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Annotation of 43BSDReno/usr.bin/uucp/L.sys.0, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: 
        !             2: 
        !             3: 
        !             4: L.SYS(5)                     1986                       L.SYS(5)
        !             5: 
        !             6: 
        !             7: 
        !             8: NNAAMMEE
        !             9:      L.sys - UUCP remote host description file
        !            10: 
        !            11: DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
        !            12:      The _L._s_y_s file is consulted by the UUCP daemon _u_u_c_i_c_o(8C)
        !            13:      for information on remote systems.  _L._s_y_s includes the sys-
        !            14:      tem name, appropriate times to call, phone numbers, and a
        !            15:      login and password for the remote system. _L._s_y_s is thus a
        !            16:      privileged file, owned by the UUCP Administrator; it is
        !            17:      accessible only to the Administrator and to the superuser.
        !            18: 
        !            19:      Each line in _L._s_y_s describes one connection to one remote
        !            20:      host, and has the form:
        !            21: 
        !            22:      System  Times  Caller  Class  Device/Phone_Number [Expect  Send]....
        !            23: 
        !            24:      Fields can be separated by any number of blanks or tabs.
        !            25:      Lines beginning with a `#' character are comments; long
        !            26:      lines can be continued by appending a `\' character to the
        !            27:      end of the line.
        !            28: 
        !            29:      The first five fields (_S_y_s_t_e_m through _D_e_v_i_c_e/_P_h_o_n_e__N_u_m_b_e_r)
        !            30:      specify the hardware mechanism that is necessary to make a
        !            31:      connection to a remote host, such as a modem or network.
        !            32:      _U_u_c_i_c_o searches from the top down through _L._s_y_s to find the
        !            33:      desired _S_y_s_t_e_m; it then opens the _L-_d_e_v_i_c_e_s(5) file and
        !            34:      searches for the first available device with the same
        !            35:      _C_a_l_l_e_r, _C_l_a_s_s, and (possibly) _D_e_v_i_c_e.  (``Available'' means
        !            36:      that the device is ready and not being used for something
        !            37:      else.) _U_u_c_i_c_o attempts a connection using that device; if
        !            38:      the connection cannot be made (for example, a dialer gets a
        !            39:      busy signal), _u_u_c_i_c_o tries the next available device. If
        !            40:      this also fails, it returns to _L._s_y_s to look for another
        !            41:      line for the same _S_y_s_t_e_m.     If none is found, _u_u_c_i_c_o gives
        !            42:      up.
        !            43: 
        !            44:      _S_y_s_t_e_m is the hostname of the remote system.  Every machine
        !            45:      with which this system communicates via UUCP should be
        !            46:      listed, regardless of who calls whom.  Systems not listed in
        !            47:      _L._s_y_s will not be permitted a connection. The local host-
        !            48:      name should nnoott appear here for security reasons.
        !            49: 
        !            50:      _T_i_m_e_s is a comma-separated list of the times of the day and
        !            51:      week that calls are permitted to this _S_y_s_t_e_m.  _T_i_m_e_s is most
        !            52:      commonly used to restrict long distance telephone calls to
        !            53:      those times when rates are lower. List items are con-
        !            54:      structed as:
        !            55: 
        !            56:          _k_e_y_w_o_r_dhhmm--hhmm//_g_r_a_d_e;;_r_e_t_r_y__t_i_m_e
        !            57: 
        !            58:      _K_e_y_w_o_r_d is required, and must be one of:
        !            59: 
        !            60: 
        !            61: 
        !            62: 
        !            63: Printed 7/4/90               April                             1
        !            64: 
        !            65: 
        !            66: 
        !            67: 
        !            68: 
        !            69: 
        !            70: L.SYS(5)                     1986                       L.SYS(5)
        !            71: 
        !            72: 
        !            73: 
        !            74:      AAnnyy     Any time, any day of the week.
        !            75: 
        !            76:      WWkk      Any weekday. In addition, MMoo, TTuu, WWee, TThh, FFrr, SSaa,
        !            77:             and SSuu can be used for Monday through Sunday,
        !            78:             respectively.
