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Annotation of 43BSDReno/usr.bin/chpass/chpass.1, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1988, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
        !             2: .\" All rights reserved.
        !             3: .\"
        !             4: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
        !             5: .\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
        !             6: .\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
        !             7: .\" acknowledgement:  ``This product includes software developed by the
        !             8: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
        !             9: .\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in
        !            10: .\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
        !            11: .\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
        !            12: .\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
        !            13: .\" specific prior written permission.
        !            14: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
        !            15: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
        !            16: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
        !            17: .\"
        !            18: .\"     @(#)chpass.1   5.9 (Berkeley) 7/24/90
        !            19: .\"
        !            20: .Dd July 24, 1990
        !            21: .Dt CHPASS 1
        !            22: .Os BSD 4.4
        !            23: .Sh NAME
        !            24: .Nm chpass
        !            25: .Nd add or change user database information
        !            26: .Sh SYNOPSIS
        !            27: chpass
        !            28: .Op Fl a Ar list
        !            29: .Op Fl s Ar shell
        !            30: .Op user
        !            31: .Sh DESCRIPTION
        !            32: .Nm Chpass
        !            33: allows editing of the user database information associated
        !            34: with
        !            35: .Ar user
        !            36: or, by default, the current user.
        !            37: The information is formatted and supplied to an editor for changes.
        !            38: .Pp
        !            39: Only the information that the user is allowed to change is displayed.
        !            40: .Pp
        !            41: The options are as follows:
        !            42: .Tw Ds
        !            43: .Tp Fl a
        !            44: The super-user is allowed to directly supply a user database
        !            45: entry, in the format specified by
        !            46: .Xr passwd 5 ,
        !            47: as an argument.
        !            48: This argument must be a colon (``:'') separated list of all the
        !            49: user database fields, although they may be empty.
        !            50: .Tp Fl s
        !            51: The
        !            52: .Fl s
        !            53: option attempts to change the user's shell to
        !            54: .Ar newsh .
        !            55: .Tp
        !            56: .Pp
        !            57: Possible display items are as follows:
        !            58: .Pp
        !            59: .Dw Home\ Directory:
        !            60: .Dp Login:
        !            61: user's login name
        !            62: .Dp Password:
        !            63: user's encrypted password
        !            64: .Dp Uid:
        !            65: user's id
        !            66: .Dp Gid:
        !            67: user's login group id
        !            68: .Dp Change:
        !            69: password change time
        !            70: .Dp Expire:
        !            71: account expiration time
        !            72: .Dp Class:
        !            73: user's general classification
        !            74: .Dp Home Directory:
        !            75: user's home directory
        !            76: .Dp Shell:
        !            77: user's login shell
        !            78: .Dp Full Name:
        !            79: user's real name
        !            80: .Dp Location:
        !            81: user's normal location
        !            82: .Dp Home Phone:
        !            83: user's home phone
        !            84: .Dp Office Phone:
        !            85: user's office phone
        !            86: .Dp
        !            87: .Pp
        !            88: The
        !            89: .Ar login
        !            90: field is the user name used to access the computer account.
        !            91: .Pp
        !            92: The
        !            93: .Ar password
        !            94: field contains the encrypted form of the user's password.
        !            95: .Pp
        !            96: The
        !            97: .Ar uid
        !            98: field is the number associated with the
        !            99: .Ar login
        !           100: field.
        !           101: Both of these fields should be unique across the system (and often
        !           102: across a group of systems) as they control file access.
        !           103: .Pp
        !           104: While it is possible to have multiple entries with identical login names
        !           105: and/or identical user id's, it is usually a mistake to do so.  Routines
        !           106: that manipulate these files will often return only one of the multiple
        !           107: entries, and that one by random selection.
        !           108: .Pp
        !           109: The
        !           110: .Ar group
        !           111: field is the group that the user will be placed in at login.
        !           112: Since this system supports multiple groups (see
        !           113: .Xr groups 1 )
        !           114: this field currently has little special meaning.
        !           115: This field may be filled in with either a number or a group name (see
        !           116: .Xr group 5 ) .
        !           117: .Pp
        !           118: The
        !           119: .Ar change
        !           120: field is the date by which the password must be changed.
        !           121: .Pp
        !           122: The
        !           123: .Ar expire
        !           124: field is the date on which the account expires.
        !           125: .Pp
        !           126: Both the
        !           127: .Ar change
        !           128: and
        !           129: .Ar expire
        !           130: fields should be entered in the form ``month day year'' where
        !           131: .Ar month
        !           132: is the month name (the first three characters are sufficient),
        !           133: .Ar day
        !           134: is the day of the month, and
        !           135: .Ar year
        !           136: is the year.
        !           137: .bp
        !           138: The
        !           139: .Ar class
        !           140: field is currently unused.  In the near future it will be a key to
        !           141: a
        !           142: .Xr termcap 5
        !           143: style database of user attributes.
        !           144: .Pp
        !           145: The user's
        !           146: .Ar home directory
        !           147: is the full UNIX path name where the user
        !           148: will be placed at login.
        !           149: .Pp
        !           150: The
        !           151: .Ar shell
        !           152: field is the command interpreter the user prefers.
        !           153: If the
        !           154: .Ar shell
        !           155: field is empty, the Bourne shell,
        !           156: .Pa /bin/sh ,
        !           157: is assumed.
        !           158: When altering a login shell, and not the super-user, the user
        !           159: may not change from a non-standard shell or to a non-standard
        !           160: shell.
        !           161: Non-standard is defined as a shell not found in
        !           162: .Pa /etc/shells .
        !           163: .Pp
        !           164: The last four fields are for storing the user's
        !           165: .Ar full name , office location ,
        !           166: and
        !           167: .Ar home
        !           168: and
        !           169: .Ar work telephone
        !           170: numbers.
        !           171: .Pp
        !           172: Once the information has been verified,
        !           173: .Nm chpass
        !           174: uses
        !           175: .Xr mkpasswd 8
        !           176: to update the user database.  This is run in the background, and,
        !           177: at very large sites could take several minutes.  Until this update
        !           178: is completed, the password file is unavailable for other updates
        !           179: and the new information will not be available to programs.
        !           180: .Sh ENVIRONMENT
        !           181: The
        !           182: .Xr vi 1
        !           183: editor will be used unless the environment variable EDITOR is set to
        !           184: an alternate editor.
        !           185: When the editor terminates, the information is re-read and used to
        !           186: update the user database itself.
        !           187: Only the user, or the super-user, may edit the information associated
        !           188: with the user.
        !           189: .Sh FILES
        !           190: .Dw /etc/master.passwd
        !           191: .Di L
        !           192: .Dp Pa /etc/master.passwd
        !           193: The user database
        !           194: .Dp Pa /etc/shells
        !           195: The list of approved shells
        !           196: .Dp
        !           197: .Sh SEE ALSO
        !           198: .Xr login 1 ,
        !           199: .Xr finger 1 ,
        !           200: .Xr getusershell 3 ,
        !           201: .Xr passwd 5 ,
        !           202: .Xr mkpasswd 8 ,
        !           203: .Xr vipw 8
        !           204: .Pp
        !           205: Robert Morris and Ken Thompson,
        !           206: .Ar UNIX Password security
        !           207: .Sh HISTORY
        !           208: First release 4.3 Reno BSD.
        !           209: .Sh BUGS
        !           210: User information should (and eventually will) be stored elsewhere.

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