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Annotation of 43BSDTahoe/man/man1/more.1, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California.
        !             2: .\" All rights reserved.  The Berkeley software License Agreement
        !             3: .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
        !             4: .\"
        !             5: .\"    @(#)more.1      6.4 (Berkeley) 6/5/86
        !             6: .\"
        !             7: .TH MORE 1 "June 5, 1986"
        !             8: .UC 4
        !             9: .SH NAME
        !            10: more, page \- file perusal filter for crt viewing
        !            11: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !            12: .B more
        !            13: [
        !            14: .B \-cdflsu
        !            15: ]
        !            16: [
        !            17: .B \-\fIn\fP
        !            18: ]
        !            19: [
        !            20: .B +\fIlinenumber\fP 
        !            21: ]
        !            22: [
        !            23: .B +/\fIpattern\fP
        !            24: ] [ name ...  ]
        !            25: .LP
        !            26: .B page
        !            27: .I "more options"
        !            28: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            29: .I  More
        !            30: is a filter which allows examination of a continuous text
        !            31: one screenful at a time on a soft-copy terminal.
        !            32: It normally pauses after each screenful, printing --More--
        !            33: at the bottom of the screen.
        !            34: If the user then types a carriage return, one more line is displayed.
        !            35: If the user hits a space,
        !            36: another screenful is displayed.  Other possibilities are enumerated later.
        !            37: .PP
        !            38: The command line options are:
        !            39: .TP
        !            40: .I \-n
        !            41: An integer which is the size (in lines) of the window which
        !            42: .I more
        !            43: will use instead of the default.
        !            44: .TP
        !            45: .B \-c
        !            46: .I More
        !            47: will draw each page by beginning at the top of the screen and erasing 
        !            48: each line just before it draws on it.
        !            49: This avoids scrolling the screen, making it easier to read while 
        !            50: .I more 
        !            51: is writing.
        !            52: This option will be ignored if the terminal does not have the ability
        !            53: to clear to the end of a line.
        !            54: .TP
        !            55: .B \-d
        !            56: .I More
        !            57: will prompt the user with the message "Press
        !            58: space to continue, \'q\' to quit." at the end of each screenful,
        !            59: and will respond to subsequent illegal user input by
        !            60: printing "Press \'h\' for instructions." instead of ringing the bell.
        !            61: This is useful if
        !            62: .I more
        !            63: is being used as a filter in some setting,
        !            64: such as a class,
        !            65: where many users may be unsophisticated.
        !            66: .TP
        !            67: .B \-f
        !            68: This causes
        !            69: .I more
        !            70: to count logical, rather than screen lines.
        !            71: That is, long lines are not folded.
        !            72: This option is recommended if
        !            73: .I nroff
        !            74: output is being piped through
        !            75: .I ul,
        !            76: since the latter may generate escape sequences.
        !            77: These escape sequences contain characters which would ordinarily occupy
        !            78: screen positions, but which do not print when they are sent to the
        !            79: terminal as part of an escape sequence.
        !            80: Thus
        !            81: .I more
        !            82: may think that lines are longer than they actually are, and fold
        !            83: lines erroneously.
        !            84: .TP
        !            85: .B \-l
        !            86: Do
        !            87: not treat ^\&L (form feed) specially.
        !            88: If this option is not given,
        !            89: .I more
        !            90: will pause after any line that contains a ^\&L, as if the end of a
        !            91: screenful had been reached.
        !            92: Also, if a file begins with a form feed, the screen will be cleared
        !            93: before the file is printed.
        !            94: .TP
        !            95: .B \-s
        !            96: Squeeze multiple blank lines from the output, producing only one blank
        !            97: line.  Especially helpful when viewing
        !            98: .I nroff
        !            99: output, this option maximizes the useful information present on the screen.
        !           100: .TP
        !           101: .B \-u
        !           102: Normally,
        !           103: .I more
        !           104: will handle underlining such as produced by
        !           105: .I nroff
        !           106: in a manner appropriate to the particular terminal:  if the terminal can
        !           107: perform underlining or has a stand-out mode,
        !           108: .I more
        !           109: will output appropriate escape sequences to enable underlining or stand-out
        !           110: mode for underlined information in the source file.  The
        !           111: .I \-u
        !           112: option suppresses this processing.
