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1.1 ! root 1: .\" Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California. ! 2: .\" All rights reserved. ! 3: .\" ! 4: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided ! 5: .\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and ! 6: .\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following ! 7: .\" acknowledgement: ``This product includes software developed by the ! 8: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the ! 9: .\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in ! 10: .\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software. ! 11: .\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may ! 12: .\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without ! 13: .\" specific prior written permission. ! 14: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED ! 15: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ! 16: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ! 17: .\" ! 18: .\" @(#)hier.7 6.2 (Berkeley) 6/24/90 ! 19: .\" ! 20: .Dd June 24, 1990 ! 21: .Dt HIER 7 ! 22: .Os BSD 4.4 ! 23: .Sh NAME ! 24: .Nm hier ! 25: .Nd layout of filesystems ! 26: .Sh DESCRIPTION ! 27: A sketch of the filesystem hierarchy. ! 28: .Dw Fl ! 29: .Di L ! 30: .Dp Li / ! 31: root directory of the filesystem ! 32: .Dp Li /bin/ ! 33: user utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments ! 34: .Dp Li /dev/ ! 35: block and character device files ! 36: .Dw Fl ! 37: .Di L ! 38: .Dp Li MAKEDEV ! 39: script for creating device files; see makedev(8) ! 40: .Dp Li fd/ ! 41: file descriptor files; see fd(4) ! 42: .Dp ! 43: .Dp Li /etc/ ! 44: system configuration files and scripts ! 45: .Dw Fl ! 46: .Di L ! 47: .Dp Li localtime ! 48: local timezone information; see ctime(3) ! 49: .Dp Li disklabels/ ! 50: backup disklabels; see disklabel(8) ! 51: .Dp Li kerberosIV/ ! 52: configuration files for the kerberos version IV; see kerberos(1) ! 53: .Dp Li mtree/ ! 54: mtree configuration files; see mtree(1) ! 55: .Dp Li namedb/ ! 56: named configuration files; see named(8) ! 57: .Dp ! 58: .Dp Li /mnt/ ! 59: empty directory commonly used by system administrators as a temporary mount point ! 60: .Dp Li /sbin/ ! 61: system programs and administration utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments ! 62: .Dp Li /stand/ ! 63: programs used in a standalone environment ! 64: .Dp Li /tmp/ ! 65: temporary files, usually a mfs(8) memory-based filesystem (the contents ! 66: of /tmp are usually NOT preserved across a system reboot) ! 67: .Dp Li /usr/ ! 68: contains the majority of user utilities and applications ! 69: .Dw Fl ! 70: .Di L ! 71: .Dp Li bin/ ! 72: common utilities, programming tools, and applications ! 73: .Dp Li contrib/ ! 74: large packages contributed to Berkeley by outside parties ! 75: .Dp Li games/ ! 76: useful and semi-frivolous programs ! 77: .Dp Li include/ ! 78: standard C include files ! 79: .Dw Fl ! 80: .Di L ! 81: .Dp Li X11/ ! 82: C include files for X11 window system ! 83: .Dp Li arpa/ ! 84: C include files for Internet service protocols ! 85: .Dp Li kerberosIV/ ! 86: C include files for kerberos authentication package; see kerberos(1) ! 87: .Dp Li machine/ ! 88: machine specific C include files ! 89: .Dp Li net/ ! 90: misc network C include files ! 91: .Dp Li netimp/ ! 92: C include files for IMP protocols; see imp(4) ! 93: .Dp Li netinet/ ! 94: C include files for Internet standard protocols; see inet(4) ! 95: .Dp Li netiso/ ! 96: C include files for ISO standard protocols; see iso(4) ! 97: .Dp Li netns/ ! 98: C include files for XNS standard protocols; see ns(4) ! 99: .Dp Li nfs/ ! 100: C include files for NFS (Network File System) ! 101: .Dp Li pascal/ ! 102: include files for pc(1) ! 103: .Dp Li protocols/ ! 104: C include files for Berkeley service protocols ! 105: .Dp Li sys/ ! 106: system C include files (kernel data structures) ! 107: .Dp Li ufs/ ! 108: C include files for UFS (The U-word File System) ! 109: .Dp ! 110: .Dp Li lib/ ! 111: archive libraries ! 112: .Dw Fl ! 113: .Di L ! 114: .Dp Li uucp/ ! 115: UUCP configuration files (historically placed; to be moved) ! 116: .Dp ! 117: .Dp Li libdata/ ! 118: misc. utility data files ! 119: .Dp Li libexec/ ! 120: system daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs) ! 121: .Dp Li local/ ! 122: local executables, libraries, etc. ! 123: .Dp Li obj/ ! 124: architecture-specific target tree produced by building the /usr/src tree ! 125: .Dp Li old/ ! 126: programs from past lives of BSD which may disappear in future ! 127: releases ! 128: .Dp Li sbin/ ! 129: system daemons & system utilities (executed by users) ! 