        !            79: 
        !            80:      EEvveenniinngg When evening telephone rates are in effect, from
        !            81:             1700 to 0800 Monday through Friday, and all day
        !            82:             Saturday and Sunday.  EEvveenniinngg is the same as
        !            83:             WWkk11770000--00880000,,SSaa,,SSuu.
        !            84: 
        !            85:      NNiigghhtt   When nighttime telephone rates are in effect, from
        !            86:             2300 to 0800 Monday through Friday, all day Satur-
        !            87:             day, and from 2300 to 1700 Sunday.  NNiigghhtt is the
        !            88:             same as AAnnyy22330000--00880000,,SSaa,,SSuu00880000--11770000.
        !            89: 
        !            90:      NNoonnPPeeaakk This is a slight modification of EEvveenniinngg.     It
        !            91:             matches when the USA X.25 carriers have their lower
        !            92:             rate period. This is 1800 to 0700 Monday through
        !            93:             Friday, and all day Saturday and Sunday.  NNoonnPPeeaakk is
        !            94:             the same as AAnnyy11880000--00770000,,SSaa,,SSuu.
        !            95: 
        !            96:      NNeevveerr   Never call; calling into this _S_y_s_t_e_m is forbidden or
        !            97:             impossible.  This is intended for polled connec-
        !            98:             tions, where the remote system calls into the local
        !            99:             machine periodically.  This is necessary when one of
        !           100:             the machines is lacking either dial-in or dial-out
        !           101:             modems.
        !           102: 
        !           103:      The optional _h_h_m_m-_h_h_m_m subfield provides a time range that
        !           104:      modifies the keyword.  _h_h_m_m refers to _h_o_u_r_s and _m_i_n_u_t_e_s in
        !           105:      24-hour time (from 0000 to 2359). The time range is permit-
        !           106:      ted to "wrap" around midnight, and will behave in the obvi-
        !           107:      ous way. It is invalid to follow the EEvveenniinngg, NNoonnPPeeaakk, and
        !           108:      NNiigghhtt keywords with a time range.
        !           109: 
        !           110:      The _g_r_a_d_e subfield is optional; if present, it is composed
        !           111:      of a `/' (slash) and single character denoting the _g_r_a_d_e of
        !           112:      the connection, from 00 to 99, AA to ZZ, or aa to zz.  This speci-
        !           113:      fies that only requests of grade _g_r_a_d_e or better will be
        !           114:      transferred during this time.  (The grade of a request or
        !           115:      job is specified when it is queued by _u_u_c_p or _u_u_x.) By con-
        !           116:      vention, mail is sent at grade CC, news is sent at grade dd,
        !           117:      and uucp copies are sent at grade nn.  Unfortunately, some
        !           118:      sites do not follow these conventions, so it is not 100%
        !           119:      reliable.
        !           120: 
        !           121:      The _r_e_t_r_y__t_i_m_e subfield is optional; it must be preceded by
        !           122:      a `;' (semicolon) and specifies the time, in minutes, before
        !           123:      a failed connection may be tried again.  (This restriction
        !           124:      is in addition to any constraints imposed by the rest of the
        !           125:      _T_i_m_e field.) By default, the retry time starts at 10 minutes
        !           126: 
        !           127: 
        !           128: 
        !           129: Printed 7/4/90               April                             2
        !           130: 
        !           131: 
        !           132: 
        !           133: 
        !           134: 
        !           135: 
        !           136: L.SYS(5)                     1986                       L.SYS(5)
        !           137: 
        !           138: 
        !           139: 
        !           140:      and gradually increases at each failure, until after 26
        !           141:      tries _u_u_c_i_c_o gives up completely (MAX RETRIES). If the retry
        !           142:      time is too small, _u_u_c_i_c_o may run into MAX RETRIES too soon.
        !           143: 
        !           144:      _C_a_l_l_e_r is the type of device used:
        !           145: 
        !           146:      AACCUU     Automatic call unit or auto-dialing modem such as
        !           147:             the Hayes Smartmodem 1200 or Novation ``Smart Cat''.
