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1.1 root 1: /*
2: * Copyright (c) 1980,1986,1988 Regents of the University of California.
3: * All rights reserved.
4: *
5: * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
6: * that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
7: * comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
8: * acknowledgement: ``This product includes software developed by the
9: * University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
10: * documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in
11: * all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
12: * Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
13: * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
14: * specific prior written permission.
15: * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
16: * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
17: * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
18: */
19:
20: #ifndef lint
21: char copyright[] =
22: "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980,1986,1988 Regents of the University of California.\n\
23: All rights reserved.\n";
24: #endif not lint
25:
26: #ifndef lint
27: static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bad144.c 5.18 (Berkeley) 6/1/90";
28: #endif not lint
29:
30: /*
31: * bad144
32: *
33: * This program prints and/or initializes a bad block record for a pack,
34: * in the format used by the DEC standard 144.
35: * It can also add bad sector(s) to the record, moving the sector
36: * replacements as necessary.
37: *
38: * It is preferable to write the bad information with a standard formatter,
39: * but this program will do.
40: *
41: * RP06 sectors are marked as bad by inverting the format bit in the
42: * header; on other drives the valid-sector bit is cleared.
43: */
44: #include <sys/param.h>
45: #include <sys/dkbad.h>
46: #include <sys/ioctl.h>
47: #include <ufs/fs.h>
48: #include <sys/file.h>
49: #include <sys/disklabel.h>
50:
51: #include <stdio.h>
52: #include <paths.h>
53:
54: #define RETRIES 10 /* number of retries on reading old sectors */
55: #define RAWPART "c" /* disk partition containing badsector tables */
56:
57: int fflag, add, copy, verbose, nflag;
58: int compare();
59: int dups;
60: int badfile = -1; /* copy of badsector table to use, -1 if any */
61: #define MAXSECSIZE 1024
62: struct dkbad curbad, oldbad;
63: #define DKBAD_MAGIC 0
64:
65: char label[BBSIZE];
66: daddr_t size, getold(), badsn();
67: struct disklabel *dp;
68: char name[BUFSIZ];
69: char *malloc();
70: off_t lseek();
71:
72: main(argc, argv)
73: int argc;
74: char *argv[];
75: {
76: register struct bt_bad *bt;
77: daddr_t sn, bn[126];
78: int i, f, nbad, new, bad, errs;
79:
80: argc--, argv++;
81: while (argc > 0 && **argv == '-') {
82: (*argv)++;
83: while (**argv) {
84: switch (**argv) {
85: #if vax
86: case 'f':
87: fflag++;
88: break;
89: #endif
90: case 'a':
91: add++;
92: break;
93: case 'c':
94: copy++;
95: break;
96: case 'v':
97: verbose++;
98: break;
99: case 'n':
100: nflag++;
101: verbose++;
102: break;
103: default:
104: if (**argv >= '0' && **argv <= '4') {
105: badfile = **argv - '0';
106: break;
107: }
108: goto usage;
109: }
110: (*argv)++;
111: }
112: argc--, argv++;
113: }
114: if (argc < 1) {
115: usage:
116: fprintf(stderr,
117: "usage: bad144 [ -f ] disk [ snum [ bn ... ] ]\n");
118: fprintf(stderr,
119: "to read or overwrite bad-sector table, e.g.: bad144 hp0\n");
120: fprintf(stderr,
121: "or bad144 -a [ -f ] [ -c ] disk bn ...\n");
122: fprintf(stderr, "where options are:\n");
123: fprintf(stderr, "\t-a add new bad sectors to the table\n");
