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1.1 root 1: .\" @(#)m0 6.1 (Berkeley) 4/17/86
2: .\"
3: .br
4: .rs
5: .sp |1.0i
6: .ce1000
7: .ps12
8: .ftB
9: \*(Nr\(sl\*(Tr User's Manual
10: .sp .2i
11: .ftI
12: .ps10
13: Joseph F. Ossanna
14: (updated for 4.3BSD by Mark Seiden)
15: .ftR
16: .sp
17: Bell Laboratories
18: Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974
19: .ce0
20: .sp2
21: .ps \n(PS
22: .fi
23: .ftB
24: Introduction
25: .pg
26: \*(NR and \*(TR are text processors under
27: the \s-1UNIX\s+1 Time-Sharing System
28: that format text for typewriter-like terminals and
29: for a \%Graphic Systems phototypesetter, respectively.
30: (Device-independent \*(TR, part of the Documenter's Workbench,
31: supports additional output devices.)
32: They accept lines of text interspersed with lines of
33: format control information and
34: format the text into a printable, paginated document
35: having a user-designed style.
36: \*(NR and \*(TR offer
37: unusual freedom in document styling,
38: including:
39: arbitrary style headers and footers;
40: arbitrary style footnotes;
41: multiple automatic sequence numbering for paragraphs, sections, etc;
42: multiple column output;
43: dynamic font and point-size control;
44: arbitrary horizontal and vertical local motions at any point;
45: and
46: a family of automatic overstriking, bracket construction, and
47: line drawing functions.
48: .pg
49: \*(NR and \*(TR are highly compatible with each other and it is almost always
50: possible to prepare input acceptable to both.
51: Conditional input is provided that enables
52: the user to embed input expressly destined for either program.
53: \*(NR can prepare output directly for a variety of terminal types and
54: is capable of utilizing the full resolution of each terminal.
55: .pg
56: .ftB
57: Usage
58: .pg
59: The general form of invoking \*(NR (or \*(TR) at \s-1UNIX\s+1 command level is
60: .x1
61: \fBnroff \fIoptions files\fR\
62: \h'|2i'(or \fBtroff \fIoptions files\fR)
63: .x2
64: where \fIoptions\fR represents any of a number of option arguments
65: and \fIfiles\fR represents the list of files containing the document
66: to be formatted.
67: An argument consisting of a single minus (\fB\-\fR) is taken to be
68: a file name corresponding to the standard input.
69: If no file names are given input is taken from the standard input.
70: The options, which may appear in any order so long as they appear
71: before the files, are:
72: .sp
73: .ta .2i 1.0i
74: .ftI
75: .bd I 3
76: Option Effect
77: .br
78: .bd I
79: .ftR
80: .ta .3i 1.0i
81: .in 1.0i
82: .ll-.3i
83: .bt
84: \fB\-i\fP Read standard input after the input files are exhausted.
85: .bt
86: \fB\-m\fIname\fR Prepends the macro file
87: \fB\(slusr\(sllib\(sltmac.\fIname\fR
88: to the input \fIfiles\fR.
89: .bt
90: \fB\-n\fIN\fR Number first generated page \fIN\fR.
91: .bt
92: \fB\-o\fIlist\fR \
93: Print only pages whose page numbers appear in \fIlist\fR,
94: which consists of comma-separated numbers and number ranges.
95: A number range has the form \fIN\-M\fR
96: and means pages \fIN\fR through \fIM;\fR
97: a initial \fI\-N\fR means
98: from the beginning to page \fIN;\fR and a final \fIN\-\fR means
99: from \fIN\fR to the end.
100: .bt
101: \fB\-q\fR \
102: Invoke the simultaneous input-output mode of the \fBrd\fR request.
103: .bt
104: \fB\-r\fIaN\fR Number register \fIa\fR (one-character) is set to \fIN\fR.
105: .bt
106: \fB\-s\fIN\fR Stop every \fIN\fR pages.
107: \*(NR will halt prior to every \fIN\fR pages (default \fIN\fR=1)
108: to allow paper loading or
109: changing, and will resume upon receipt of a newline.
110: \*(TR will stop the phototypesetter every \fIN\fR pages,
111: produce a trailer to allow changing cassettes,
112: and will resume after the phototypesetter \s-1START\s+1 button is pressed.
113: .bt
114: \fB\-z\fR Efficiently suppress formatted output.
115: Only produce output to standard error (from \fBtm\fP requests or
116: diagnostics).
117: .sp
118: .ne 3
119: .ftI
120: .bd I 3
121: \*(NR Only
122: .br
123: .bd I
124: .ft
125: .bt
126: \fB\-T\fIname\fR Specifies
127: the name of the output terminal type.