        !           113: .TP
        !           114: .B +\fIlinenumber\fP
        !           115: Start up at \fIlinenumber\fP.
        !           116: .TP
        !           117: .B +/\fIpattern\fP
        !           118: Start up two lines before the line containing the
        !           119: regular expression \fIpattern\fP.
        !           120: .PP
        !           121: If the program is invoked as
        !           122: .I page,
        !           123: then the screen is cleared before each screenful is printed (but only
        !           124: if a full screenful is being printed), and
        !           125: .I k
        !           126: \- 1 rather
        !           127: than
        !           128: .I k
        !           129: \- 2 lines are printed in each screenful, where
        !           130: .I k
        !           131: is the number of lines the terminal can display.
        !           132: .PP
        !           133: .I More
        !           134: looks in the file
        !           135: .I /etc/termcap
        !           136: to determine terminal characteristics,
        !           137: and to determine the default window size.
        !           138: On a terminal capable of displaying 24 lines,
        !           139: the default window size is 22 lines.
        !           140: .PP
        !           141: .I More
        !           142: looks in the environment variable
        !           143: .I MORE
        !           144: to pre-set any flags desired.  For example, if you prefer to view files using
        !           145: the
        !           146: .I \-c
        !           147: mode of operation, the
        !           148: .I csh
        !           149: command
        !           150: .I "setenv MORE -c"
        !           151: or the
        !           152: .I sh
        !           153: command sequence
        !           154: .I "MORE='-c' ; export MORE"
        !           155: would cause all invocations of
        !           156: .I more ,
        !           157: including invocations by programs such as
        !           158: .I man
        !           159: and
        !           160: .I msgs ,
        !           161: to use this mode.
        !           162: Normally, the user will place the command sequence which sets up the
        !           163: .I MORE
        !           164: environment variable in the
        !           165: .I .cshrc
        !           166: or
        !           167: .I .profile
        !           168: file.
        !           169: .PP
        !           170: If
        !           171: .I more
        !           172: is reading from a file, rather than a pipe, then a percentage is displayed
        !           173: along with the --More-- prompt.
        !           174: This gives the fraction of the file (in characters, not lines) that has been
        !           175: read so far.
        !           176: .PP
        !           177: Other sequences which may be typed when
        !           178: .I more
        !           179: pauses, and their effects, are as follows (\fIi\fP is an optional integer
        !           180: argument, defaulting to 1) :
        !           181: .PP
        !           182: .IP \fIi\|\fP<space>
        !           183: display
        !           184: .I i
        !           185: more lines, (or another screenful if no argument is given)
        !           186: .PP
        !           187: .IP ^D
        !           188: display 11 more lines (a ``scroll'').
        !           189: If
        !           190: .I i
        !           191: is given, then the scroll size is set to \fIi\|\fP.
        !           192: .PP
        !           193: .IP d
        !           194: same as ^D (control-D)
        !           195: .PP
        !           196: .IP \fIi\|\fPz
        !           197: same as typing a space except that \fIi\|\fP, if present, becomes the new
        !           198: window size.
        !           199: .PP
        !           200: .IP \fIi\|\fPs
        !           201: skip \fIi\|\fP lines and print a screenful of lines
        !           202: .PP
        !           203: .IP \fIi\|\fPf
        !           204: skip \fIi\fP screenfuls and print a screenful of lines
        !           205: .PP
        !           206: .IP \fIi\|\fPb
        !           207: skip back \fIi\fP screenfuls and print a screenful of lines
        !           208: .PP
        !           209: .IP \fIi\|\fP^B
        !           210: same as b
        !           211: .PP
        !           212: .IP "q or Q"
        !           213: Exit from
        !           214: .I more.
        !           215: .PP 
        !           216: .IP =
        !           217: Display the current line number.
        !           218: .PP
        !           219: .IP v
        !           220: Start up the editor
        !           221: .I vi
        !           222: at the current line.
        !           223: .PP
        !           224: .IP h
        !           225: Help command; give a description of all the
        !           226: .I more
        !           227: commands.