        !           148:             See _L-_d_e_v_i_c_e_s for a list of supported modems.
        !           149: 
        !           150:      DDIIRR     Direct connect; hardwired line (usually RS-232) to a
        !           151:             remote system.
        !           152: 
        !           153:      MMIICCOOMM   Micom Terminal Switch.
        !           154: 
        !           155:      PPAADD     X.25 PAD connection.
        !           156: 
        !           157:      PPCCPP     GTE Telenet PC Pursuit. See _L-_d_e_v_i_c_e_s for configura-
        !           158:             tion  details.
        !           159: 
        !           160:      SSYYTTEEKK   Sytek high-speed dedicated modem port connection.
        !           161: 
        !           162:      TTCCPP     Berkeley TCP/IP or 3Com UNET connection. These are
        !           163:             mutually exclusive.  TCP ports do nnoott need entries
        !           164:             in _L-_d_e_v_i_c_e_s since all the necessary information is
        !           165:             contained in _L._s_y_s.  If several alternate ports or
        !           166:             network connections should be tried, use multiple
        !           167:             _L._s_y_s entries.
        !           168: 
        !           169:      _C_l_a_s_s is usually the speed (baud) of the device, typically
        !           170:      300, 1200, or 2400 for ACU devices and 9600 for direct
        !           171:      lines.  Valid values are device dependent, and are specified
        !           172:      in the _L-_d_e_v_i_c_e_s file.
        !           173: 
        !           174:      On some devices, the baud may be preceded by a non-numeric
        !           175:      prefix.  This is used in _L-_d_e_v_i_c_e_s to distinguish among dev-
        !           176:      ices that have identical _C_a_l_l_e_r and baud, but yet are dis-
        !           177:      tinctly different. For example, 1200 could refer to all Bell
        !           178:      212-compatible modems, V1200 to Racal-Vadic modems, and
        !           179:      C1200 to CCITT modems, all at 1200 baud.
        !           180: 
        !           181:      On TCP connections, _C_l_a_s_s is the port number (an integer
        !           182:      number) or a port name from /_e_t_c/_s_e_r_v_i_c_e_s that is used to
        !           183:      make the connection. For standard Berkeley TCP/IP, UUCP nor-
        !           184:      mally uses port number 540.
        !           185: 
        !           186:      _D_e_v_i_c_e/_P_h_o_n_e__N_u_m_b_e_r varies based on the _C_a_l_l_e_r field.  For
        !           187:      ACU devices, this is the phone number to dial.  The number
        !           188:      may include: digits 00 through 99; ## and ** for dialing those
        !           189:      symbols on tone telephone lines; -- (hyphen) to pause for a
        !           190:      moment, typically two to four seconds; == (equal sign) to
        !           191:      wait for a second dial tone (implemented as a pause on many
        !           192: 
        !           193: 
        !           194: 
        !           195: Printed 7/4/90               April                             3
        !           196: 
        !           197: 
        !           198: 
        !           199: 
        !           200: 
        !           201: 
        !           202: L.SYS(5)                     1986                       L.SYS(5)
        !           203: 
        !           204: 
        !           205: 
        !           206:      modems). Other characters are modem dependent; generally
        !           207:      standard telephone punctuation characters (such as the slash
        !           208:      and parentheses) are ignored, although _u_u_c_i_c_o does not
        !           209:      guarantee this.
        !           210: 
        !           211:      The phone number can be preceded by an alphabetic string;
        !           212:      the string is indexed and converted through the
        !           213:      _L-_d_i_a_l_c_o_d_e_s(5) file.
        !           214: 
        !           215:      For DIR devices, the _D_e_v_i_c_e/_P_h_o_n_e__N_u_m_b_e_r field contains the
        !           216:      name of the device in /_d_e_v that is used to make the connec-
        !           217:      tion. There must be a corresponding line in _L-_d_e_v_i_c_e_s with
        !           218:      identical _C_a_l_l_e_r, _C_l_a_s_s, and _D_e_v_i_c_e fields.