130: .Dp Li share/ ! 131: architecture-independent ascii text files ! 132: .Dw Fl ! 133: .Di L ! 134: .Dp Li calendar/ ! 135: a variety of pre-fab calendar files; see calendar(1) ! 136: .Dp Li dict/ ! 137: word lists; see look(1) ! 138: .Dw Fl ! 139: .Di L ! 140: .Dp Li words ! 141: common words ! 142: .Dp Li web2 ! 143: words from Webster's 2nd International ! 144: .Dp Li papers/ ! 145: reference databases; see refer(1) ! 146: .Dp Li special/ ! 147: custom word lists; see spell(1) ! 148: .Dp ! 149: .Dp Li doc/ ! 150: misc documentation; src for most of the printed BSD manuals (available ! 151: from the USENIX association) ! 152: .Dp Li games/ ! 153: ascii text files used by various games ! 154: .Dp Li man/ ! 155: manual pages ! 156: .Dp Li me/ ! 157: macros for use with the me macro package ! 158: .Dp Li misc/ ! 159: misc system-wide ascii text files ! 160: .Dw Fl ! 161: .Di L ! 162: .Dp Li termcap ! 163: terminal characteristics database; see termcap(5) ! 164: .Dp ! 165: .Dp Li mk/ ! 166: templates for make; see make(1) ! 167: .Dp Li ms/ ! 168: macros for use with the ms macro package ! 169: .Dp Li skel/ ! 170: example . (dot) files for new accounts ! 171: .Dp Li tabset/ ! 172: tab description files for a variety of terminals; used in ! 173: the termcap file; see termcap(5) ! 174: .Dp Li tmac/ ! 175: text processing macros; see nroff(1) and troff(1) ! 176: .Dp Li zoneinfo/ ! 177: timezone configuration information; see tzfile(5) ! 178: .Dp ! 179: .Dp Li src/ ! 180: BSD and/or local source files ! 181: .Dw Fl ! 182: .Di L ! 183: .Dp Li bin/ ! 184: src for files in /bin ! 185: .Dp Li contrib/ ! 186: src for files in /usr/contrib ! 187: .Dp Li etc/ ! 188: src for files in /etc ! 189: .Dp Li games/ ! 190: src for files in /usr/games ! 191: .Dp Li include/ ! 192: src for files in /usr/include ! 193: .Dp Li kerberosIV/ ! 194: src for kerberos version IV ! 195: .Dp Li lib/ ! 196: src for files in /usr/lib ! 197: .Dp Li libexec/ ! 198: src for files in /usr/libexec ! 199: .Dp Li local/ ! 200: src for files in /usr/local ! 201: .Dp Li old/ ! 202: src for files in /usr/old ! 203: .Dp Li pgrm/ ! 204: src for programming tools in /usr/bin ! 205: .Dp Li sbin/ ! 206: src for files in /sbin ! 207: .Dp Li share/ ! 208: src for files in /usr/share ! 209: .Dp Li sys/ ! 210: kernel src files ! 211: .Dp Li usr.bin/ ! 212: src for files in /usr/bin ! 213: .Dp Li usr.sbin/ ! 214: src for files in /usr/sbin ! 215: .Dp ! 216: .Dp ! 217: .Dp Li /var/ ! 218: multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files ! 219: .Dw Fl ! 220: .Di L ! 221: .Dp Li account/ ! 222: system accounting files ! 223: .Dw Fl ! 224: .Di L ! 225: .Dp Li acct ! 226: execution accounting file; see acct(5) ! 227: .Dp ! 228: .Dp Li at/ ! 229: timed command scheduling files; see at(1) ! 230: .Dp Li backups/ ! 231: misc. backup files ! 232: .Dp Li db/ ! 233: misc. automatically generated system-specific database files ! 234: .Dp Li games/ ! 235: misc. game status and log files ! 236: .Dp Li log/ ! 237: misc. system log files ! 238: .Dw Fl ! 239: .Di L ! 240: .Dp Li wtmp ! 241: login/logout log; see wtmp(5) ! 242: .Dp ! 243: .Dp Li mail/ ! 244: user mailbox files ! 245: .Dp Li preserve/ ! 246: temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death ! 247: of an editor; see ex(1) ! 248: .Dp Li quotas/ ! 249: filesystem quota information files ! 250: .Dp Li run/ ! 251: system information files describing various info about ! 252: system since it was booted ! 253: .Dw Fl ! 254: .Di L ! 255: .Dp Li utmp ! 256: database of current users; see utmp(5) ! 257: .Dp ! 258: .Dp Li rwho/ ! 259: rwho data files; see rwhod(8), rwho(1), and ruptime(1) ! 260: .Dp Li spool/ ! 261: misc. printer and mail system spooling directories ! 262: .Dw Fl ! 263: .Di L ! 264: .Dp Li ftp/ ! 265: commonly ~ftp; the anonymous ftp root directory ! 266: .Dp Li mqueue/ ! 267: undelivered mail queue; see sendmail(8) ! 268: .Dp Li output/ ! 269: line printer spooling directories ! 270: .Dp Li secretmail/ ! 271: secretmail spool directory; see xget(1) ! 272: .Dp Li uucp/ ! 273: uucp spool directory ! 274: .Dp Li uucppublic/ ! 275: commonly ~uucp; public uucp temporary directory ! 276: .Dp ! 277: .Dp Li tmp/ ! 278: temporary files that are kept between system reboots ! 279: .Dp ! 280: .Dp Li /vmunix ! 281: pure kernel executable (the operating system loaded into memory ! 282: at boot time). ! 283: .Dp ! 284: .Sh SEE ALSO ! 285: .Xr ls 1 , ! 286: .Xr apropos 1 , ! 287: .Xr whatis 1 , ! 288: .Xr whereis 1 , ! 289: .Xr finger 1 , ! 290: .Xr which 1 , ! 291: .Xr find 1 , ! 292: .Xr grep 1 , ! 293: .Xr fsck 8 ! 294: .Sh HISTORY ! 295: 4.4 BSD.
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