124: fprintf(stderr, "\t-f reformat listed sectors as bad\n");
125: fprintf(stderr, "\t-c copy original sector to replacement\n");
126: exit(1);
127: }
128: if (argv[0][0] != '/')
129: (void)sprintf(name, "%s/r%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0], RAWPART);
130: else
131: strcpy(name, argv[0]);
132: f = open(name, argc == 1? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR);
133: if (f < 0)
134: Perror(name);
135: if (read(f, label, sizeof(label)) < 0)
136: Perror("read");
137: for (dp = (struct disklabel *)(label + LABELOFFSET);
138: dp < (struct disklabel *)
139: (label + sizeof(label) - sizeof(struct disklabel));
140: dp = (struct disklabel *)((char *)dp + 64))
141: if (dp->d_magic == DISKMAGIC && dp->d_magic2 == DISKMAGIC)
142: break;
143: if (dp->d_magic != DISKMAGIC || dp->d_magic2 != DISKMAGIC) {
144: fprintf(stderr, "Bad pack magic number (pack is unlabeled)\n");
145: exit(1);
146: }
147: if (dp->d_secsize > MAXSECSIZE || dp->d_secsize <= 0) {
148: fprintf(stderr, "Disk sector size too large/small (%d)\n",
149: dp->d_secsize);
150: exit(7);
151: }
152: size = dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks * dp->d_ncylinders;
153: argc--;
154: argv++;
155: if (argc == 0) {
156: sn = getold(f, &oldbad);
157: printf("bad block information at sector %d in %s:\n",
158: sn, name);
159: printf("cartridge serial number: %d(10)\n", oldbad.bt_csn);
160: switch (oldbad.bt_flag) {
161:
162: case (u_short)-1:
163: printf("alignment cartridge\n");
164: break;
165:
166: case DKBAD_MAGIC:
167: break;
168:
169: default:
170: printf("bt_flag=%x(16)?\n", oldbad.bt_flag);
171: break;
172: }
173: bt = oldbad.bt_bad;
174: for (i = 0; i < 126; i++) {
175: bad = (bt->bt_cyl<<16) + bt->bt_trksec;
176: if (bad < 0)
177: break;
178: printf("sn=%d, cn=%d, tn=%d, sn=%d\n", badsn(bt),
179: bt->bt_cyl, bt->bt_trksec>>8, bt->bt_trksec&0xff);
180: bt++;
181: }
182: (void) checkold(&oldbad);
183: exit(0);
184: }
185: if (add) {
186: /*
187: * Read in the old badsector table.
188: * Verify that it makes sense, and the bad sectors
189: * are in order. Copy the old table to the new one.
190: */
191: (void) getold(f, &oldbad);
192: i = checkold(&oldbad);
193: if (verbose)
194: printf("Had %d bad sectors, adding %d\n", i, argc);
195: if (i + argc > 126) {
196: printf("bad144: not enough room for %d more sectors\n",
197: argc);
198: printf("limited to 126 by information format\n");
199: exit(1);
200: }
201: curbad = oldbad;
202: } else {
203: curbad.bt_csn = atoi(*argv++);
204: argc--;
205: curbad.bt_mbz = 0;
206: curbad.bt_flag = DKBAD_MAGIC;
207: if (argc > 126) {
208: printf("bad144: too many bad sectors specified\n");
209: printf("limited to 126 by information format\n");
210: exit(1);
211: }
212: i = 0;
213: }
214: errs = 0;
215: new = argc;
216: while (argc > 0) {
217: daddr_t sn = atoi(*argv++);
218: argc--;
219: if (sn < 0 || sn >= size) {
220: printf("%d: out of range [0,%d) for disk %s\n",
221: sn, size, dp->d_typename);
222: errs++;
223: continue;
224: }
225: bn[i] = sn;
226: curbad.bt_bad[i].bt_cyl = sn / (dp->d_nsectors*dp->d_ntracks);
227: sn %= (dp->d_nsectors*dp->d_ntracks);
228: curbad.bt_bad[i].bt_trksec =
229: ((sn/dp->d_nsectors) << 8) + (sn%dp->d_nsectors);
230: i++;
231: }
232: if (errs)
233: exit(1);
234: nbad = i;
235: while (i < 126) {
236: curbad.bt_bad[i].bt_trksec = -1;
237: curbad.bt_bad[i].bt_cyl = -1;
238: i++;
239: }
240: if (add) {
241: /*
242: * Sort the new bad sectors into the list.
243: * Then shuffle the replacement sectors so that
244: * the previous bad sectors get the same replacement data.
