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Annotation of 43BSDTahoe/man/man1/tar.1, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .\"    @(#)tar.1       6.6 (Berkeley) 5/23/88
        !             2: .\"
        !             3: .TH TAR 1 "May 23, 1988"
        !             4: .AT 3
        !             5: .SH NAME
        !             6: tar \- tape archiver
        !             7: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !             8: .B tar
        !             9: [ key ] [ name ... ]
        !            10: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            11: .PP
        !            12: .I Tar
        !            13: saves and restores multiple files on a single file (usually a magnetic
        !            14: tape, but it can be any file).  
        !            15: .IR Tar 's
        !            16: actions are controlled by the
        !            17: .I key
        !            18: argument.  The
        !            19: .I key
        !            20: is a string of characters containing at most one function letter and possibly
        !            21: one or more function modifiers.  Other arguments to 
        !            22: .I tar
        !            23: are file or directory names specifying which files to dump or restore.
        !            24: In all cases, appearance of a directory name refers to
        !            25: the files and (recursively) subdirectories of that directory.
        !            26: .PP
        !            27: The function portion of the key is specified by one of the following letters:
        !            28: .TP 8
        !            29: .B r
        !            30: The named files are written on the end of the tape.  The
        !            31: .B c
        !            32: function implies this.
        !            33: .TP 8
        !            34: .B x
        !            35: The named files are extracted from the tape.  If the named file
        !            36: matches a directory whose contents had been written onto the tape, this
        !            37: directory is (recursively) extracted.  The owner, modification time, and mode
        !            38: are restored (if possible).  If no file argument is given, the entire content
        !            39: of the tape is extracted.  Note that if multiple entries specifying the same
        !            40: file are on the tape, the last one overwrites all earlier.
        !            41: .TP 8
        !            42: .B t
        !            43: The names of the specified files are listed each time they occur on
        !            44: the tape.  If no file argument is given, all of the names on the tape
        !            45: are listed.
        !            46: .TP 8
        !            47: .B u
        !            48: The named files are added to the tape if either they are not
        !            49: already there or have been modified since last put on the tape.
        !            50: .TP 8
        !            51: .B c
        !            52: Create a new tape; writing begins on the beginning of the tape
        !            53: instead of after the last file.  This command implies
        !            54: .BR r .
        !            55: .PP
        !            56: The following characters may be used in addition to the letter
        !            57: which selects the function desired.
        !            58: .TP 10
        !            59: .B o
        !            60: On output, tar normally places information specifying owner and modes
        !            61: of directories in the archive.  Former versions of tar, when encountering
        !            62: this information will give error message of the form
        !            63: .br
        !            64:        "<name>/: cannot create".
        !            65: .br
        !            66: This modifier will suppress the directory information.
        !            67: .TP 10
        !            68: .B p
        !            69: This modifier says to restore files to their original modes,
        !            70: ignoring the present
        !            71: .IR umask (2).
        !            72: Setuid and sticky information
        !            73: will also be restored to the super-user.
        !            74: .TP 10
        !            75: .B 0, ..., 9
        !            76: This modifier selects an alternate drive on which the tape is mounted.
        !            77: The default is drive 0 at 1600 bpi, which is normally /dev/rmt8.
        !            78: .TP 10
        !            79: .B v
        !            80: Normally
        !            81: .I tar
        !            82: does its work silently.  The
        !            83: .B v
        !            84: (verbose) option makes
        !            85: .I tar
        !            86: print the name of each file it treats preceded by the function
        !            87: letter.  With the
        !            88: .B t
        !            89: function, the verbose option
        !            90: gives more information about the tape entries than just their names.
        !            91: .TP 10
        !            92: .B w
        !            93: .I Tar
        !            94: prints the action to be taken followed by file name, then
        !            95: wait for user confirmation. If a word beginning with `y'
        !            96: is given, the action is done. Any other input means don't do it.
        !            97: .TP 10
        !            98: .B f
        !            99: .I Tar
        !           100: uses the next argument as the name of the archive instead of
        !           101: /dev/rmt?. If the name of the file is `\-', tar writes to standard output or
        !           102: reads from standard input, whichever is appropriate. Thus,
        !           103: .I tar
        !           104: can be used as the head or tail of a filter chain.
        !           105: .I Tar
        !           106: can also be used to move hierarchies with the command
        !           107: .ce 1
        !           108: cd fromdir; tar cf - . | (cd todir; tar xf -)
        !           109: .TP 10
        !           110: .B b
        !           111: .I Tar
        !           112: uses the next argument as the blocking factor for tape records. The
        !           113: default is 20 (the maximum). This option should only be used with raw magnetic
        !           114: tape archives (See 
        !           115: .B f
        !           116: above).  The block size is determined automatically
        !           117: when reading tapes (key letters `x' and `t').
        !           118: .TP 10
        !           119: .B s
        !           120: tells tar to strip off any leading slashes from pathnames.
        !           121: .TP 10
        !           122: .B l
        !           123: tells 
        !           124: .I tar
        !           125: to complain if it cannot resolve all of the links to the
        !           126: files dumped.  If this is not specified, no error messages are printed.
        !           127: .TP 10
        !           128: .B m
        !           129: tells 
        !           130: .I tar
        !           131: not to restore the modification times.  The modification time
        !           132: will be the time of extraction.
        !           133: .TP 10
        !           134: .B h
        !           135: Force 
        !           136: .I tar
        !           137: to follow symbolic links as if they were normal files or
        !           138: directories.  Normally, 
        !           139: .I tar
        !           140: does not follow symbolic links.
        !           141: .TP 10
        !           142: .B B
        !           143: Forces input and output blocking to 20 blocks per record.  This option
        !           144: was added so that 
        !           145: .I tar
        !           146: can work across a communications channel where the blocking may not
        !           147: be maintained.
        !           148: .TP 10
        !           149: .B C
        !           150: If a file name is preceded by 
        !           151: .BR \-C ,
        !           152: then 
        !           153: .I tar
        !           154: will perform a
        !           155: .IR chdir (2)
        !           156: to that file name.  This allows multiple directories not
        !           157: related by a close common parent to be archived using short
        !           158: relative path names.  For example, to archive files from /usr/include
        !           159: and from /etc, one might use
        !           160: .ti +0.5i
        !           161: tar c -C /usr include -C / etc
        !           162: .PP
        !           163: Previous restrictions dealing with
        !           164: .IR tar 's
        !           165: inability to properly handle blocked archives have been lifted.
        !           166: .PP
        !           167: .SH FILES
        !           168: /dev/rmt?
        !           169: .br
        !           170: /tmp/tar*
        !           171: .SH "SEE ALSO"
        !           172: tar(5)
        !           173: .SH DIAGNOSTICS
        !           174: Complaints about bad key characters and tape read/write errors.
        !           175: .br
        !           176: Complaints if enough memory is not available to hold the link tables.
        !           177: .SH BUGS
        !           178: There is no way to ask for the
        !           179: .IR n -th
        !           180: occurrence of a file.
        !           181: .br
        !           182: Tape errors are handled ungracefully.
        !           183: .br
        !           184: The 
        !           185: .B u
        !           186: option can be slow.
        !           187: .br
        !           188: The current limit on file name length is 100 characters.
        !           189: .br
        !           190: There is no way selectively to follow symbolic links.
        !           191: .br
        !           192: When extracting tapes created with the
        !           193: .B r
        !           194: or
        !           195: .B u
        !           196: options, directory modification times may not be set correctly.

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