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1.1 root 1: # @(#)europe 4.10
2:
3: # International country codes are used to identify countries' rules and
4: # zones
5: #
6: # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, go
7: # ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8: # [email protected] for general use in the future).
9:
10: ###############################################################################
11:
12: # United Kingdom
13:
14: # From Arthur David Olson (January 19, 1989):
15: #
16: # The starting and ending dates below (from which the rules are derived)
17: # are from Whitaker's Almanack for 1987, page 146.
18: # 1960 is the earliest year for which dates are given;
19: # Whitaker's notes that British Summer Time (and, in some years, Double Summer
20: # Time) was observed in earlier years but does not give start and end dates.
21: #
22: # A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's
23: # known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom.
24: # 1960 April 10 October 2 (yes, 2, according to the almanac)
25: # 1961 March 26 October 29
26: # 1962 March 25 October 28
27: # 1963 March 31 October 27
28: # 1964 March 22 October 25
29: # 1965 March 21 October 24
30: # 1966 March 20 October 23
31: # 1967 March 19 October 29
32: # 1968 February 18 October 27
33: # "British Standard Time, also one hour ahead of G. M. T., was kept between
34: # 1968 Oct. 27-1971 Oct. 31."
35: # 1972 March 19 October 29
36: # 1973 March 18 October 28
37: # 1974 March 17 October 27
38: # 1975 March 16 October 26
39: # 1976 March 21 October 24
40: # 1977 March 20 October 23
41: # 1978 March 19 October 29
42: # 1979 March 18 October 28
43: # 1980 March 16 October 26
44: # 1981 March 29 October 25
45: # 1982 March 28 October 24
46: # 1983 March 27 October 23
47: # 1984 March 25 October 28
48: # 1985 March 31 October 27
49: # 1986 March 30 October 26
50: # 1987 March 29 October 25
51:
52: # From an Anonymous U. K. Donor (January 4, 1989):
53: #
54: # It is NOT possible to predict when [British Summer Time] will change
55: # in a future year.
56: #
57: # (The admiralty calculate when they think it should be (no more that a couple
58: # of years in advance) and advise the government who then decide whether or
59: # not they will take the admiralty's advice)
60: #
61: # ...the Gre[e]nwich...observatory...[was] very helpful.
62: #
63: # I was not able to track down the Admiralty formula (I tried hard but failed)
64:
65: # ...
66: # Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed)
67: # From: Jonathan Leffler <nih-csl!uunet!mcvax!sphinx.co.uk!john>
68: # ...
69: # [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament.
70: # If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in
71: # politics making a fortune, not computing.
72: #
73: # Summer time ends on Sunday 29 October 1989.
74:
75: # ...
76: # Date: 5 Jan 89 09:50:38 GMT (Thu)
77: # From: Peter Kendell <nih-csl!uunet!mcvax!tcom.stc.co.uk!pete>
78: # ...
79: #
80: # From my Collins Diary for 1989 -
81: #
82: # "At the time of going to press the Home Office was unable to confirm
83: # the 1989 starting and finishing dates for BST*, but expressed the
84: # view that 26 March and 29 October were the likeliest dates to be
85: # adopted"
86: #
87: # *British Summer Time.
88:
89: # From an Anonymous U. K. Donor (January 5, 1989):
90: #
91: # . . .our government is seriously considering applying Double Summer Time -
92: # putting the clocks forwards and back TWO hours for daylight saving time.
93: # This is advocated to standardise time in the EEC - we're all supposed to
94: # keep the same time and to change the clocks on the same dates in the future.
95:
96: # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
97: # Historic starting rules
98: Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr 10 1:00s 1:00 BST
99: Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 BST
100: Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 1:00s 1:00 BST
101: Rule GB-Eire 1968 only - Feb 18 1:00s 1:00 BST
102: Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 1:00s 1:00 BST
103: # Historic ending rules
104: Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Oct 2 1:00s 0 GMT
105: Rule GB-Eire 1961 1967 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00s 0 GMT
106: Rule GB-Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 1:00s 0 GMT
107: # Current rules
108: Rule GB-Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 BST
109: Rule GB-Eire 1972 max - Oct Sun>=23 1:00s 0 GMT
110:
111: # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
112: Zone GB-Eire 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00s
113: 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 1:00s
114: 0:00 GB-Eire %s
115:
116: ###############################################################################
117:
118: # Continental Europe
119:
120: # The use of 1986 as starting years below is conservative.
