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Annotation of 43BSDReno/usr.bin/netstat/netstat.1, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
        !             2: .\" All rights reserved.
        !             3: .\"
        !             4: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
        !             5: .\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
        !             6: .\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
        !             7: .\" acknowledgement:  ``This product includes software developed by the
        !             8: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
        !             9: .\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in
        !            10: .\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
        !            11: .\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
        !            12: .\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
        !            13: .\" specific prior written permission.
        !            14: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
        !            15: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
        !            16: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
        !            17: .\"
        !            18: .\"     @(#)netstat.1  6.11 (Berkeley) 7/24/90
        !            19: .\"
        !            20: .Dd July 24, 1990
        !            21: .Dt NETSTAT 1
        !            22: .Os BSD 4.2
        !            23: .Sh NAME
        !            24: .Nm netstat
        !            25: .Nd show network status
        !            26: .Sh SYNOPSIS
        !            27: .Nm netstat
        !            28: .Op Fl Aan
        !            29: .Op Fl f Ar address_family
        !            30: .Op Ar system
        !            31: .Op Ar core
        !            32: .Nm netstat
        !            33: .Op Fl himnrs
        !            34: .Op Fl f Ar address_family
        !            35: .Op Ar system
        !            36: .Op Ar core
        !            37: .Nm netstat
        !            38: .Op Fl n
        !            39: .Op Fl I Op Ar interface
        !            40: .Ar interval
        !            41: .Op Ar system
        !            42: .Op Ar core
        !            43: .Nm netstat
        !            44: .Op Fl p Ar protocol
        !            45: .Op Ar system
        !            46: .Op Ar core
        !            47: .Sh DESCRIPTION
        !            48: The
        !            49: .Nm netstat
        !            50: command symbolically displays the contents of various network-related
        !            51: data structures.
        !            52: There are a number of output formats,
        !            53: depending on the options for the information presented.
        !            54: The first form of the command displays a list of active sockets for
        !            55: each protocol.
        !            56: The second form presents the contents of one of the other network
        !            57: data structures according to the option selected.
        !            58: Using the third form, with an
        !            59: .Ar interval
        !            60: specified,
        !            61: .Nm netstat
        !            62: will continuously display the information regarding packet
        !            63: traffic on the configured network interfaces.
        !            64: The fourth form displays statistics about the named protocol.
        !            65: .Pp
        !            66: The options have the following meaning:
        !            67: .Tw Fl
        !            68: .Tp Fl A
        !            69: With the default display,
        !            70: show the address of any protocol control blocks associated with sockets; used
        !            71: for debugging.
        !            72: .Tp Fl a
        !            73: With the default display,
        !            74: show the state of all sockets; normally sockets used by
        !            75: server processes are not shown.
        !            76: .Tp Fl d
        !            77: With either interface display (option
        !            78: .Fl i
        !            79: or an interval, as described below),
        !            80: show the number of dropped packets.
        !            81: .Tp Fl h
        !            82: Show the state of the IMP host table.
        !            83: .Tp Fl i
        !            84: Show the state of interfaces which have been auto-configured
        !            85: (interfaces statically configured into a system, but not
        !            86: located at boot time are not shown).
        !            87: .Tp Cx Fl I
        !            88: .Ws
        !            89: .Ar interface
        !            90: .Cx
        !            91: Show information only about this interface;
        !            92: used with an
        !            93: .Ar interval
        !            94: as described below.
        !            95: .Tp Fl m
        !            96: Show statistics recorded by the memory management routines
        !            97: (the network manages a private pool of memory buffers).
        !            98: .Tp Fl n
        !            99: Show network addresses as numbers (normally
        !           100: .Nm netstat
        !           101: interprets addresses and attempts to display them
        !           102: symbolically).
        !           103: This option may be used with any of the display formats.
        !           104: .Tp Cx Fl p
        !           105: .Ws
        !           106: .Ar protocol
        !           107: .Cx
        !           108: Show statistics about
        !           109: .Ar protocol  ,
        !           110: which is either a well-known name for a protocol or an alias for it.  Some
        !           111: protocol names and aliases are listed in the file
        !           112: .Pa /etc/protocols .
        !           113: A null response typically means that there are no interesting numbers to
        !           114: report.
        !           115: The program will complain if
        !           116: .Ar protocol
        !           117: is unknown or if there is no statistics routine for it.
        !           118: .Tp Fl s
        !           119: Show per-protocol statistics.
        !           120: .Tp Fl r
        !           121: Show the routing tables.