        !           228: .PP
        !           229: .IP \fIi\|\fP/expr
        !           230: search for the \fIi\|\fP-th occurrence of the regular expression \fIexpr.\fP
        !           231: If there are less than \fIi\fP occurrences of \fIexpr\|\fP,
        !           232: and the input is a file (rather than a pipe),
        !           233: then the position in the file remains unchanged.
        !           234: Otherwise, a screenful is displayed, starting two lines before the place
        !           235: where the expression was found.
        !           236: The user's erase and kill characters may be used to edit the regular
        !           237: expression.
        !           238: Erasing back past the first column cancels the search command.
        !           239: .PP
        !           240: .IP \fIi\|\fPn
        !           241: search for the \fIi\|\fP-th occurrence of the last regular expression entered.
        !           242: .PP
        !           243: .IP \'
        !           244: (single quote) Go to the point from which the last search started.
        !           245: If no search has been performed in the current file, this command
        !           246: goes back to the beginning of the file.
        !           247: .PP
        !           248: .IP !command
        !           249: invoke a shell with \fIcommand\|\fP. 
        !           250: The characters `%' and `!' in "command" are replaced with the
        !           251: current file name and the previous shell command respectively.
        !           252: If there is no current file name, `%' is not expanded.
        !           253: The sequences "\\%" and "\\!" are replaced by "%" and "!" respectively.
        !           254: .PP
        !           255: .IP \fIi\|\fP:n
        !           256: skip to the \fIi\|\fP-th next file given in the command line
        !           257: (skips to last file if n doesn't make sense)
        !           258: .PP
        !           259: .IP \fIi\|\fP:p
        !           260: skip to the \fIi\|\fP-th previous file given in the command line.
        !           261: If this command is given in the middle of printing out a
        !           262: file, then
        !           263: .I more
        !           264: goes back to the beginning of the file. If \fIi\fP doesn't make sense,
        !           265: .I more
        !           266: skips back to the first file.
        !           267: If
        !           268: .I more
        !           269: is not reading from a file, the bell is rung and nothing else happens.
        !           270: .PP
        !           271: .IP :f
        !           272: display the current file name and line number.
        !           273: .PP
        !           274: .IP ":q or :Q"
        !           275: exit from 
        !           276: .I more
        !           277: (same as q or Q).
        !           278: .PP
        !           279: .IP .
        !           280: (dot) repeat the previous command.
        !           281: .PP
        !           282: The commands take effect immediately, i.e., it is not necessary to
        !           283: type a carriage return.
        !           284: Up to the time when the command character itself is given,
        !           285: the user may hit the line kill character to cancel the numerical
        !           286: argument being formed.
        !           287: In addition, the user may hit the erase character to redisplay the
        !           288: --More--(xx%) message.
        !           289: .PP
        !           290: At any time when output is being sent to the terminal, the user can
        !           291: hit the quit key (normally control\-\\).
        !           292: .I More
        !           293: will stop sending output, and will display the usual --More--
        !           294: prompt.
        !           295: The user may then enter one of the above commands in the normal manner.
        !           296: Unfortunately, some output is lost when this is done, due to the
        !           297: fact that any characters waiting in the terminal's output queue
        !           298: are flushed when the quit signal occurs.
        !           299: .PP
        !           300: The terminal is set to
        !           301: .I noecho
        !           302: mode by this program so that the output can be continuous.
        !           303: What you type will thus not show on your terminal, except for the / and !
        !           304: commands.
        !           305: .PP
        !           306: If the standard output is not a teletype, then
        !           307: .I more
        !           308: acts just like
        !           309: .I cat,
        !           310: except that a header is printed before each file (if there is
        !           311: more than one).
        !           312: .PP
        !           313: .DT
        !           314: A sample usage of
        !           315: .I more
        !           316: in previewing
        !           317: .I nroff
        !           318: output would be
        !           319: .PP
        !           320:        nroff \-ms +2 doc.n | more -s
        !           321: .SH FILES
        !           322: .DT
        !           323: /etc/termcap           Terminal data base
        !           324: .br
        !           325: /usr/lib/more.help     Help file
        !           326: .SH "SEE ALSO"
        !           327: csh(1), man(1), msgs(1), script(1), sh(1), environ(7)
        !           328: .SH BUGS
        !           329: Skipping backwards is too slow on large files.

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