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Annotation of 43BSDTahoe/man/man4/icmp.4, revision 1.1.1.1

1.1       root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1986 Regents of the University of California.
                      2: .\" All rights reserved.
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                     16: .\"    @(#)icmp.4      6.3 (Berkeley) 7/9/88
                     17: .\"
                     18: .TH ICMP 4P "July 9, 1988"
                     19: .UC 6
                     20: .SH NAME
                     21: icmp \- Internet Control Message Protocol
                     22: .SH SYNOPSIS
                     23: .B #include <sys/socket.h>
                     24: .br
                     25: .B #include <netinet/in.h>
                     26: .PP
                     27: .B s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, proto);
                     28: .SH DESCRIPTION
                     29: ICMP is the error and control message protocol used
                     30: by IP and the Internet protocol family.  It may be accessed
                     31: through a \*(lqraw socket\*(rq for network monitoring
                     32: and diagnostic functions.
                     33: The
                     34: .I proto
                     35: parameter to the socket call to create an ICMP socket
                     36: is obtained from
                     37: .IR getprotobyname (3N).
                     38: ICMP sockets are connectionless,
                     39: and are normally used with the
                     40: .I sendto 
                     41: and
                     42: .I recvfrom 
                     43: calls, though the
                     44: .IR connect (2)
                     45: call may also be used to fix the destination for future
                     46: packets (in which case the 
                     47: .IR read (2)
                     48: or
                     49: .IR recv (2)
                     50: and 
                     51: .IR write (2)
                     52: or
                     53: .IR send (2)
                     54: system calls may be used).
                     55: .PP
                     56: Outgoing packets automatically have an IP header prepended to
                     57: them (based on the destination address).
                     58: Incoming packets are received with the IP header and options intact.
                     59: .SH DIAGNOSTICS
                     60: A socket operation may fail with one of the following errors returned:
                     61: .TP 15
                     62: [EISCONN]
                     63: when trying to establish a connection on a socket which
                     64: already has one, or when trying to send a datagram with the destination
                     65: address specified and the socket is already connected;
                     66: .TP 15
                     67: [ENOTCONN]
                     68: when trying to send a datagram, but
                     69: no destination address is specified, and the socket hasn't been
                     70: connected;
                     71: .TP 15
                     72: [ENOBUFS]
                     73: when the system runs out of memory for
                     74: an internal data structure;
                     75: .TP 15
                     76: [EADDRNOTAVAIL]
                     77: when an attempt is made to create a 
                     78: socket with a network address for which no network interface
                     79: exists.
                     80: .SH SEE ALSO
                     81: send(2), recv(2), intro(4N), inet(4F), ip(4P)

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