        !           219: 
        !           220:      For TCP and other network devices, _D_e_v_i_c_e/_P_h_o_n_e__N_u_m_b_e_r holds
        !           221:      the true network name of the remote system, which may be
        !           222:      different from its UUCP name (although one would hope not).
        !           223: 
        !           224:      _E_x_p_e_c_t and _S_e_n_d refer to an arbitrarily long set of strings
        !           225:      that alternately specify what to _e_x_p_e_c_t and what to _s_e_n_d to
        !           226:      login to the remote system once a physical connection has
        !           227:      been established. A complete set of expect/send strings is
        !           228:      referred to as an _e_x_p_e_c_t/_s_e_n_d _s_c_r_i_p_t.  The same syntax is
        !           229:      used in the _L-_d_e_v_i_c_e_s file to interact with the dialer prior
        !           230:      to making a connection; there it is referred to as a _c_h_a_t
        !           231:      _s_c_r_i_p_t.  The complete format for one _e_x_p_e_c_t/_s_e_n_d pair is:
        !           232: 
        !           233:          _e_x_p_e_c_t--_t_i_m_e_o_u_t--_s_e_n_d--_e_x_p_e_c_t--_t_i_m_e_o_u_t   _s_e_n_d
        !           234: 
        !           235:      _E_x_p_e_c_t and _S_e_n_d are character strings.  _E_x_p_e_c_t is compared
        !           236:      against incoming text from the remote host; _s_e_n_d is sent
        !           237:      back when _e_x_p_e_c_t is matched.  By default, the _s_e_n_d is fol-
        !           238:      lowed by a `\r' (carriage return). If the _e_x_p_e_c_t string is
        !           239:      not matched within _t_i_m_e_o_u_t seconds (default 45), then it is
        !           240:      assumed that the match failed.  The `_e_x_p_e_c_t--_s_e_n_d--_e_x_p_e_c_t'
        !           241:      notation provides a limited loop mechanism; if the first
        !           242:      _e_x_p_e_c_t string fails to match, then the _s_e_n_d string between
        !           243:      the hyphens is transmitted, and _u_u_c_i_c_o waits for the second
        !           244:      _e_x_p_e_c_t string. This can be repeated indefinitely. When the
        !           245:      last _e_x_p_e_c_t string fails, _u_u_c_i_c_o hangs up and logs that the
        !           246:      connection failed.
        !           247: 
        !           248:      The timeout can (optionally) be specified by appending the
        !           249:      parameter `~~_n_n' to the expect string, when _n_n is the timeout
        !           250:      time in seconds.
        !           251: 
        !           252:      Backslash escapes that may be imbedded in the _e_x_p_e_c_t or _s_e_n_d
        !           253:      strings include:
        !           254: 
        !           255:          \b      Generate a 3/10 second BREAK.
        !           256:          \b_n   Where _n is a single-digit number;
        !           257:                  generate an _n/10 second BREAK.
        !           258: 
        !           259: 
        !           260: 
        !           261: Printed 7/4/90               April                             4
        !           262: 
        !           263: 
        !           264: 
        !           265: 
        !           266: 
        !           267: 
        !           268: L.SYS(5)                     1986                       L.SYS(5)
        !           269: 
        !           270: 
        !           271: 
        !           272:          \c      Suppress the \r at the end of a _s_e_n_d string.
        !           273:          \d      Delay; pause for 1 second. (_S_e_n_d only.)
        !           274:          \r      Carriage Return.
        !           275:          \s      Space.
        !           276:          \n      Newline.
        !           277:          \xxx    Where _x_x_x is an octal constant;
        !           278:                  denotes the corresponding ASCII character.
        !           279: 
        !           280:      As a special case, an empty pair of double-quotes """" in the
        !           281:      _e_x_p_e_c_t string is interpreted as ``expect nothing''; that is,
        !           282:      transmit the _s_e_n_d string regardless of what is received.
        !           283:      Empty double-quotes in the _s_e_n_d string cause a lone `\r'
        !           284:      (carriage return) to be sent.
