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1.1 root 1: .\" @(#)tt04 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/23/86
2: .\"
3: .NH
4: Indents and Line Lengths
5: .PP
6: .UL troff
7: starts with a line length of 6.5 inches,
8: which some people think is too wide for 8\(12\(mu11 paper.
9: To reset the line length,
10: use
11: the
12: .BD .ll
13: command, as in
14: .P1
15: ^ll 6i
16: .P2
17: As with
18: .BD .sp ,
19: the actual length can be specified in several ways;
20: inches are probably the most intuitive.
21: .PP
22: The maximum line length provided by the typesetter is 7.5 inches, by the way.
23: To use the full width, you will have to reset the default physical left margin (``page offset''),
24: which is normally slightly less than one inch from the left edge
25: of the paper.
26: This is done by the
27: .BD .po
28: command.
29: .P1
30: ^po 0
31: .P2
32: sets the offset as far to the left as it will go.
33: .WS
34: .PP
35: The indent command
36: .BD .in
37: causes the left margin to be indented
38: by some specified amount from the page offset.
39: If we use
40: .BD .in
41: to move the left margin in,
42: and
43: .BD .ll
44: to move the right margin to the left,
45: we can
46: make offset blocks of text:
47: .P1
48: ^in 0.3i
49: ^ll \(mi0.3i
50: text to be set into a block
51: ^ll +0.3i
52: ^in \(mi0.3i
53: .P2
54: will create a block that looks like this:
55: .P1
56: .fi
57: .ll -0.3i
58: Pater noster qui est in caelis sanctificetur nomen tuum;
59: adveniat regnum tuum; fiat voluntas tua, sicut in caelo,
60: et in terra. ...
61: Amen.
62: .ll +0.3i
63: .P2
64: Notice the use of `+' and `\(mi'
65: to specify the amount of change.
66: These change the previous setting by the specified amount,
67: rather than just overriding it.
68: The distinction is quite important:
69: .BD .ll\ +1i
70: makes lines one inch longer;
71: .BD .ll\ 1i
72: makes them one inch
73: .ul
74: long.
75: .PP
76: With
77: .BD .in ,
78: .BD .ll
79: and
80: .BD .po ,
81: the previous value is used if no argument is specified.
82: .PP
83: To indent a single line, use the `temporary indent'
84: command
85: .BD .ti .
86: For example, all paragraphs in this memo
87: effectively begin with the command
88: .P1
89: ^ti 3
90: .P2
91: Three of what?
92: The default unit for
93: .BD .ti ,
94: as for most horizontally oriented commands
95: .BD .ll , (
96: .BD .in ,
97: .BD .po ),
98: is ems;
99: an em is roughly the width of the letter `m'
100: in the current point size.
101: (Precisely, a em in size
102: .ul
103: p
104: is
105: .ul
106: p
107: points.)
108: Although inches are usually clearer than ems to people who don't set type
109: for a living,
110: ems have a place:
111: they are a measure of size that is proportional to the current point size.
112: If you want to make text that keeps its proportions
113: regardless of point size,
114: you should use ems for all dimensions.
115: Ems can be specified as scale factors directly,
116: as in
117: .BD .ti\ 2.5m .
118: .PP
119: Lines can also be indented negatively
120: if the indent is already positive:
121: .P1
122: ^ti \(mi0.3i
123: .P2
124: causes the next line to be moved back three tenths of an inch.
125: Thus to make a decorative initial capital,
126: we indent the whole paragraph, then move the letter `P' back with
127: a
128: .BD .ti
129: command:
130: .P1
131: .ll -0.3i
132: .fi
133: .in +.3i
134: .ti -0.3i
135: \s36\v'2'P\v'-2'\s0ater noster qui est in caelis sanctificetur
136: nomen tuum;
137: adveniat regnum tuum;
138: 'in -.3i
139: fiat voluntas tua,
140: sicut in caelo, et in terra. ...
141: Amen.
142: .ll +0.3i
143: .P2
144: Of course, there is also some trickery to make the `P'
145: bigger (just a `\es36P\es0'),
146: and to move it
147: down from its normal position
148: (see the section on local motions).
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