128: Currently defined names are \fB37\fR for the (default) Model 37 Teletype\(rg,
129: \fBtn300\fR for the GE TermiNet\ 300 (or any terminal without half-line
130: capabilities),
131: \fB300S\fR for the \s-1DASI\s+1-300S,
132: \fB300\fR for the \s-1DASI\s+1-300,
133: and
134: \fB450\fR for the \s-1DASI\s+1-450 (Diablo Hyterm).
135: .bt
136: \fB\-e\fR \
137: Produce equally-spaced words in adjusted
138: lines, using full terminal resolution.
139: .bt
140: \fB\-h\fR \
141: On output, use tabs during horizontal spacing to increase speed.
142: Device tabs setting are assumed to be (and input tabs are initially
143: set to) every 8 character widths.
144: .sp
145: .ne 3
146: .ftI
147: .bd I 3
148: \*(TR Only
149: .br
150: .bd I
151: .ft
152: .bt
153: \fB\-a\fP Send a printable \s-1(ASCII)\s+1 approximation
154: of the results to the standard output.
155: .bt
156: \fB\-b\fR \*(TR will report whether the phototypesetter
157: is busy or available.
158: No text processing is done.
159: .bt
160: \fB\-f\fP Refrain from feeding out paper and stopping
161: phototypesetter at the end of the run.
162: .bt
163: \fB\-t\fP Direct output to the standard output instead
164: of the phototypesetter.
165: .bt
166: \fB\-w\fP Wait until phototypesetter is available, if
167: currently busy.
168: .ll
169: .in0
170: .xx
171: .pg
172: Each option is invoked as a separate argument;
173: for example,
174: .x1
175: \fBnroff \-o\fI4,8\-10 \fB\-T\fI300S \fB\-m\fIabc file1 file2\fR
176: .x2
177: requests formatting of pages 4, 8, 9, and 10 of a document contained in the files
178: named \fIfile1\fR and \fIfile2\fR,
179: specifies the output terminal as a \s-1DASI\s+1-300S,
180: and invokes the macro package \fIabc\fR.
181: .pg
182: Various pre- and post-processors are available for use with \*(NR and \*(TR.
183: These include the equation preprocessors \s-1NEQN\s+1 and \s-1EQN\s+1\*u1\*d
184: (for \*(NR and \*(TR respectively),
185: and the table-construction preprocessor \s-1TBL\s+1\*u2\*d.
186: A reverse-line postprocessor \s-1COL\s+1\*u3\*d
187: is available for multiple-column \*(NR output on terminals without reverse-line ability;
188: \s-1COL\s+1 expects the Model 37 Teletype
189: escape sequences that \*(NR produces by default.
190: \s-1TK\s+1\*u3\*d
191: is a 37 Teletype simulator postprocessor for printing \*(NR output on a Tektronix 4014.
192: \s-1TC\s+1\*u5\*d
193: is a phototypesetter-simulator postprocessor
194: for \*(TR that produces an approximation of phototypesetter output
195: on a Tektronix 4014.
196: For example, in
197: .x1
198: \fBtbl \fIfiles \fB| eqn | troff \-t \fIoptions \fB| tc\fR
199: .x2
200: the first \|\fB|\fR\| indicates the piping of \s-1TBL\s+1's output to \s-1EQN\s+1's input;
201: the second the piping of \s-1EQN\s+1's output to \*(TR's input;
202: and the third indicates the piping of \*(TR's output to \s-1TC\s+1.
203: .br
204: .pg
205: The remainder of this manual consists of:
206: a Summary and outline;
207: a Reference Manual keyed to the outline;
208: and
209: a set of Tutorial Examples.
210: Another tutorial is [5].
211: .sp.4
212: .ps -1
213: .vs -1p
214: .pg
215: .ftB
216: References
217: .pg
218: .ta .3i
219: .in .3i
220: .ti0
221: [1] B. W. Kernighan, L. L. Cherry,
222: .ul
223: Typesetting Mathematics \(em User's Guide (Second Edition),
224: Bell Laboratories.
225: .sp.4
226: .ti0
227: [2] M. E. Lesk,
228: .ul
229: Tbl \(em A Program to Format Tables,
230: Bell Laboratories internal memorandum.
231: .sp.4
232: .ti0
233: [3] Internal on-line documentation (\fIman\fP pages) on \s-1UNIX\s+1.
234: .sp.4
235: .ti0
236: [4] B. W. Kernighan, \fIA TROFF Tutorial\fR,
237: Bell Laboratories.
238: .sp.4
239: .ti0
240: [5] Your site may have similar programs for more modern displays.
241: .in0
242: .ps
243: .vs
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