        !           285: 
        !           286:      One of the following keywords may be substituted for the
        !           287:      _s_e_n_d string:
        !           288: 
        !           289:          BREAK   Generate a 3/10 second BREAK
        !           290:          BREAK_n  Generate an _n/10 second BREAK
        !           291:          CR      Send a Carriage Return (same as "").
        !           292:          EOT     Send an End-Of-Transmission character, ASCII \004.
        !           293:                  Note that this will cause most hosts to hang up.
        !           294:          NL      Send a Newline.
        !           295:          PAUSE   Pause for 3 seconds.
        !           296:          PAUSE_n  Pause for _n seconds.
        !           297:          P_ODD   Use odd parity on future send strings.
        !           298:          P_ONE   Use parity one on future send strings.
        !           299:          P_EVEN  Use even parity on future send strings. (Default)
        !           300:          P_ZERO  Use parity zero on future send strings.
        !           301: 
        !           302:      Finally, if the _e_x_p_e_c_t string consists of the keyword AABBOORRTT,
        !           303:      then the string following is used to arm an abort trap. If
        !           304:      that string is subsequently received any time prior to the
        !           305:      completion of the entire _e_x_p_e_c_t/_s_e_n_d script, then _u_u_c_i_c_o
        !           306:      will abort, just as if the script had timed out. This is
        !           307:      useful for trapping error messages from port selectors or
        !           308:      front-end processors such as ``Host Unavailable'' or ``Sys-
        !           309:      tem is Down.''
        !           310: 
        !           311:      For example:
        !           312: 
        !           313:          ""  ""  ogin:--ogin:  nuucp  ssword:  ufeedme
        !           314: 
        !           315:      This is executed as, ``When the remote system answers,
        !           316:      _e_x_p_e_c_t nothing.  _S_e_n_d a carriage return.  _E_x_p_e_c_t the remote
        !           317:      to transmit the string `ogin:'. If it doesn't within 45
        !           318:      seconds, send another carriage return.  When it finally
        !           319:      does, _s_e_n_d it the string `nuucp'. Then _e_x_p_e_c_t the string
        !           320:      `ssword:'; when that is received, _s_e_n_d `ufeedme'.''
        !           321: 
        !           322: FFIILLEESS
        !           323:      /usr/lib/uucp/L.sys
        !           324: 
        !           325: 
        !           326: 
        !           327: Printed 7/4/90               April                             5
        !           328: 
        !           329: 
        !           330: 
        !           331: 
        !           332: 
        !           333: 
        !           334: L.SYS(5)                     1986                       L.SYS(5)
        !           335: 
        !           336: 
        !           337: 
        !           338:      /usr/lib/uucp/UUAIDS/L.sysL.sys example
        !           339: 
        !           340: SSEEEE AALLSSOO
        !           341:      uucp(1C), uux(1C), L-devices(5), services(5), uucico(8C)
        !           342: 
        !           343: BBUUGGSS
        !           344:      ``ABORT'' in the send/expect script is expressed ``back-
        !           345:      wards,'' that is, it should be written `` _e_x_p_e_c_t AABBOORRTT'' but
        !           346:      instead it is `` AABBOORRTT _e_x_p_e_c_t''.
        !           347: 
        !           348:      Several of the backslash escapes in the send/expect strings
        !           349:      are confusing and/or different from those used by AT&T and
        !           350:      Honey-Danber UUCP.  For example, `\b' requests a BREAK,
        !           351:      while practically everywhere else `\b' means backspace.
        !           352:      `\t' for tab and `\f' for formfeed are not implemented.
        !           353:      `\s' is a kludge; it would be more sensible to be able to
        !           354:      delimit strings with quotation marks.
        !           355: 
        !           356: 
        !           357: 
        !           358: 
        !           359: 
        !           360: 
        !           361: 
        !           362: 
        !           363: 
        !           364: 
        !           365: 
        !           366: 
        !           367: 
        !           368: 
        !           369: 
        !           370: 
        !           371: 
        !           372: 
        !           373: 
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        !           375: 
        !           376: 
        !           377: 
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