: .fi ! 1153: .ad ! 1154: The meanings of the key-letters describing ! 1155: the alignment of each entry are: ! 1156: .br ! 1157: .nf ! 1158: .TS ! 1159: center; ! 1160: cf3 l6 cf3 l. ! 1161: c center n numerical ! 1162: r right-adjust a subcolumn ! 1163: l left-adjust s spanned ! 1164: .TE ! 1165: .fi ! 1166: The global table options are ! 1167: .ft 3 ! 1168: .bd I 2 ! 1169: .hy 0 ! 1170: center, expand, box, doublebox, allbox, ! 1171: tab (\f2x\fP\|) ! 1172: .ft 1 ! 1173: and ! 1174: .ft 3 ! 1175: linesize (\f2n\fP\|). ! 1176: .br ! 1177: .hy 1 ! 1178: .ft 1 ! 1179: .bd I ! 1180: .sp 1 ! 1181: .nf ! 1182: .ta .1i ! 1183: .ft 3 ! 1184: \&.TS\h'.5i'\fR(with delim $$ on, see panel 3)\fP ! 1185: \&doublebox, center; ! 1186: \&c c ! 1187: \&l l. ! 1188: \&Name\*TDefinition ! 1189: \&.sp ! 1190: \&Gamma\*T$GAMMA (z) = int sub 0 sup inf \e ! 1191: t sup {z-1} e sup -t dt$ ! 1192: \&Sine\*T$sin (x) = 1 over 2i ( e sup ix - e sup -ix )$ ! 1193: \&Error\*T$ roman erf (z) = 2 over sqrt pi \e ! 1194: int sub 0 sup z e sup {-t sup 2} dt$ ! 1195: \&Bessel\*T$ J sub 0 (z) = 1 over pi \e ! 1196: int sub 0 sup pi cos ( z sin theta ) d theta $ ! 1197: \&Zeta\*T$ zeta (s) = \e ! 1198: sum from k=1 to inf k sup -s ~~( Re~s > 1)$ ! 1199: \&.TE ! 1200: .ft ! 1201: .sp ! 1202: .EQ ! 1203: delim $$ ! 1204: .EN ! 1205: .vs +2p ! 1206: .TS ! 1207: doublebox, center; ! 1208: c c ! 1209: l l. ! 1210: Name Definition ! 1211: .sp ! 1212: Gamma $GAMMA (z) = int sub 0 sup inf t sup {z-1} e sup -t dt$ ! 1213: Sine $sin (x) = 1 over 2i ( e sup ix - e sup -ix )$ ! 1214: Error $ roman erf (z) = 2 over sqrt pi int sub 0 sup z e sup {-t sup 2} dt$ ! 1215: Bessel $ J sub 0 (z) = 1 over pi int sub 0 sup pi cos ( z sin theta ) d theta $ ! 1216: Zeta $ zeta (s) = sum from k=1 to inf k sup -s ~~( Re~s > 1)$ ! 1217: .TE ! 1218: .vs -2p ! 1219: .br ! 1220: .bd I 2 ! 1221: .sp 1 ! 1222: .hh "Usage" ! 1223: .ps 9 ! 1224: .vs 10p ! 1225: .ds & \\s-1&\\s0 ! 1226: .TS ! 1227: l. ! 1228: \h'.25i'Documents with just text: ! 1229: troff -ms files ! 1230: \h'.25i'With equations only: ! 1231: eqn files | troff -ms ! 1232: \h'.25i'With tables only: ! 1233: tbl files | troff -ms ! 1234: \h'.25i'With both tables and equations: ! 1235: tbl files\||\|eqn\||\|troff -ms ! 1236: _ ! 1237: .TE ! 1238: .ft R ! 1239: .fi ! 1240: .sp .5 ! 1241: The above generates \s-2STARE\s0 output on ! 1242: \s-2GCOS\s0: replace ! 1243: .ft 3 ! 1244: \-st ! 1245: .ft R ! 1246: with ! 1247: .ft 3 ! 1248: \-ph ! 1249: .ft R ! 1250: for typesetter output. ! 1251: .ft 1 ! 1252: .bd I ! 1253: .b2
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