![[BACK]](/cvsweb/icons/back.gif){kind=icon}
Return to login.1 CVS log ![[TXT]](/cvsweb/icons/text.gif){kind=icon}
![[DIR]](/cvsweb/icons/dir.gif){kind=icon}
Up to [CSRG BSD Unix] / 43BSDTahoe / man / man1|
Return to login.1 CVS log | Up to [CSRG BSD Unix] / 43BSDTahoe / man / man1 |
1.1 root 1: .\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California.
2: .\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement
3: .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
4: .\"
5: .\" @(#)login.1 6.4 (Berkeley) 9/14/87
6: .\"
7: .TH LOGIN 1 "September 14, 1987"
8: .UC 4
9: .SH NAME
10: login \- sign on
11: .SH SYNOPSIS
12: .B login
13: [
14: .B \-p
15: ] [ username ]
16: .br
17: .B login
18: [
19: .B \-p
20: ] [
21: .B \-h
22: hostname
23: ] [
24: .B \-f
25: ] [
26: username
27: ]
28: .SH DESCRIPTION
29: The
30: .I login
31: command
32: is used when a user initially
33: signs on.
34: It may also be used at any time to change
35: from one user to another.
36: This case is the one summarized first above and described here.
37: See \*(lqHow to Get Started\*(rq for how to connect initially.
38: The invocation of
39: .I login
40: for initial sign-on
41: is made by a system program or server using the latter form of the command
42: and is described below.
43: .PP
44: If
45: .I login
46: is invoked without an argument,
47: it asks for a user name, and, if
48: appropriate, a password.
49: Echoing is turned off (if possible) during the typing of the password,
50: so it will not appear on the written record of the
51: session.
52: .PP
53: After a successful login,
54: accounting files are updated and
55: the user is informed of the
56: existence of mail.
57: The message of the day is printed,
58: as is the time of his last login.
59: Both are suppressed if he has a \*(lq.hushlogin\*(rq
60: file in his home directory; this
61: is mostly used to make life easier for non-human users, such as
62: .IR uucp .
63: .PP
64: .I Login
65: initializes the user and group IDs and the working directory,
66: then executes a command interpreter (usually
67: .IR csh (1))
68: according to specifications found in a password file.
69: Argument 0 of the command interpreter is
70: the name of the command interpreter with
71: a leading dash (\*(lq\-\*(rq).
72: .PP
73: Login also modifies the
74: environment
75: .IR environ (7)
76: with information specifying home directory, command interpreter, terminal
77: type (if available) and user name.
78: The `\-p' argument causes the remainder of the environment to be preserved,
79: otherwise any previous environment is discarded.
80: .PP
81: If the file /etc/nologin exists,
82: .I login
83: prints its contents on the user's terminal and exits. This is
84: used by
85: .IR shutdown (8)
86: to stop users logging in when the system is about to go down.
87: .PP
88: Login is recognized by
89: .IR sh (1)
90: and
91: .IR csh (1)
92: and executed directly (without forking).
93: .PP
94: There are several additional options to
95: .I login
96: for use at initial login.
97: With one exception, these options are available only to the superuser.
98: The
99: .B \-h
100: option is used by
101: .IR telnetd (8C)
102: and other servers to list the host from which
103: the connection was received.
104: The
105: .B \-f
106: option is used with a username on the command line
107: to indicate that proper authentication has already been done
108: and that no password need be requested.
109: This option may be used by the superuser
110: or by the user specified on the command line.
111: .SH FILES
112: .ta \w'/usr/spool/mail/*\ \ 'u
113: /etc/utmp accounting
114: .br
115: /usr/adm/wtmp accounting
116: .br
117: /usr/spool/mail/* mail
118: .br
119: /etc/motd message-of-the-day
120: .br
121: /etc/passwd password file
122: .br
123: /etc/nologin stops logins
124: .br
125: \&.hushlogin makes login quieter
126: .SH "SEE ALSO"
127: mail(1), passwd(1), rlogin(1), getpass(3), passwd(5), utmp(5), environ(7),
128: init(8), getty(8), shutdown(8),
129: .SH DIAGNOSTICS
130: \*(lqLogin incorrect,\*(rq
131: if the name or the password is bad.
132: .br
133: \*(lqNo Shell\*(rq, \*(lqcannot open password file\*(rq,
134: \*(lqno directory\*(rq:
135: consult a programming counselor.
136: .SH BUGS
137: An undocumented option,
138: .B \-r
139: is used by the remote login server,
140: .IR rlogind (8)
141: to force
142: .I login
143: to enter into an initial connection protocol.
This archive runs on limited infrastructure. Preserving old code on modern bandwidth. Automated agents are requested to crawl responsibly.