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Annotation of 43BSDTahoe/man/man1/netstat.1, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1983 Regents of the University of California.
        !             2: .\" All rights reserved.  The Berkeley software License Agreement
        !             3: .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
        !             4: .\"
        !             5: .\"    @(#)netstat.1   6.7 (Berkeley) 5/14/88
        !             6: .\"
        !             7: .TH NETSTAT 1 "May 14, 1988"
        !             8: .UC 5
        !             9: .SH NAME
        !            10: netstat \- show network status
        !            11: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !            12: .B netstat
        !            13: [ 
        !            14: .B \-Aan
        !            15: ] [
        !            16: .B \-f
        !            17: .I address_family
        !            18: ] [
        !            19: .I system
        !            20: ] [
        !            21: .I core
        !            22: ]
        !            23: .br
        !            24: .B netstat
        !            25: [ 
        !            26: .B \-himnrs
        !            27: ] [
        !            28: .B \-f
        !            29: .I address_family
        !            30: ] [
        !            31: .I system
        !            32: ] [
        !            33: .I core
        !            34: ]
        !            35: .br
        !            36: .B netstat
        !            37: [ 
        !            38: .B \-n
        !            39: ] [
        !            40: .B \-I
        !            41: .I interface
        !            42: ]
        !            43: .I interval
        !            44: [
        !            45: .I system
        !            46: ] [
        !            47: .I core
        !            48: ]
        !            49: .br
        !            50: .B netstat
        !            51: [ 
        !            52: .B \-p
        !            53: .I protocol
        !            54: ] [
        !            55: .I system
        !            56: ] [
        !            57: .I core
        !            58: ]
        !            59: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            60: The
        !            61: .I netstat 
        !            62: command symbolically displays the contents of various network-related
        !            63: data structures.
        !            64: There are a number of output formats,
        !            65: depending on the options for the information presented.
        !            66: The first form of the command displays a list of active sockets for
        !            67: each protocol.
        !            68: The second form presents the contents of one of the other network
        !            69: data structures according to the option selected.
        !            70: Using the third form, with an 
        !            71: .I interval
        !            72: specified,
        !            73: .I netstat
        !            74: will continuously display the information regarding packet
        !            75: traffic on the configured network interfaces.
        !            76: The fourth form displays statistics about the named protocol.
        !            77: .PP
        !            78: The options have the following meaning:
        !            79: .TP 
        !            80: .B \-A
        !            81: With the default display,
        !            82: show the address of any protocol control blocks associated with sockets; used
        !            83: for debugging.
        !            84: .TP
        !            85: .B \-a
        !            86: With the default display,
        !            87: show the state of all sockets; normally sockets used by
        !            88: server processes are not shown.
        !            89: .B \-d
        !            90: With either interface display (option
        !            91: .B \-i
        !            92: or an interval, as described below),
        !            93: show the number of dropped packets.
        !            94: .TP
        !            95: .B \-h
        !            96: Show the state of the IMP host table.
        !            97: .TP
        !            98: .B \-i
        !            99: Show the state of interfaces which have been auto-configured
        !           100: (interfaces statically configured into a system, but not
        !           101: located at boot time are not shown).
        !           102: .TP
        !           103: .BI \-I " interface"
        !           104: Show information only about this interface;
        !           105: used with an
        !           106: .I interval
        !           107: as described below.
        !           108: .TP
        !           109: .B \-m
        !           110: Show statistics recorded by the memory management routines
        !           111: (the network manages a private pool of memory buffers).
        !           112: .TP
        !           113: .B \-n
        !           114: Show network addresses as numbers (normally 
        !           115: .I netstat
        !           116: interprets addresses and attempts to display them
        !           117: symbolically).
        !           118: This option may be used with any of the display formats.
        !           119: .TP
        !           120: .BI \-p " protocol"
        !           121: Show statistics about 
        !           122: .IR protocol ,
        !           123: which is either a well-known name for a protocol or an alias for it.  Some
        !           124: protocol names and aliases are listed in the file 
        !           125: .IR /etc/protocols .
        !           126: A null response typically means that there are no interesting numbers to 
        !           127: report.
        !           128: The program will complain if
        !           129: .I protocol
        !           130: is unknown or if there is no statistics routine for it.
