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1.1 root 1: .\" Copyright (c) 1988, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
2: .\" All rights reserved.
3: .\"
4: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
5: .\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
6: .\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
7: .\" acknowledgement: ``This product includes software developed by the
8: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
9: .\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in
10: .\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
11: .\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
12: .\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
13: .\" specific prior written permission.
14: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
15: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
16: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
17: .\"
18: .\" @(#)chpass.1 5.9 (Berkeley) 7/24/90
19: .\"
20: .Dd July 24, 1990
21: .Dt CHPASS 1
22: .Os BSD 4.4
23: .Sh NAME
24: .Nm chpass
25: .Nd add or change user database information
26: .Sh SYNOPSIS
27: chpass
28: .Op Fl a Ar list
29: .Op Fl s Ar shell
30: .Op user
31: .Sh DESCRIPTION
32: .Nm Chpass
33: allows editing of the user database information associated
34: with
35: .Ar user
36: or, by default, the current user.
37: The information is formatted and supplied to an editor for changes.
38: .Pp
39: Only the information that the user is allowed to change is displayed.
40: .Pp
41: The options are as follows:
42: .Tw Ds
43: .Tp Fl a
44: The super-user is allowed to directly supply a user database
45: entry, in the format specified by
46: .Xr passwd 5 ,
47: as an argument.
48: This argument must be a colon (``:'') separated list of all the
49: user database fields, although they may be empty.
50: .Tp Fl s
51: The
52: .Fl s
53: option attempts to change the user's shell to
54: .Ar newsh .
55: .Tp
56: .Pp
57: Possible display items are as follows:
58: .Pp
59: .Dw Home\ Directory:
60: .Dp Login:
61: user's login name
62: .Dp Password:
63: user's encrypted password
64: .Dp Uid:
65: user's id
66: .Dp Gid:
67: user's login group id
68: .Dp Change:
69: password change time
70: .Dp Expire:
71: account expiration time
72: .Dp Class:
73: user's general classification
74: .Dp Home Directory:
75: user's home directory
76: .Dp Shell:
77: user's login shell
78: .Dp Full Name:
79: user's real name
80: .Dp Location:
81: user's normal location
82: .Dp Home Phone:
83: user's home phone
84: .Dp Office Phone:
85: user's office phone
86: .Dp
87: .Pp
88: The
89: .Ar login
90: field is the user name used to access the computer account.
91: .Pp
92: The
93: .Ar password
94: field contains the encrypted form of the user's password.
95: .Pp
96: The
97: .Ar uid
98: field is the number associated with the
99: .Ar login
100: field.
101: Both of these fields should be unique across the system (and often
102: across a group of systems) as they control file access.
103: .Pp
104: While it is possible to have multiple entries with identical login names
105: and/or identical user id's, it is usually a mistake to do so. Routines
106: that manipulate these files will often return only one of the multiple
107: entries, and that one by random selection.
108: .Pp
109: The
110: .Ar group
111: field is the group that the user will be placed in at login.
112: Since this system supports multiple groups (see
113: .Xr groups 1 )
114: this field currently has little special meaning.
115: This field may be filled in with either a number or a group name (see
116: .Xr group 5 ) .
117: .Pp
118: The
119: .Ar change
120: field is the date by which the password must be changed.
121: .Pp
122: The
123: .Ar expire
124: field is the date on which the account expires.
125: .Pp
126: Both the
127: .Ar change
128: and
129: .Ar expire
130: fields should be entered in the form ``month day year'' where
131: .Ar month
132: is the month name (the first three characters are sufficient),
133: .Ar day
134: is the day of the month, and
135: .Ar year
136: is the year.
137: .bp
138: The
139: .Ar class
140: field is currently unused. In the near future it will be a key to
141: a
142: .Xr termcap 5
143: style database of user attributes.
144: .Pp
145: The user's
146: .Ar home directory
147: is the full UNIX path name where the user
148: will be placed at login.
149: .Pp
150: The
151: .Ar shell
152: field is the command interpreter the user prefers.
153: If the
154: .Ar shell
155: field is empty, the Bourne shell,
156: .Pa /bin/sh ,
157: is assumed.
158: When altering a login shell, and not the super-user, the user
159: may not change from a non-standard shell or to a non-standard
160: shell.
161: Non-standard is defined as a shell not found in
162: .Pa /etc/shells .
163: .Pp
164: The last four fields are for storing the user's
165: .Ar full name , office location ,
166: and
167: .Ar home
168: and
169: .Ar work telephone
170: numbers.
171: .Pp
172: Once the information has been verified,
173: .Nm chpass
174: uses
175: .Xr mkpasswd 8
176: to update the user database. This is run in the background, and,
177: at very large sites could take several minutes. Until this update
178: is completed, the password file is unavailable for other updates
179: and the new information will not be available to programs.
180: .Sh ENVIRONMENT
181: The
182: .Xr vi 1
183: editor will be used unless the environment variable EDITOR is set to
184: an alternate editor.
185: When the editor terminates, the information is re-read and used to
186: update the user database itself.
187: Only the user, or the super-user, may edit the information associated
188: with the user.
189: .Sh FILES
190: .Dw /etc/master.passwd
191: .Di L
192: .Dp Pa /etc/master.passwd
193: The user database
194: .Dp Pa /etc/shells
195: The list of approved shells
196: .Dp
197: .Sh SEE ALSO
198: .Xr login 1 ,
199: .Xr finger 1 ,
200: .Xr getusershell 3 ,
201: .Xr passwd 5 ,
202: .Xr mkpasswd 8 ,
203: .Xr vipw 8
204: .Pp
205: Robert Morris and Ken Thompson,
206: .Ar UNIX Password security
207: .Sh HISTORY
208: First release 4.3 Reno BSD.
209: .Sh BUGS
210: User information should (and eventually will) be stored elsewhere.
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