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1.1 root 1: .\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California.
2: .\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement
3: .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
4: .\"
5: .\" @(#)lint.1 6.2 (Berkeley) 3/17/86
6: .\"
7: .TH LINT 1 "March 17, 1986"
8: .UC 4
9: .SH NAME
10: lint \- a C program verifier
11: .SH SYNOPSIS
12: .B lint
13: [
14: .B \-abchnpuvx
15: ]
16: file ...
17: .SH DESCRIPTION
18: .I Lint
19: attempts to detect features of the C program
20: .I files
21: which are
22: likely to be bugs, or non-portable, or wasteful.
23: It also checks the type usage of the program more strictly
24: than the compilers.
25: Among the things which are currently found are
26: unreachable statements,
27: loops not entered at the top,
28: automatic variables declared and not used,
29: and logical expressions whose value is constant.
30: Moreover, the usage of functions is checked to find
31: functions which return values in some places and not in others,
32: functions called with varying numbers of arguments,
33: and functions whose values are not used.
34: .PP
35: By default, it is assumed that all the
36: .I files
37: are to be loaded together; they are checked for
38: mutual compatibility.
39: Function definitions for certain libraries are available to
40: .IR lint ;
41: these libraries are referred to by a
42: conventional name,
43: such as `\-lm', in the style of
44: .IR ld (1).
45: Arguments ending in
46: .I .ln
47: are also treated as library files. To create lint libraries,
48: use the
49: .B \-C
50: option:
51: .IP
52: lint \-Cfoo files . . .
53: .PP
54: where
55: .I files
56: are the C sources of library
57: .I foo.
58: The result is a file
59: .I llib-lfoo.ln
60: in the correct library format suitable for linting programs
61: using
62: .I foo.
63: .PP
64: Any number of the options in the following list
65: may be used.
66: The
67: .SM
68: .BR \-D "\*S,"
69: .SM
70: .BR \-U "\*S,"
71: and
72: .SM
73: .B \-I
74: options of
75: .IR cc (1)
76: are also recognized as separate arguments.
77: .TP
78: .B p
79: Attempt to check portability to the
80: .I IBM
81: and
82: .I GCOS
83: dialects of C.
84: .TP
85: .B h
86: Apply a number of heuristic tests to attempt to
87: intuit bugs, improve style, and reduce waste.
88: .TP
89: .B b
90: Report
91: .I break
92: statements that cannot be reached.
93: (This is not the default because, unfortunately,
94: most
95: .I lex
96: and many
97: .I yacc
98: outputs produce dozens of such comments.)
99: .TP
100: .B v
101: Suppress complaints about unused arguments in functions.
102: .TP
103: .B x
104: Report variables referred to by extern declarations,
105: but never used.
106: .TP
107: .B a
108: Report assignments of long values to int variables.
109: .TP
110: .B c
111: Complain about casts which have questionable portability.
112: .TP
113: .B u
114: Do not complain about functions and variables used and not
115: defined, or defined and not used (this is suitable for running
116: .I lint
117: on a subset of files out of a larger program).
118: .TP
119: .B n
120: Do not check compatibility against the standard library.
121: .TP
122: .B z
123: Do not complain about structures that are never defined (e.g.
124: using a structure pointer without knowing its contents.).
125: .PP
126: .IR Exit (2)
127: and other functions which do not return
128: are not understood; this causes various lies.
129: .PP
130: Certain conventional comments in the C source
131: will change the behavior of
132: .IR lint :
133: .TP
134: /*NOTREACHED*/
135: at appropriate points
136: stops comments about unreachable code.
137: .TP
138: .RI /*VARARGS n */
139: suppresses
140: the usual checking for variable numbers of arguments
141: in the following function declaration.
142: The data types of the first
143: .I n
144: arguments are checked;
145: a missing
146: .I n
147: is taken to be 0.
148: .TP
149: /*NOSTRICT*/
150: shuts off strict type checking in the next expression.
151: .TP
152: /*ARGSUSED*/
153: turns on the
154: .B \-v
155: option for the next function.
156: .TP
157: /*LINTLIBRARY*/
158: at the beginning of a file shuts off complaints about
159: unused functions in this file.
160: .SH AUTHOR
161: S.C. Johnson. Lint library construction implemented by Edward Wang.
162: .SH FILES
163: .ta \w'/usr/lib/lint/llib-port.ln 'u
164: /usr/lib/lint/lint[12] programs
165: .br
166: /usr/lib/lint/llib-lc.ln declarations for standard functions
167: .br
168: /usr/lib/lint/llib-lc human readable version of above
169: .br
170: /usr/lib/lint/llib-port.ln declarations for portable functions
171: .br
172: /usr/lib/lint/llib-port human readable . . .
173: .br
174: llib-l*.ln library created with
175: .B \-C
176: .SH SEE ALSO
177: cc(1)
178: .br
179: S. C. Johnson,
180: .I Lint, a C Program Checker
181: .SH BUGS
182: There are some things you just
183: .B can't
184: get lint to shut up about.
185: .PP
186: /*NOSTRICT*/
187: is not implemented in the current version (alas).
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