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1.1 ! root 1: .\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. ! 2: .\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement ! 3: .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. ! 4: .\" ! 5: .\" @(#)preface.ms 6.3 (Berkeley) 5/13/86 ! 6: .\" ! 7: .nr PS 9 ! 8: .nr VS 11 ! 9: .vs 11p ! 10: .ps 9p ! 11: .TL ! 12: PREFACE ! 13: .OH 'Preface''- % -' ! 14: .EH '- % -''Preface' ! 15: .af % i ! 16: .LP ! 17: This update to the 4.2 distribution of August 1983 provides ! 18: substantially improved performance, reliability, and security, ! 19: the addition of Xerox Network System (NS) to the set of networking domains, ! 20: and partial support for the VAX 8600 and MICROVAXII. ! 21: .LP ! 22: We were greatly assisted by the DEC UNIX Engineering group who ! 23: provided two full time employees, Miriam Amos and Kevin Dunlap, ! 24: to work at Berkeley. They were responsible for developing and ! 25: debugging the distributed domain based name server ! 26: and integrating it into the mail system. ! 27: Mt Xinu provided the bug list distribution service as well as ! 28: donating their MICROVAXII port to 4.3BSD. ! 29: Drivers for the MICROVAXII were done by Rick Macklem ! 30: at the University of Guelph. ! 31: Sam Leffler provided valuable assistance and advice with many projects. ! 32: Keith Sklower coordinated with William Nesheim and J. Q. Johnson at Cornell, ! 33: and Chris Torek and James O'Toole at the University of Maryland ! 34: to do the Xerox Network Systems implementation. ! 35: Robert Elz at the University of Melbourne contributed greatly ! 36: to the performance work in the kernel. ! 37: Donn Seeley and Jay Lepreau at the University of Utah ! 38: relentlessly dealt with a miriad of details; ! 39: Donn completed the unfinished performance work on Fortran 77 ! 40: and fixed numerous C compiler bugs. ! 41: Ralph Campbell handled innumerable questions and problem reports ! 42: and had time left to write rdist. ! 43: George Goble was invaluable in shaking out the bugs on his ! 44: production systems long before we were confident enough to ! 45: inflict it on our users. ! 46: Bill Shannon at Sun Microsystems has been helpful in ! 47: providing us with bug fixes and improvements. ! 48: Tom Ferrin, in his capacity as Board Member of Usenix Association, ! 49: handled the logistics of large-scale reproduction ! 50: of the 4.2BSD and 4.3BSD manuals. ! 51: Mark Seiden helped with the typesetting and indexing of the 4.3BSD manuals. ! 52: Special mention goes to Bob Henry for keeping ucbvax running ! 53: in spite of new and improved software and ! 54: an ever increasing mail, news, and uucp load. ! 55: .LP ! 56: Numerous others contributed their time and energy in creating ! 57: the user contributed software for the release. ! 58: As always, we are grateful to the UNIX user community for ! 59: encouragement and support. ! 60: .LP ! 61: Once again, the financial support of the Defense Advanced Research ! 62: Projects Agency is gratefully acknowledged. ! 63: .sp 1 ! 64: .in 4i ! 65: .nf ! 66: M. K. McKusick ! 67: M. J. Karels ! 68: J. M. Bloom ! 69: .fi ! 70: .in 0 ! 71: .sp 2 ! 72: .ne 1i ! 73: .ce ! 74: \fIPreface to the 4.2 Berkeley distribution\fP ! 75: .sp 1 ! 76: This update to the 4.1 distribution of June 1981 provides support ! 77: for the VAX 11/730, full networking and interprocess communication ! 78: support, an entirely new file system, and many other new features. ! 79: It is certainly the most ambitious release of software ever prepared ! 80: here and represents many man-years of work. ! 81: Bill Shannon (both at DEC and at Sun Microsystems) ! 82: and Robert Elz of the University ! 83: of Melbourne contributed greatly to this distribution ! 84: through new device drivers and painful debugging episodes. ! 85: Rob Gurwitz of BBN wrote the initial version of the code upon ! 86: which the current networking support is based. ! 87: Eric Allman of Britton-Lee donated countless hours to the mail system. ! 88: Bill Croft (both at SRI and Sun Microsystems) aided in the ! 89: debugging and development of the networking facilities. ! 90: Dennis Ritchie of Bell Laboratories also ! 91: contributed greatly to this distribution, providing ! 92: valuable advise and guidance. Helge Skrivervik ! 93: worked on the device drivers which enabled ! 94: the distribution to be delivered with a TU58 ! 