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1.1       root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1987, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
                      2: .\" All rights reserved.
                      3: .\"
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                      8: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
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                     15: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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                     17: .\"
                     18: .\"     @(#)hostname.7 6.5 (Berkeley) 6/24/90
                     19: .\"
                     20: .Dd June 24, 1990
                     21: .Dt HOSTNAME 7
                     22: .Os BSD 4.2
                     23: .Sh NAME
                     24: .Nm hostname
                     25: .Nd host name resolution description
                     26: .Sh DESCRIPTION
                     27: Hostnames are domains, where a domain is a hierarchical, dot-separated
                     28: list of subdomains; for example, the machine monet, in the Berkeley
                     29: subdomain of the EDU subdomain of the Internet would be represented as
                     30: .Pp
                     31: .Dl monet.Berkeley.EDU
                     32: .Pp
                     33: (with no trailing dot).
                     34: .Pp
                     35: Hostnames are often used with network client and server programs,
                     36: which must generally translate the name to an address for use.
                     37: (This function is generally performed by the library routine
                     38: .Xr gethostbyname  3  . )
                     39: Hostnames are resolved by the Internet name resolver in the following
                     40: fashion.
                     41: .Pp
                     42: If the name consists of a single component, i.e. contains no dot,
                     43: and if the environment variable
                     44: .Dq Ev HOSTALIASES
                     45: is set to the name of a file,
                     46: that file is searched for an string matching the input hostname.
                     47: The file should consist of lines made up of two white-space separated strings,
                     48: the first of which is the hostname alias,
                     49: and the second of which is the complete hostname
                     50: to be substituted for that alias.
                     51: If a case-insensitive match is found between the hostname to be resolved
                     52: and the first field of a line in the file, the substituted name is looked
                     53: up with no further processing.
                     54: .Pp
                     55: If the input name ends with a trailing dot,
                     56: the trailing dot is removed,
                     57: and the remaining name is looked up with no further processing.
                     58: .Pp
                     59: If the input name does not end with a trailing dot, it is looked up
                     60: by searching through a list of domains until a match is found.
                     61: The default search list includes first the local domain,
                     62: then its parent domains with at least 2 name components (longest first).
                     63: For example,
                     64: in the domain CS.Berkeley.EDU, the name lithium.CChem will be checked first
                     65: as lithium.CChem.CS.Berkeley.EDU and then as lithium.CChem.Berkeley.EDU.
                     66: Lithium.CChem.EDU will not be tried, as the there is only one component
                     67: remaining from the local domain.
                     68: The search path can be changed from the default
                     69: by a system-wide configuration file (see
                     70: .Xr resolver  5  ) .
                     71: .Sh SEE ALSO
                     72: .Xr gethostbyname 3 ,
                     73: .Xr resolver 5 ,
                     74: .Xr mailaddr 7 ,
                     75: .Xr named 8
                     76: .Sh HISTORY
                     77: .Nm Hostname
                     78: appeared in 4.2 BSD.

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