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1.1 ! root 1: .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990 The Regents of the University of California. ! 2: .\" All rights reserved. ! 3: .\" ! 4: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided ! 5: .\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and ! 6: .\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following ! 7: .\" acknowledgement: ``This product includes software developed by the ! 8: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the ! 9: .\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in ! 10: .\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software. ! 11: .\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may ! 12: .\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without ! 13: .\" specific prior written permission. ! 14: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED ! 15: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ! 16: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ! 17: .\" ! 18: .\" @(#)last.1 6.6 (Berkeley) 7/24/90 ! 19: .\" ! 20: .Dd July 24, 1990 ! 21: .Dt LAST 1 ! 22: .Os BSD 4 ! 23: .Sh NAME ! 24: .Nm last ! 25: .Nd indicate last logins of users and ttys ! 26: .Sh SYNOPSIS ! 27: .Nm last ! 28: .Oo ! 29: .Op Fl Ar \&# ! 30: .Oo ! 31: .Op Fl f Ar file ! 32: .Op Fl h Ar host ! 33: .Op Fl t Ar tty ! 34: .Op user ... ! 35: .Sh DESCRIPTION ! 36: .Nm Last ! 37: will list the sessions of specified ! 38: .Ar users , ! 39: .Ar ttys , ! 40: and ! 41: .Ar hosts , ! 42: in reverse time order. Each line of output contains ! 43: the user name, the tty from which the session was conducted, any ! 44: hostname, the start and stop times for the session, and the duration ! 45: of the session. If the session is still continuing or was cut short by ! 46: a crash or shutdown, ! 47: .Nm last ! 48: will so indicate. ! 49: .Pp ! 50: .Tw Fl ! 51: .Tc Fl f ! 52: .Ws ! 53: .Ar file ! 54: .Cx ! 55: .Nm Last ! 56: reads the file ! 57: .Ar file ! 58: instead of the default, ! 59: .Pa /var/log/wtmp . ! 60: .Tc Fl ! 61: .Ar \&# ! 62: .Cx ! 63: option limits the report to ! 64: .Ar \&# ! 65: lines. ! 66: .Tc Fl t ! 67: .Ws ! 68: .Ar tty ! 69: .Cx ! 70: Specify the ! 71: .Ar tty . ! 72: Tty names may be given fully or abbreviated, e.g., ``last -t 03'' is ! 73: equivalent to ``last -t tty03''. ! 74: .Tc Fl h ! 75: .Ws ! 76: .Ar host ! 77: .Cx ! 78: .Ar Host ! 79: names may be names or internet numbers. ! 80: .Tp ! 81: .Pp ! 82: If ! 83: multiple arguments are given, the information which applies to any of the ! 84: arguments is printed, e.g., ``last root -t console'' would list all of ! 85: ``root's'' sessions as well as all sessions on the console terminal. If no ! 86: users, hostnames or terminals are specified, ! 87: .Nm last ! 88: prints a record of ! 89: all logins and logouts. ! 90: .Pp ! 91: The pseudo-user ! 92: .Ar reboot ! 93: logs in at reboots of the system, thus ! 94: ``last reboot'' will give an indication of mean time between reboot. ! 95: .Pp ! 96: If ! 97: .Nm last ! 98: is interrupted, it indicates to what date the search has ! 99: progressed. If interrupted with a quit signal ! 100: .Nm last ! 101: indicates how ! 102: far the search has progressed and then continues. ! 103: .Sh FILES ! 104: .Dw /var/log/wtmp ! 105: .Di L ! 106: .Dp Pa /var/log/wtmp ! 107: login data base ! 108: .Dp ! 109: .Sh SEE ALSO ! 110: .Xr lastcomm 1 , ! 111: .Xr utmp 5 , ! 112: .Xr ac 8 ! 113: .Sh HISTORY ! 114: .Nm Last ! 115: appeared in 3 BSD.
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