95: console cassette and RX01 console flopppy disk, and ! 96: rewrote major portions of the standalone i/o system ! 97: to support formatting of non-DEC peripherals. ! 98: .LP ! 99: Numerous others contributed their time and energy in organizing ! 100: the user software for release, while many groups of people on ! 101: campus suffered patiently through the low spots of development. ! 102: As always, we are grateful to the UNIX user community for ! 103: encouragement and support. ! 104: .LP ! 105: Once again, the financial support of the Defense Advanced Research ! 106: Projects Agency is gratefully acknowledged. ! 107: .sp 1 ! 108: .in 4i ! 109: .nf ! 110: S. J. Leffler ! 111: W. N. Joy ! 112: M. K. McKusick ! 113: .fi ! 114: .in 0 ! 115: .sp 2 ! 116: .ne 1i ! 117: .ce ! 118: \fIPreface to the 4.1 Berkeley distribution\fP ! 119: .sp 1 ! 120: This update to the fourth distribution of November 1980 provides ! 121: support for the VAX 11/750 and for the full interconnect architecture ! 122: of the VAX 11/780. Robert Elz of the University of Melbourne contributed ! 123: greatly to this distribution especially in the boot-time system ! 124: configuration code; Bill Shannon of DEC supplied us with the ! 125: implementation of DEC standard bad block handling. The research ! 126: group at Bell Laboratories and DEC Merrimack provided us with access ! 127: to 11/750's in order to debug its support. ! 128: .LP ! 129: Other individuals too numerous to mention provided us with bug reports, ! 130: fixes and other enhancements which are reflected in the system. We ! 131: are grateful to the UNIX user community for encouragement and ! 132: support. ! 133: .LP ! 134: The financial support of the Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency ! 135: in support of this work is gratefully acknowledged. ! 136: .sp 1 ! 137: .in 4i ! 138: .nf ! 139: W. N. Joy ! 140: R. S. Fabry ! 141: K. Sklower ! 142: .fi ! 143: .in 0 ! 144: .sp 2 ! 145: .ne 1i ! 146: .ce ! 147: \fIPreface to the Fourth Berkeley distribution\fP ! 148: .sp 1 ! 149: This manual reflects the Berkeley system mid-October, 1980. ! 150: A large amount of tuning has been done in the system since the last release; ! 151: we hope this provides as noticeable an improvement for you as it did for us. ! 152: This release finds the system in transition; a number of facilities ! 153: have been added in experimental versions (job control, resource limits) ! 154: and the implementation of others is imminent (shared-segments, higher ! 155: performance from the file system, etc.). ! 156: Applications which use facilities that are in transition should be aware ! 157: that some of the system calls and library routines will change ! 158: in the near future. We have tried to be conscientious and make it ! 159: very clear where this is likely. ! 160: .LP ! 161: A new group has been formed ! 162: at Berkeley, to assume responsibility for the future ! 163: development and support of a version of UNIX on the VAX. ! 164: The group has received funding from the ! 165: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) ! 166: to supply a standard version of the system to DARPA contractors. ! 167: The same version of the system will be made available to other licensees ! 168: of UNIX on the VAX for a duplication charge. ! 169: We gratefully acknowledge ! 170: the support of this contract. ! 171: .LP ! 172: We wish to acknowledge the contribution of a number of individuals to ! 173: the the system. ! 174: .LP ! 175: We would especially like to thank ! 176: Jim Kulp of IIASA, ! 177: Laxenburg Austria and his colleagues, ! 178: who first put job control facilities into UNIX; ! 179: Eric Allman, Robert Henry, Peter Kessler and Kirk McKusick, who ! 180: contributed major new pieces of software; ! 181: Mark Horton, who contributed to the improvement of facilities and ! 182: substantially improved the quality of our bit-mapped fonts, ! 183: our hardware support staff: ! 184: Bob Kridle, ! 185: Anita Hirsch, ! 186: Len Edmondson ! 187: and ! 188: Fred Archibald, ! 189: who helped us to debug a number of new peripherals; ! 190: Ken Arnold who did much of the leg-work in getting this version of the ! 191: manual prepared, and did the final editing of sections 2-6, ! 192: some special individuals within Bell Laboratories: ! 193: Greg Chesson, ! 194: Stuart Feldman, ! 195: Dick Haight, ! 196: Howard Katseff, ! 197: Brian Kernighan, ! 