245: */
246: qsort((char *)curbad.bt_bad, nbad, sizeof (struct bt_bad),
247: compare);
248: if (dups) {
249: fprintf(stderr,
250: "bad144: bad sectors have been duplicated; can't add existing sectors\n");
251: exit(3);
252: }
253: shift(f, nbad, nbad-new);
254: }
255: if (badfile == -1)
256: i = 0;
257: else
258: i = badfile * 2;
259: for (; i < 10 && i < dp->d_nsectors; i += 2) {
260: if (lseek(f, dp->d_secsize * (size - dp->d_nsectors + i),
261: L_SET) < 0)
262: Perror("lseek");
263: if (verbose)
264: printf("write badsect file at %d\n",
265: size - dp->d_nsectors + i);
266: if (nflag == 0 && write(f, (caddr_t)&curbad, sizeof(curbad)) !=
267: sizeof(curbad)) {
268: char msg[80];
269: (void)sprintf(msg, "bad144: write bad sector file %d",
270: i/2);
271: perror(msg);
272: }
273: if (badfile != -1)
274: break;
275: }
276: #ifdef vax
277: if (nflag == 0 && fflag)
278: for (i = nbad - new; i < nbad; i++)
279: format(f, bn[i]);
280: #endif
281: #ifdef DIOCSBAD
282: if (nflag == 0 && ioctl(f, DIOCSBAD, (caddr_t)&curbad) < 0)
283: fprintf(stderr,
284: "Can't sync bad-sector file; reboot for changes to take effect\n");
285: #endif
286: exit(0);
287: }
288:
289: daddr_t
290: getold(f, bad)
291: struct dkbad *bad;
292: {
293: register int i;
294: daddr_t sn;
295: char msg[80];
296:
297: if (badfile == -1)
298: i = 0;
299: else
300: i = badfile * 2;
301: for (; i < 10 && i < dp->d_nsectors; i += 2) {
302: sn = size - dp->d_nsectors + i;
303: if (lseek(f, sn * dp->d_secsize, L_SET) < 0)
304: Perror("lseek");
305: if (read(f, (char *) bad, dp->d_secsize) == dp->d_secsize) {
306: if (i > 0)
307: printf("Using bad-sector file %d\n", i/2);
308: return(sn);
309: }
310: (void)sprintf(msg, "bad144: read bad sector file at sn %d", sn);
311: perror(msg);
312: if (badfile != -1)
313: break;
314: }
315: fprintf(stderr, "bad144: %s: can't read bad block info\n", name);
316: exit(1);
317: /*NOTREACHED*/
318: }
319:
320: checkold()
321: {
322: register int i;
323: register struct bt_bad *bt;
324: daddr_t sn, lsn;
325: int errors = 0, warned = 0;
326:
327: if (oldbad.bt_flag != DKBAD_MAGIC) {
328: fprintf(stderr, "bad144: %s: bad flag in bad-sector table\n",
329: name);
330: errors++;
331: }
332: if (oldbad.bt_mbz != 0) {
333: fprintf(stderr, "bad144: %s: bad magic number\n", name);
334: errors++;
335: }
336: bt = oldbad.bt_bad;
337: for (i = 0; i < 126; i++, bt++) {
338: if (bt->bt_cyl == 0xffff && bt->bt_trksec == 0xffff)
339: break;
340: if ((bt->bt_cyl >= dp->d_ncylinders) ||
341: ((bt->bt_trksec >> 8) >= dp->d_ntracks) ||
342: ((bt->bt_trksec & 0xff) >= dp->d_nsectors)) {
343: fprintf(stderr,
344: "bad144: cyl/trk/sect out of range in existing entry: ");
345: fprintf(stderr, "sn=%d, cn=%d, tn=%d, sn=%d\n",
346: badsn(bt), bt->bt_cyl, bt->bt_trksec>>8,
347: bt->bt_trksec & 0xff);
348: errors++;
349: }
350: sn = (bt->bt_cyl * dp->d_ntracks +
351: (bt->bt_trksec >> 8)) *
352: dp->d_nsectors + (bt->bt_trksec & 0xff);
353: if (i > 0 && sn < lsn && !warned) {
354: fprintf(stderr,
355: "bad144: bad sector file is out of order\n");
356: errors++;
357: warned++;
358: }
359: if (i > 0 && sn == lsn) {
360: fprintf(stderr,
361: "bad144: bad sector file contains duplicates (sn %d)\n",
362: sn);
363: errors++;
364: }
365: lsn = sn;
366: }
367: if (errors)
368: exit(1);
369: return (i);
370: }
371:
372: /*
373: * Move the bad sector replacements
374: * to make room for the new bad sectors.
375: * new is the new number of bad sectors, old is the previous count.
376: */
377: shift(f, new, old)
378: {
379: daddr_t repl;
380:
381: /*
382: * First replacement is last sector of second-to-last track.
