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1.1 root 1: .\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
2: .\" All rights reserved.
3: .\"
4: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
5: .\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
6: .\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
7: .\" acknowledgement: ``This product includes software developed by the
8: .\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
9: .\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in
10: .\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
11: .\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
12: .\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
13: .\" specific prior written permission.
14: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
15: .\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
16: .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
17: .\"
18: .\" @(#)netstat.1 6.11 (Berkeley) 7/24/90
19: .\"
20: .Dd July 24, 1990
21: .Dt NETSTAT 1
22: .Os BSD 4.2
23: .Sh NAME
24: .Nm netstat
25: .Nd show network status
26: .Sh SYNOPSIS
27: .Nm netstat
28: .Op Fl Aan
29: .Op Fl f Ar address_family
30: .Op Ar system
31: .Op Ar core
32: .Nm netstat
33: .Op Fl himnrs
34: .Op Fl f Ar address_family
35: .Op Ar system
36: .Op Ar core
37: .Nm netstat
38: .Op Fl n
39: .Op Fl I Op Ar interface
40: .Ar interval
41: .Op Ar system
42: .Op Ar core
43: .Nm netstat
44: .Op Fl p Ar protocol
45: .Op Ar system
46: .Op Ar core
47: .Sh DESCRIPTION
48: The
49: .Nm netstat
50: command symbolically displays the contents of various network-related
51: data structures.
52: There are a number of output formats,
53: depending on the options for the information presented.
54: The first form of the command displays a list of active sockets for
55: each protocol.
56: The second form presents the contents of one of the other network
57: data structures according to the option selected.
58: Using the third form, with an
59: .Ar interval
60: specified,
61: .Nm netstat
62: will continuously display the information regarding packet
63: traffic on the configured network interfaces.
64: The fourth form displays statistics about the named protocol.
65: .Pp
66: The options have the following meaning:
67: .Tw Fl
68: .Tp Fl A
69: With the default display,
70: show the address of any protocol control blocks associated with sockets; used
71: for debugging.
72: .Tp Fl a
73: With the default display,
74: show the state of all sockets; normally sockets used by
75: server processes are not shown.
76: .Tp Fl d
77: With either interface display (option
78: .Fl i
79: or an interval, as described below),
80: show the number of dropped packets.
81: .Tp Fl h
82: Show the state of the IMP host table.
83: .Tp Fl i
84: Show the state of interfaces which have been auto-configured
85: (interfaces statically configured into a system, but not
86: located at boot time are not shown).
87: .Tp Cx Fl I
88: .Ws
89: .Ar interface
90: .Cx
91: Show information only about this interface;
92: used with an
93: .Ar interval
94: as described below.
95: .Tp Fl m
96: Show statistics recorded by the memory management routines
97: (the network manages a private pool of memory buffers).
98: .Tp Fl n
99: Show network addresses as numbers (normally
100: .Nm netstat
101: interprets addresses and attempts to display them
102: symbolically).
103: This option may be used with any of the display formats.
104: .Tp Cx Fl p
105: .Ws
106: .Ar protocol
107: .Cx
108: Show statistics about
109: .Ar protocol ,
110: which is either a well-known name for a protocol or an alias for it. Some
111: protocol names and aliases are listed in the file
112: .Pa /etc/protocols .
113: A null response typically means that there are no interesting numbers to
114: report.
115: The program will complain if
116: .Ar protocol
117: is unknown or if there is no statistics routine for it.
118: .Tp Fl s
119: Show per-protocol statistics.
120: .Tp Fl r
121: Show the routing tables.
122: When
123: .Fl s
124: is also present, show routing statistics instead.
125: .Tp Cx Fl f
126: .Ws
127: .Ar address_family
128: .Cx
129: Limit statistics or address control block reports to those
130: of the specified
131: .Ar address family .
132: The following address families
133: are recognized:
134: .Ar inet ,
135: for
136: .Li AF_INET ,
137: .Ar ns ,
138: for
139: .Li AF_NS ,
140: and
141: .Ar unix ,
142: for
143: .Li AF_UNIX .
144: .Tp
145: .Pp
146: The arguments,
147: .Ar system
148: and
149: .Ar core
150: allow substitutes for the defaults
151: .Dq Pa vmunix
152: and
153: .Dq Pa /dev/kmem .
154: .Pp
155: The default display, for active sockets, shows the local
156: and remote addresses, send and receive queue sizes (in bytes), protocol,
157: and the internal state of the protocol.
158: Address formats are of the form ``host.port'' or ``network.port''
159: if a socket's address specifies a network but no specific host address.
160: When known the host and network addresses are displayed symbolically
161: according to the data bases
162: .Pa /etc/hosts
163: and
164: .Pa /etc/networks ,
165: respectively. If a symbolic name for an address is unknown, or if
166: the
167: .Fl n
168: option is specified, the address is printed numerically, according
169: to the address family.
170: For more information regarding
171: the Internet ``dot format,''
172: refer to
173: .Xr inet 3 ) .
174: Unspecified,
175: or ``wildcard'', addresses and ports appear as ``*''.
176: .Pp
177: The interface display provides a table of cumulative
178: statistics regarding packets transferred, errors, and collisions.
179: The network addresses of the interface
180: and the maximum transmission unit (``mtu'') are also displayed.
181: .Pp
182: The routing table display indicates the available routes and
183: their status. Each route consists of a destination host or network
184: and a gateway to use in forwarding packets. The flags field shows
185: the state of the route (``U'' if ``up''), whether the route
186: is to a gateway (``G''), whether the route was created dynamically
187: by a redirect (``D''), and whether the route has been modified
188: by a redirect (``M''). Direct routes are created for each
189: interface attached to the local host;
190: the gateway field for such entries shows the address of the outgoing interface.
191: The refcnt field gives the
192: current number of active uses of the route. Connection oriented
193: protocols normally hold on to a single route for the duration of
194: a connection while connectionless protocols obtain a route while sending
195: to the same destination.
196: The use field provides a count of the number of packets
197: sent using that route. The interface entry indicates the network
198: interface utilized for the route.
199: .Pp
200: When
201: .Nm netstat
202: is invoked with an
203: .Ar interval
204: argument, it displays a running count of statistics related to
205: network interfaces. This display consists of a
206: column for the primary interface
207: (the first interface found during autoconfiguration)
208: and a column summarizing
209: information for all interfaces.
210: The primary interface may be replaced with another interface with the
211: .Fl I
212: option.
213: The first line of each screen of information contains a summary since the
214: system was last rebooted. Subsequent lines of output show values
215: accumulated over the preceding interval.
216: .Sh SEE ALSO
217: .Xr iostat 1 ,
218: .Xr vmstat 1 ,
219: .Xr hosts 5 ,
220: .Xr networks 5 ,
221: .Xr protocols 5 ,
222: .Xr services 5 ,
223: .Xr trpt 8
224: .Sh HISTORY
225: .Nm Netstat
226: appeared in 4.2 BSD.
227: .Sh BUGS
228: The notion of errors is ill-defined. Collisions mean
229: something else for the IMP.
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