121:
122: Rule W-Eur 1986 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 " DST"
123: Rule W-Eur 1986 max - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -
124:
125: Rule M-Eur 1986 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 " DST"
126: Rule M-Eur 1986 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
127:
128: Rule E-Eur 1986 max - Mar lastSun 3:00s 1:00 " DST"
129: Rule E-Eur 1986 max - Sep lastSun 3:00s 0 -
130:
131: Rule Turkey 1986 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 " DST"
132: Rule Turkey 1986 max - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 -
133:
134: Rule W-SU 1986 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 " DST"
135: Rule W-SU 1986 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
136:
137: # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
138: Zone WET 0:00 W-Eur WET%s
139: Zone Iceland 0:00 - WET
140: Zone MET 1:00 M-Eur MET%s
141: Zone Poland 1:00 W-Eur MET%s
142: Zone EET 2:00 E-Eur EET%s
143: Zone Turkey 3:00 Turkey EET%s
144: Zone W-SU 3:00 M-Eur ????
145:
146: # Tom Hoffman says that MET is also known as Central European Time
147:
148: Link MET CET
149:
150: ###############################################################################
151:
152: # One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from
153: # the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986.
154: # The source shows Romania changing a day later than everybody else.
155: #
156: # According to Bernard Sieloff's source, Poland is in the MET time zone but
157: # uses the WE DST rules. The Western USSR uses EET+1 and ME DST rules.
158: # Bernard Sieloff's source claims Romania switches on the same day, but at
159: # 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST). It also claims that Turkey
160: # switches on the same day, but switches on at 01:00 standard time
161: # and off at 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST)
162:
163: # ...
164: # Date: Wed, 28 Jan 87 16:56:27 -0100
165: # From: seismo!mcvax!cgcha!wtho (Tom Hofmann)
166: # Message-Id: <[email protected]>
167: # ...
168: #
169: # ...the European time rules are...standardized since 1981, when
170: # most European coun[tr]ies started DST. Before that year, only
171: # a few countries (UK, France, Italy) had DST, each according
172: # to own national rules. In 1981, however, DST started on
173: # 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following
174: # years...
175: # But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions
176: # than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST
177: # one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep
178: # lastSun' in 1981---I don't know how they handle now.
179: #
180: # Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the
181: # Soviet Union (as far as I know).
182: #
183: # Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG,
184: # 4002 Basle, Switzerland
185: # UUCP: ...!mcvax!cernvax!cgcha!wtho
186:
187: # ...
188: # Date: Wed, 4 Feb 87 22:35:22 +0100
189: # From: seismo!mcvax!cwi.nl!dik (Dik T. Winter)
190: # ...
191: #
192: # The information from Tom Hofmann is (as far as I know) not entirely correct.
193: # After a request from chongo at amdahl I tried to retrieve all information
194: # about DST in Europe. I was able to find all from about 1969.
195: #
196: # ...standardization on DST in Europe started in about 1977 with switches on
197: # first Sunday in April and last Sunday in September...
198: # In 1981 UK joined Europe insofar that
199: # the starting day for both shifted to last Sunday in March. And from 1982
200: # the whole of Europe used DST, with switch dates April 1 and October 1 in
201: # the Sov[i]et Union. In 1985 the SU reverted to standard Europe[a]n switch
202: # dates...
203: #
204: # It should also be remembered that time-zones are not constants; e.g.
205: # Portugal switched in 1976 from MET (or CET) to WET with DST...
206: # Note also that though there were rules for switch dates not
207: # all countries abided to these dates, and many individual deviations
208: # occurred, though not since 1982 I believe. Another note: it is always
209: # assumed that DST is 1 hour ahead of normal time, this need not be the
210: # case; at least in the Netherlands there have been times when DST was 2 hours
211: # in advance of normal time.
212: #
213: # ...
214: # dik t. winter, cwi, amsterdam, nederland
215: # INTERNET : [email protected]
216: # BITNET/EARN: dik@mcvax
217:
218: # From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988):
219: # ...
220: # Greece: Last Sunday in April to last Sunday in September (iffy on dates).
221: # Since 1978. Change at midnight.
222: # ...
223: # Monaco: has same DST as France.
224: # ...
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