383: */
384: repl = size - dp->d_nsectors - 1;
385: new--; old--;
386: while (new >= 0 && new != old) {
387: if (old < 0 ||
388: compare(&curbad.bt_bad[new], &oldbad.bt_bad[old]) > 0) {
389: /*
390: * Insert new replacement here-- copy original
391: * sector if requested and possible,
392: * otherwise write a zero block.
393: */
394: if (!copy ||
395: !blkcopy(f, badsn(&curbad.bt_bad[new]), repl - new))
396: blkzero(f, repl - new);
397: } else {
398: if (blkcopy(f, repl - old, repl - new) == 0)
399: fprintf(stderr,
400: "Can't copy replacement sector %d to %d\n",
401: repl-old, repl-new);
402: old--;
403: }
404: new--;
405: }
406: }
407:
408: char *buf;
409:
410: /*
411: * Copy disk sector s1 to s2.
412: */
413: blkcopy(f, s1, s2)
414: daddr_t s1, s2;
415: {
416: register tries, n;
417:
418: if (buf == (char *)NULL) {
419: buf = malloc((unsigned)dp->d_secsize);
420: if (buf == (char *)NULL) {
421: fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
422: exit(20);
423: }
424: }
425: for (tries = 0; tries < RETRIES; tries++) {
426: if (lseek(f, dp->d_secsize * s1, L_SET) < 0)
427: Perror("lseek");
428: if ((n = read(f, buf, dp->d_secsize)) == dp->d_secsize)
429: break;
430: }
431: if (n != dp->d_secsize) {
432: fprintf(stderr, "bad144: can't read sector, %d: ", s1);
433: if (n < 0)
434: perror((char *)0);
435: return(0);
436: }
437: if (lseek(f, dp->d_secsize * s2, L_SET) < 0)
438: Perror("lseek");
439: if (verbose)
440: printf("copying %d to %d\n", s1, s2);
441: if (nflag == 0 && write(f, buf, dp->d_secsize) != dp->d_secsize) {
442: fprintf(stderr,
443: "bad144: can't write replacement sector, %d: ", s2);
444: perror((char *)0);
445: return(0);
446: }
447: return(1);
448: }
449:
450: char *zbuf;
451:
452: blkzero(f, sn)
453: daddr_t sn;
454: {
455:
456: if (zbuf == (char *)NULL) {
457: zbuf = malloc((unsigned)dp->d_secsize);
458: if (zbuf == (char *)NULL) {
459: fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
460: exit(20);
461: }
462: }
463: if (lseek(f, dp->d_secsize * sn, L_SET) < 0)
464: Perror("lseek");
465: if (verbose)
466: printf("zeroing %d\n", sn);
467: if (nflag == 0 && write(f, zbuf, dp->d_secsize) != dp->d_secsize) {
468: fprintf(stderr,
469: "bad144: can't write replacement sector, %d: ", sn);
470: perror((char *)0);
471: }
472: }
473:
474: compare(b1, b2)
475: register struct bt_bad *b1, *b2;
476: {
477: if (b1->bt_cyl > b2->bt_cyl)
478: return(1);
479: if (b1->bt_cyl < b2->bt_cyl)
480: return(-1);
481: if (b1->bt_trksec == b2->bt_trksec)
482: dups++;
483: return (b1->bt_trksec - b2->bt_trksec);
484: }
485:
486: daddr_t
487: badsn(bt)
488: register struct bt_bad *bt;
489: {
490: return ((bt->bt_cyl*dp->d_ntracks + (bt->bt_trksec>>8)) * dp->d_nsectors
491: + (bt->bt_trksec&0xff));
492: }
493:
494: #ifdef vax
495: #include <machine/dkio.h>
496:
497: struct rp06hdr {
498: short h_cyl;
499: short h_trksec;
500: short h_key1;
501: short h_key2;
502: char h_data[512];
503: #define RP06_FMT 010000 /* 1 == 16 bit, 0 == 18 bit */
504: };
505:
506: /*
507: * Most massbus and unibus drives
508: * have headers of this form
509: */
510: struct hpuphdr {
511: u_short hpup_cyl;
512: u_char hpup_sect;
513: u_char hpup_track;
514: char hpup_data[512];
515: #define HPUP_OKSECT 0xc000 /* this normally means sector is good */
516: #define HPUP_16BIT 0x1000 /* 1 == 16 bit format */
517: };
518: int rp06format(), hpupformat();
519:
520: struct formats {
521: char *f_name; /* disk name */
522: int f_bufsize; /* size of sector + header */
523: int f_bic; /* value to bic in hpup_cyl */
524: int (*f_routine)(); /* routine for special handling */
525: } formats[] = {
