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1.1 root 1: .\" Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
2: .\" All rights reserved.
3: .\"
4: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
5: .\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
6: .\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
7: .\" acknowledgement: ``This product includes software developed by the
8: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
9: .\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in
10: .\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
11: .\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
12: .\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
13: .\" specific prior written permission.
14: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
15: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
16: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
17: .\"
18: .\" @(#)hier.7 6.2 (Berkeley) 6/24/90
19: .\"
20: .Dd June 24, 1990
21: .Dt HIER 7
22: .Os BSD 4.4
23: .Sh NAME
24: .Nm hier
25: .Nd layout of filesystems
26: .Sh DESCRIPTION
27: A sketch of the filesystem hierarchy.
28: .Dw Fl
29: .Di L
30: .Dp Li /
31: root directory of the filesystem
32: .Dp Li /bin/
33: user utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments
34: .Dp Li /dev/
35: block and character device files
36: .Dw Fl
37: .Di L
38: .Dp Li MAKEDEV
39: script for creating device files; see makedev(8)
40: .Dp Li fd/
41: file descriptor files; see fd(4)
42: .Dp
43: .Dp Li /etc/
44: system configuration files and scripts
45: .Dw Fl
46: .Di L
47: .Dp Li localtime
48: local timezone information; see ctime(3)
49: .Dp Li disklabels/
50: backup disklabels; see disklabel(8)
51: .Dp Li kerberosIV/
52: configuration files for the kerberos version IV; see kerberos(1)
53: .Dp Li mtree/
54: mtree configuration files; see mtree(1)
55: .Dp Li namedb/
56: named configuration files; see named(8)
57: .Dp
58: .Dp Li /mnt/
59: empty directory commonly used by system administrators as a temporary mount point
60: .Dp Li /sbin/
61: system programs and administration utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments
62: .Dp Li /stand/
63: programs used in a standalone environment
64: .Dp Li /tmp/
65: temporary files, usually a mfs(8) memory-based filesystem (the contents
66: of /tmp are usually NOT preserved across a system reboot)
67: .Dp Li /usr/
68: contains the majority of user utilities and applications
69: .Dw Fl
70: .Di L
71: .Dp Li bin/
72: common utilities, programming tools, and applications
73: .Dp Li contrib/
74: large packages contributed to Berkeley by outside parties
75: .Dp Li games/
76: useful and semi-frivolous programs
77: .Dp Li include/
78: standard C include files
79: .Dw Fl
80: .Di L
81: .Dp Li X11/
82: C include files for X11 window system
83: .Dp Li arpa/
84: C include files for Internet service protocols
85: .Dp Li kerberosIV/
86: C include files for kerberos authentication package; see kerberos(1)
87: .Dp Li machine/
88: machine specific C include files
89: .Dp Li net/
90: misc network C include files
91: .Dp Li netimp/
92: C include files for IMP protocols; see imp(4)
93: .Dp Li netinet/
94: C include files for Internet standard protocols; see inet(4)
95: .Dp Li netiso/
96: C include files for ISO standard protocols; see iso(4)
97: .Dp Li netns/
98: C include files for XNS standard protocols; see ns(4)
99: .Dp Li nfs/
100: C include files for NFS (Network File System)
101: .Dp Li pascal/
102: include files for pc(1)
103: .Dp Li protocols/
104: C include files for Berkeley service protocols
105: .Dp Li sys/
106: system C include files (kernel data structures)
107: .Dp Li ufs/
108: C include files for UFS (The U-word File System)
109: .Dp
110: .Dp Li lib/
111: archive libraries
112: .Dw Fl
113: .Di L
114: .Dp Li uucp/
115: UUCP configuration files (historically placed; to be moved)
116: .Dp
117: .Dp Li libdata/
118: misc. utility data files
119: .Dp Li libexec/
120: system daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs)
121: .Dp Li local/
122: local executables, libraries, etc.