        !           122: When
        !           123: .Fl s
        !           124: is also present, show routing statistics instead.
        !           125: .Tp Cx Fl f
        !           126: .Ws
        !           127: .Ar address_family
        !           128: .Cx
        !           129: Limit statistics or address control block reports to those
        !           130: of the specified
        !           131: .Ar address family  .
        !           132: The following address families
        !           133: are recognized:
        !           134: .Ar inet  ,
        !           135: for
        !           136: .Li AF_INET  ,
        !           137: .Ar ns ,
        !           138: for
        !           139: .Li AF_NS  ,
        !           140: and
        !           141: .Ar unix  ,
        !           142: for
        !           143: .Li AF_UNIX  .
        !           144: .Tp
        !           145: .Pp
        !           146: The arguments,
        !           147: .Ar system
        !           148: and
        !           149: .Ar core
        !           150: allow substitutes for the defaults
        !           151: .Dq Pa vmunix
        !           152: and
        !           153: .Dq Pa /dev/kmem .
        !           154: .Pp
        !           155: The default display, for active sockets, shows the local
        !           156: and remote addresses, send and receive queue sizes (in bytes), protocol,
        !           157: and the internal state of the protocol.
        !           158: Address formats are of the form ``host.port'' or ``network.port''
        !           159: if a socket's address specifies a network but no specific host address.
        !           160: When known the host and network addresses are displayed symbolically
        !           161: according to the data bases
        !           162: .Pa /etc/hosts
        !           163: and
        !           164: .Pa /etc/networks ,
        !           165: respectively.  If a symbolic name for an address is unknown, or if
        !           166: the
        !           167: .Fl n
        !           168: option is specified, the address is printed numerically, according
        !           169: to the address family.
        !           170: For more information regarding
        !           171: the Internet ``dot format,''
        !           172: refer to
        !           173: .Xr inet 3 ) .
        !           174: Unspecified,
        !           175: or ``wildcard'', addresses and ports appear as ``*''.
        !           176: .Pp
        !           177: The interface display provides a table of cumulative
        !           178: statistics regarding packets transferred, errors, and collisions.
        !           179: The network addresses of the interface
        !           180: and the maximum transmission unit (``mtu'') are also displayed.
        !           181: .Pp
        !           182: The routing table display indicates the available routes and
        !           183: their status.  Each route consists of a destination host or network
        !           184: and a gateway to use in forwarding packets.  The flags field shows
        !           185: the state of the route (``U'' if ``up''), whether the route
        !           186: is to a gateway (``G''), whether the route was created dynamically
        !           187: by a redirect (``D''), and whether the route has been modified
        !           188: by a redirect (``M'').  Direct routes are created for each
        !           189: interface attached to the local host;
        !           190: the gateway field for such entries shows the address of the outgoing interface.
        !           191: The refcnt field gives the
        !           192: current number of active uses of the route.  Connection oriented
        !           193: protocols normally hold on to a single route for the duration of
        !           194: a connection while connectionless protocols obtain a route while sending
        !           195: to the same destination.
        !           196: The use field provides a count of the number of packets
        !           197: sent using that route.  The interface entry indicates the network
        !           198: interface utilized for the route.
        !           199: .Pp
        !           200: When
        !           201: .Nm netstat
        !           202: is invoked with an
        !           203: .Ar interval
        !           204: argument, it displays a running count of statistics related to
        !           205: network interfaces.  This display consists of a
        !           206: column for the primary interface
        !           207: (the first interface found during autoconfiguration)
        !           208: and a column summarizing
        !           209: information for all interfaces.
        !           210: The primary interface may be replaced with another interface with the
        !           211: .Fl I
        !           212: option.
        !           213: The first line of each screen of information contains a summary since the
        !           214: system was last rebooted.  Subsequent lines of output show values
        !           215: accumulated over the preceding interval.
        !           216: .Sh SEE ALSO
        !           217: .Xr iostat 1 ,
        !           218: .Xr vmstat 1 ,
        !           219: .Xr hosts 5 ,
        !           220: .Xr networks 5 ,
        !           221: .Xr protocols 5 ,
        !           222: .Xr services 5 ,
        !           223: .Xr trpt 8
        !           224: .Sh HISTORY
        !           225: .Nm Netstat
        !           226: appeared in 4.2 BSD.
        !           227: .Sh BUGS
        !           228: The notion of errors is ill-defined.  Collisions mean
        !           229: something else for the IMP.

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