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Annotation of 43BSDTahoe/man/man4/ns.4, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1985 Regents of the University of California.
        !             2: .\" All rights reserved.  The Berkeley software License Agreement
        !             3: .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
        !             4: .\"
        !             5: .\"    @(#)ns.4f       1.3 (Berkeley) 5/21/86
        !             6: .\"
        !             7: .TH NS 4F "July 30, 1985"
        !             8: .UC 6
        !             9: .SH NAME
        !            10: ns \- Xerox Network Systems(tm) protocol family
        !            11: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !            12: \fBoptions NS\fP
        !            13: .br
        !            14: \fBoptions NSIP\fP
        !            15: .br
        !            16: \fBpseudo-device ns\fP
        !            17: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            18: .IX  "ns device"  ""  "\fLns\fP \(em Xerox NS protocol family"
        !            19: The NS protocol family is a collection of protocols
        !            20: layered atop the
        !            21: .I Internet Datagram Protocol
        !            22: (IDP) transport layer, and using the Xerox NS address formats.
        !            23: The NS family provides protocol support for the
        !            24: SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_SEQPACKET, and SOCK_RAW socket types; the
        !            25: SOCK_RAW interface is a debugging tool, allowing you to trace all packets
        !            26: entering, (or with toggling kernel variable, additionally leaving) the local
        !            27: host.
        !            28: .SH ADDRESSING
        !            29: NS addresses are 12 byte quantities, consisting of a 
        !            30: 4 byte Network number, a 6 byte Host number and a 2 byte port number,
        !            31: all stored in network standard format.
        !            32: (on the VAX these are word and byte reversed; on the Sun they are not
        !            33: reversed).  The include file
        !            34: .RI < netns/ns.h >
        !            35: defines the NS address as a structure containing unions (for quicker
        !            36: comparisons).
        !            37: .PP
        !            38: Sockets in the Internet protocol family use the following
        !            39: addressing structure:
        !            40: .nf
        !            41: 
        !            42: struct sockaddr_ns {
        !            43:        short           sns_family;
        !            44:        struct ns_addr  sns_addr;
        !            45:        char            sns_zero[2];
        !            46: };
        !            47: 
        !            48: where an ns_addr is composed as follows:
        !            49: 
        !            50: union ns_host {
        !            51:        u_char          c_host[6];
        !            52:        u_short         s_host[3];
        !            53: };
        !            54: 
        !            55: union ns_net {
        !            56:        u_char          c_net[4];
        !            57:        u_short         s_net[2];
        !            58: };
        !            59: 
        !            60: struct ns_addr {
        !            61:        union ns_net    x_net;
        !            62:        union ns_host   x_host;
        !            63:        u_short x_port;
        !            64: };
        !            65: 
        !            66: .fi
        !            67: Sockets may be created with an address of all zeroes to effect
        !            68: ``wildcard'' matching on incoming messages.
        !            69: The local port address specified in a
        !            70: .IR bind (2)
        !            71: call is restricted to be greater than NSPORT_RESERVED
        !            72: (=3000, in <netns/ns.h>) unless the creating process is running
        !            73: as the super-user, providing a space of protected port numbers.
        !            74: .SH PROTOCOLS
        !            75: The NS protocol family supported by the operating system
        !            76: is comprised of
        !            77: the Internet Datagram Protocol (IDP)
        !            78: .IR idp (4P),
        !            79: Error Protocol (available through IDP),
        !            80: and
        !            81: Sequenced Packet Protocol (SPP)
        !            82: .IR spp (4P).
        !            83: .LP
        !            84: SPP is used to support the SOCK_STREAM and SOCK_SEQPACKET abstraction,
        !            85: while IDP is used to support the SOCK_DGRAM abstraction.
        !            86: The Error protocol is responded to by the kernel
        !            87: to handle and report errors in protocol processing;
        !            88: it is, however,
        !            89: only accessible to user programs through heroic actions.
        !            90: .SH SEE ALSO
        !            91: intro(3), byteorder(3N), gethostbyname(3N), getnetent(3N),
        !            92: getprotoent(3N), getservent(3N), ns(3N),
        !            93: intro(4N), spp(4P), idp(4P), nsip(4)
        !            94: .br
        !            95: Internet Transport Protocols, Xerox Corporation document XSIS-028112
        !            96: .br
        !            97: An Advanced 4.3BSD Interprocess Communication Tutorial

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