526: { "rp06", sizeof (struct rp06hdr), RP06_FMT, rp06format },
527: { "eagle", sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT, hpupformat },
528: { "capricorn", sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT, hpupformat },
529: { "rm03", sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT, hpupformat },
530: { "rm05", sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT, hpupformat },
531: { "9300", sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT, hpupformat },
532: { "9766", sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT, hpupformat },
533: { 0, 0, 0, 0 }
534: };
535:
536: /*ARGSUSED*/
537: hpupformat(fp, dp, blk, buf, count)
538: struct formats *fp;
539: struct disklabel *dp;
540: daddr_t blk;
541: char *buf;
542: int count;
543: {
544: struct hpuphdr *hdr = (struct hpuphdr *)buf;
545: int sect;
546:
547: if (count < sizeof(struct hpuphdr)) {
548: hdr->hpup_cyl = (HPUP_OKSECT | HPUP_16BIT) |
549: (blk / (dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks));
550: sect = blk % (dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks);
551: hdr->hpup_track = (u_char)(sect / dp->d_nsectors);
552: hdr->hpup_sect = (u_char)(sect % dp->d_nsectors);
553: }
554: return (0);
555: }
556:
557: /*ARGSUSED*/
558: rp06format(fp, dp, blk, buf, count)
559: struct formats *fp;
560: struct disklabel *dp;
561: daddr_t blk;
562: char *buf;
563: int count;
564: {
565:
566: if (count < sizeof(struct rp06hdr)) {
567: fprintf(stderr, "Can't read header on blk %d, can't reformat\n",
568: blk);
569: return (-1);
570: }
571: return (0);
572: }
573:
574: format(fd, blk)
575: int fd;
576: daddr_t blk;
577: {
578: register struct formats *fp;
579: static char *buf;
580: static char bufsize;
581: struct format_op fop;
582: int n;
583:
584: for (fp = formats; fp->f_name; fp++)
585: if (strcmp(dp->d_typename, fp->f_name) == 0)
586: break;
587: if (fp->f_name == 0) {
588: fprintf(stderr, "bad144: don't know how to format %s disks\n",
589: dp->d_typename);
590: exit(2);
591: }
592: if (buf && bufsize < fp->f_bufsize) {
593: free(buf);
594: buf = NULL;
595: }
596: if (buf == NULL)
597: buf = malloc((unsigned)fp->f_bufsize);
598: if (buf == NULL) {
599: fprintf(stderr, "bad144: can't allocate sector buffer\n");
600: exit(3);
601: }
602: bufsize = fp->f_bufsize;
603: /*
604: * Here we do the actual formatting. All we really
605: * do is rewrite the sector header and flag the bad sector
606: * according to the format table description. If a special
607: * purpose format routine is specified, we allow it to
608: * process the sector as well.
609: */
610: if (verbose)
611: printf("format blk %d\n", blk);
612: bzero((char *)&fop, sizeof(fop));
613: fop.df_buf = buf;
614: fop.df_count = fp->f_bufsize;
615: fop.df_startblk = blk;
616: bzero(buf, fp->f_bufsize);
617: if (ioctl(fd, DIOCRFORMAT, &fop) < 0)
618: perror("bad144: read format");
619: if (fp->f_routine &&
620: (*fp->f_routine)(fp, dp, blk, buf, fop.df_count) != 0)
621: return;
622: if (fp->f_bic) {
623: struct hpuphdr *xp = (struct hpuphdr *)buf;
624:
625: xp->hpup_cyl &= ~fp->f_bic;
626: }
627: if (nflag)
628: return;
629: bzero((char *)&fop, sizeof(fop));
630: fop.df_buf = buf;
631: fop.df_count = fp->f_bufsize;
632: fop.df_startblk = blk;
633: if (ioctl(fd, DIOCWFORMAT, &fop) < 0)
634: Perror("write format");
635: if (fop.df_count != fp->f_bufsize) {
636: char msg[80];
637: (void)sprintf(msg, "bad144: write format %d", blk);
638: perror(msg);
639: }
640: }
641: #endif
642:
643: Perror(op)
644: char *op;
645: {
646:
647: fprintf(stderr, "bad144: "); perror(op);
648: exit(4);
649: }
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