198: Tom London, ! 199: John Reiser, ! 200: Dennis Ritchie, ! 201: Ken Thompson, ! 202: and ! 203: Peter Weinberger ! 204: who helped out by answering questions; ! 205: our excellent local DEC field service people, ! 206: Kevin Althaus and Frank Chargois ! 207: who kept our machine running virtually all the time, and fixed it quickly ! 208: when things broke; ! 209: and, ! 210: Mike Accetta of Carnegie-Mellon University, ! 211: Robert Elz of the University of Melbourne, ! 212: George Goble of Purdue University, ! 213: and ! 214: David Kashtan of the Stanford Research Institute ! 215: for their technical advice and support. ! 216: .LP ! 217: Special thanks to Bill Munson of DEC who helped by augmenting ! 218: our computing facility ! 219: and to Eric Allman for carefully proofreading the ! 220: ``last'' draft of the manual and finding the bugs which we knew were ! 221: there but couldn't see. ! 222: .LP ! 223: We dedicate this to the memory of David Sakrison, late chairman of our ! 224: department, who gave his support to the establishment of our VAX ! 225: computing facility, and to our department as a whole. ! 226: .sp 1 ! 227: .in 4i ! 228: .nf ! 229: W. N. Joy ! 230: \v'-3p'\h'2p'\*:\v'3p'\h'-2p'O. Babao\*~glu ! 231: R. S. Fabry ! 232: K. Sklower ! 233: .fi ! 234: .in 0 ! 235: .sp 2 ! 236: .ne 1i ! 237: .ce ! 238: \fIPreface to the Third Berkeley distribution\fP ! 239: .sp 1 ! 240: This manual reflects the state of the Berkeley system, December 1979. ! 241: We would like to thank all the people at Berkeley who have contributed to ! 242: the system, and particularly thank ! 243: Prof. Richard Fateman for creating and administrating a hospitable environment, ! 244: Mark Horton who helped prepare this manual, and ! 245: Eric Allman, Bob Kridle, Juan Porcar ! 246: and Richard Tuck for their contributions to the kernel. ! 247: .LP ! 248: The cooperation of Bell Laboratories in providing us with an early version of ! 249: \s-2UNIX\s0/32V is greatly appreciated. We would especially like to thank ! 250: Dr. Charles Roberts of Bell Laboratories for helping us obtain this release, ! 251: and acknowledge ! 252: T. B. London, ! 253: J. F. Reiser, ! 254: K. Thompson, ! 255: D. M. Ritchie, ! 256: G. Chesson and ! 257: H. P. Katseff ! 258: for their advice and support. ! 259: .sp 1 ! 260: .in 4i ! 261: W. N. Joy ! 262: .br ! 263: \v'-3p'\h'2p'\*:\v'3p'\h'-2p'O. Babao\*~glu ! 264: .in 0 ! 265: .sp 2 ! 266: .ne 1i ! 267: .ce ! 268: \fIPreface to the UNIX/32V distribution\fP ! 269: .sp 1 ! 270: The ! 271: .UX ! 272: operating system for the VAX*-11 ! 273: .FS ! 274: *VAX and PDP are Trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. ! 275: .FE ! 276: provides substantially the same facilities as the ! 277: \s-2UNIX\s0 ! 278: system for the PDP*-11. ! 279: .LP ! 280: We acknowledge the work of many who came before us, and particularly thank ! 281: G. K. Swanson, W. M. Cardoza, D. K. Sharma, and J. F. Jarvis for assistance ! 282: with the implementation for the VAX-11/780. ! 283: .sp 1 ! 284: .in 4i ! 285: T. B. London ! 286: .br ! 287: J. F. Reiser ! 288: .in 0 ! 289: .sp 2 ! 290: .ne 1i ! 291: .ce ! 292: \fIPreface to the Seventh Edition\fP ! 293: .sp 1 ! 294: .LP ! 295: Although this Seventh Edition no longer bears their byline, ! 296: Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie remain the fathers ! 297: and preceptors of the ! 298: \s-2UNIX\s0 ! 299: time-sharing system. ! 300: Many of the improvements here described bear their mark. ! 301: Among many, many other people who have contributed to ! 302: the further flowering of ! 303: \s-2UNIX\s0, ! 304: we wish especially to ! 305: acknowledge the contributions of ! 306: A. V. Aho, ! 307: S. R. Bourne, ! 308: L. L. Cherry, ! 309: G. L. Chesson, ! 310: S. I. Feldman, ! 311: C. B. Haley, ! 312: R. C. Haight, ! 313: S. C. Johnson, ! 314: M. E. Lesk, ! 315: T. L. Lyon, ! 316: L. E. McMahon, ! 317: R. Morris, ! 318: R. Muha, ! 319: D. A. Nowitz, ! 320: L. Wehr, ! 321: and ! 322: P. J. Weinberger. ! 323: We appreciate also ! 324: the effective advice and criticism of ! 325: T. A. Dolotta, ! 326: A. G. Fraser, ! 327: J. F. Maranzano, ! 328: and ! 329: J. R. Mashey; ! 330: and we remember the important work of ! 331: the late Joseph F. Ossanna. ! 332: .sp 1 ! 333: .in 4i ! 334: B. W. Kernighan ! 335: .br ! 336: M. D. McIlroy ! 337: .in 0
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