123: .Dp Li obj/
124: architecture-specific target tree produced by building the /usr/src tree
125: .Dp Li old/
126: programs from past lives of BSD which may disappear in future
127: releases
128: .Dp Li sbin/
129: system daemons & system utilities (executed by users)
130: .Dp Li share/
131: architecture-independent ascii text files
132: .Dw Fl
133: .Di L
134: .Dp Li calendar/
135: a variety of pre-fab calendar files; see calendar(1)
136: .Dp Li dict/
137: word lists; see look(1)
138: .Dw Fl
139: .Di L
140: .Dp Li words
141: common words
142: .Dp Li web2
143: words from Webster's 2nd International
144: .Dp Li papers/
145: reference databases; see refer(1)
146: .Dp Li special/
147: custom word lists; see spell(1)
148: .Dp
149: .Dp Li doc/
150: misc documentation; src for most of the printed BSD manuals (available
151: from the USENIX association)
152: .Dp Li games/
153: ascii text files used by various games
154: .Dp Li man/
155: manual pages
156: .Dp Li me/
157: macros for use with the me macro package
158: .Dp Li misc/
159: misc system-wide ascii text files
160: .Dw Fl
161: .Di L
162: .Dp Li termcap
163: terminal characteristics database; see termcap(5)
164: .Dp
165: .Dp Li mk/
166: templates for make; see make(1)
167: .Dp Li ms/
168: macros for use with the ms macro package
169: .Dp Li skel/
170: example . (dot) files for new accounts
171: .Dp Li tabset/
172: tab description files for a variety of terminals; used in
173: the termcap file; see termcap(5)
174: .Dp Li tmac/
175: text processing macros; see nroff(1) and troff(1)
176: .Dp Li zoneinfo/
177: timezone configuration information; see tzfile(5)
178: .Dp
179: .Dp Li src/
180: BSD and/or local source files
181: .Dw Fl
182: .Di L
183: .Dp Li bin/
184: src for files in /bin
185: .Dp Li contrib/
186: src for files in /usr/contrib
187: .Dp Li etc/
188: src for files in /etc
189: .Dp Li games/
190: src for files in /usr/games
191: .Dp Li include/
192: src for files in /usr/include
193: .Dp Li kerberosIV/
194: src for kerberos version IV
195: .Dp Li lib/
196: src for files in /usr/lib
197: .Dp Li libexec/
198: src for files in /usr/libexec
199: .Dp Li local/
200: src for files in /usr/local
201: .Dp Li old/
202: src for files in /usr/old
203: .Dp Li pgrm/
204: src for programming tools in /usr/bin
205: .Dp Li sbin/
206: src for files in /sbin
207: .Dp Li share/
208: src for files in /usr/share
209: .Dp Li sys/
210: kernel src files
211: .Dp Li usr.bin/
212: src for files in /usr/bin
213: .Dp Li usr.sbin/
214: src for files in /usr/sbin
215: .Dp
216: .Dp
217: .Dp Li /var/
218: multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files
219: .Dw Fl
220: .Di L
221: .Dp Li account/
222: system accounting files
223: .Dw Fl
224: .Di L
225: .Dp Li acct
226: execution accounting file; see acct(5)
227: .Dp
228: .Dp Li at/
229: timed command scheduling files; see at(1)
230: .Dp Li backups/
231: misc. backup files
232: .Dp Li db/
233: misc. automatically generated system-specific database files
234: .Dp Li games/
235: misc. game status and log files
236: .Dp Li log/
237: misc. system log files
238: .Dw Fl
239: .Di L
240: .Dp Li wtmp
241: login/logout log; see wtmp(5)
242: .Dp
243: .Dp Li mail/
244: user mailbox files
245: .Dp Li preserve/
246: temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death
247: of an editor; see ex(1)
248: .Dp Li quotas/
249: filesystem quota information files
250: .Dp Li run/
251: system information files describing various info about
252: system since it was booted
253: .Dw Fl
254: .Di L
255: .Dp Li utmp
256: database of current users; see utmp(5)
257: .Dp
258: .Dp Li rwho/
259: rwho data files; see rwhod(8), rwho(1), and ruptime(1)
260: .Dp Li spool/
261: misc. printer and mail system spooling directories
262: .Dw Fl
263: .Di L
264: .Dp Li ftp/
265: commonly ~ftp; the anonymous ftp root directory
266: .Dp Li mqueue/
267: undelivered mail queue; see sendmail(8)
268: .Dp Li output/
269: line printer spooling directories
270: .Dp Li secretmail/
271: secretmail spool directory; see xget(1)
272: .Dp Li uucp/
273: uucp spool directory
274: .Dp Li uucppublic/
275: commonly ~uucp; public uucp temporary directory
276: .Dp
277: .Dp Li tmp/
278: temporary files that are kept between system reboots
279: .Dp
280: .Dp Li /vmunix
281: pure kernel executable (the operating system loaded into memory
282: at boot time).
283: .Dp
284: .Sh SEE ALSO
285: .Xr ls 1 ,
286: .Xr apropos 1 ,
287: .Xr whatis 1 ,
288: .Xr whereis 1 ,
289: .Xr finger 1 ,
290: .Xr which 1 ,
291: .Xr find 1 ,
292: .Xr grep 1 ,
293: .Xr fsck 8
294: .Sh HISTORY
295: 4.4 BSD.
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