        !           131: .TP
        !           132: .B \-s
        !           133: Show per-protocol statistics.
        !           134: .TP
        !           135: .B \-r
        !           136: Show the routing tables.
        !           137: When
        !           138: .B \-s
        !           139: is also present, show routing statistics instead.
        !           140: .TP
        !           141: .BI \-f " address_family"
        !           142: Limit statistics or address control block reports to those
        !           143: of the specified
        !           144: .IR address\ family .
        !           145: The following address families
        !           146: are recognized:
        !           147: .IR inet ,
        !           148: for
        !           149: .BR AF_INET ,
        !           150: .IR ns ,
        !           151: for
        !           152: .BR AF_NS ,
        !           153: and
        !           154: .IR unix ,
        !           155: for
        !           156: .BR AF_UNIX .
        !           157: .PP
        !           158: The arguments, 
        !           159: .I system
        !           160: and
        !           161: .I core
        !           162: allow substitutes for the defaults ``/vmunix'' and ``/dev/kmem''.
        !           163: .PP
        !           164: The default display, for active sockets, shows the local
        !           165: and remote addresses, send and receive queue sizes (in bytes), protocol,
        !           166: and the internal state of the protocol.
        !           167: Address formats are of the form ``host.port'' or ``network.port''
        !           168: if a socket's address specifies a network but no specific host address.
        !           169: When known the host and network addresses are displayed symbolically
        !           170: according to the data bases
        !           171: .I /etc/hosts
        !           172: and
        !           173: .IR /etc/networks ,
        !           174: respectively.  If a symbolic name for an address is unknown, or if
        !           175: the 
        !           176: .B \-n
        !           177: option is specified, the address is printed numerically, according
        !           178: to the address family.
        !           179: For more information regarding 
        !           180: the Internet ``dot format,''
        !           181: refer to 
        !           182: .IR inet (3N).
        !           183: Unspecified,
        !           184: or ``wildcard'', addresses and ports appear as ``*''.  
        !           185: .PP
        !           186: The interface display provides a table of cumulative
        !           187: statistics regarding packets transferred, errors, and collisions.
        !           188: The network addresses of the interface
        !           189: and the maximum transmission unit (``mtu'') are also displayed.
        !           190: .PP
        !           191: The routing table display indicates the available routes and
        !           192: their status.  Each route consists of a destination host or network
        !           193: and a gateway to use in forwarding packets.  The flags field shows
        !           194: the state of the route (``U'' if ``up''), whether the route
        !           195: is to a gateway (``G''), whether the route was created dynamically
        !           196: by a redirect (``D''), and whether the route has been modified
        !           197: by a redirect (``M'').  Direct routes are created for each
        !           198: interface attached to the local host;
        !           199: the gateway field for such entries shows the address of the outgoing interface.
        !           200: The refcnt field gives the
        !           201: current number of active uses of the route.  Connection oriented
        !           202: protocols normally hold on to a single route for the duration of
        !           203: a connection while connectionless protocols obtain a route while sending
        !           204: to the same destination.
        !           205: The use field provides a count of the number of packets
        !           206: sent using that route.  The interface entry indicates the network
        !           207: interface utilized for the route.
        !           208: .PP
        !           209: When 
        !           210: .I netstat
        !           211: is invoked with an
        !           212: .I interval
        !           213: argument, it displays a running count of statistics related to
        !           214: network interfaces.  This display consists of a
        !           215: column for the primary interface
        !           216: (the first interface found during autoconfiguration)
        !           217: and a column summarizing
        !           218: information for all interfaces.
        !           219: The primary interface may be replaced with another interface with the
        !           220: .I \-I
        !           221: option.
        !           222: The first line of each screen of information contains a summary since the
        !           223: system was last rebooted.  Subsequent lines of output show values
        !           224: accumulated over the preceding interval.
        !           225: .SH SEE ALSO
        !           226: iostat(1),
        !           227: vmstat(1),
        !           228: hosts(5),
        !           229: networks(5),
        !           230: protocols(5),
        !           231: services(5),
        !           232: trpt(8C)
        !           233: .SH BUGS
        !           234: The notion of errors is ill-defined.  Collisions mean
        !           235: something else for the IMP.

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