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1.1 ! root 1: .\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. ! 2: .\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement ! 3: .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. ! 4: .\" ! 5: .\" @(#)hier.7 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/20/85 ! 6: .\" ! 7: .TH HIER 7 "May 20, 1985" ! 8: .UC 4 ! 9: .SH NAME ! 10: hier \- file system hierarchy ! 11: .SH DESCRIPTION ! 12: The following outline gives a quick tour through a representative ! 13: directory hierarchy. ! 14: .na ! 15: .nh ! 16: .IP / ! 17: root ! 18: .PD 0 ! 19: .IP /vmunix ! 20: the kernel binary (UNIX itself) ! 21: .IP /lost+found ! 22: directory for connecting detached files for ! 23: .IR fsck (8) ! 24: .IP /dev/ ! 25: devices (4) ! 26: .RS ! 27: .IP MAKEDEV ! 28: shell script to create special files ! 29: .IP MAKEDEV.local ! 30: site specific part of MAKEDEV ! 31: .IP console ! 32: main console, ! 33: .IR tty (4) ! 34: .IP tty* ! 35: terminals, ! 36: .IR tty (4) ! 37: .IP hp* ! 38: disks, ! 39: .IR hp (4) ! 40: .IP rhp* ! 41: raw disks, ! 42: .IR hp (4) ! 43: .IP up* ! 44: UNIBUS disks ! 45: .IR up (4) ! 46: .IP ... ! 47: .RE ! 48: .IP /bin/ ! 49: utility programs, cf /usr/bin/ (1) ! 50: .RS ! 51: .IP as ! 52: assembler ! 53: .IP cc ! 54: C compiler executive, cf /lib/ccom, /lib/cpp, /lib/c2 ! 55: .IP csh ! 56: C shell ! 57: .IP ... ! 58: .RE ! 59: .IP /lib/ ! 60: object libraries and other stuff, cf /usr/lib/ ! 61: .RS ! 62: .IP libc.a ! 63: system calls, standard I/O, etc. (2,3,3S) ! 64: .IP ... ! 65: .IP ccom ! 66: C compiler proper ! 67: .IP cpp ! 68: C preprocessor ! 69: .IP c2 ! 70: C code improver ! 71: .IP ... ! 72: .RE ! 73: .IP /etc/ ! 74: essential data and maintenance utilities; sect (8) ! 75: .RS ! 76: .IP dump ! 77: dump program ! 78: .IR dump (8) ! 79: .IP passwd ! 80: password file, ! 81: .IR passwd (5) ! 82: .IP group ! 83: group file, ! 84: .IR group (5) ! 85: .IP motd ! 86: message of the day, ! 87: .IR login (1) ! 88: .IP termcap ! 89: description of terminal capabilities, ! 90: .IR termcap (5) ! 91: .IP ttytype ! 92: table of what kind of terminal is on each port, ! 93: .IR ttytype (5) ! 94: .IP mtab ! 95: mounted file table, ! 96: .IR mtab (5) ! 97: .IP dumpdates ! 98: dump history, ! 99: .IR dump (8) ! 100: .IP fstab ! 101: file system configuration table ! 102: .IR fstab (5) ! 103: .IP disktab ! 104: disk characteristics and partition tables, ! 105: .IR disktab (5) ! 106: .IP hosts ! 107: host name to network address mapping file, ! 108: .IR hosts (5) ! 109: .IP networks ! 110: network name to network number mapping file, ! 111: .IR networks (5) ! 112: .IP protocols ! 113: protocol name to protocol number mapping file, ! 114: .IR protocols (5) ! 115: .IP services ! 116: network services definition file, ! 117: .IR services (5) ! 118: .IP remote ! 119: names and description of remote hosts for ! 120: .IR tip (1C), ! 121: .IR remote (5) ! 122: .IP phones ! 123: private phone numbers for remote hosts, as described in ! 124: .IR phones (5) ! 125: .IP ttys ! 126: properties of terminals, ! 127: .IR ttys (5) ! 128: .IP getty ! 129: part of ! 130: .IR login , ! 131: .IR getty (8) ! 132: .IP init ! 133: the parent of all processes, ! 134: .IR init (8) ! 135: .IP rc ! 136: shell program to bring the system up ! 137: .IP rc.local ! 138: site dependent portion of ! 139: .I rc ! 140: .IP cron ! 141: the clock daemon, ! 142: .IR cron (8) ! 143: .IP mount ! 144: .IR mount (8) ! 145: .IP ... ! 146: .RE ! 147: .IP /sys/ ! 148: system source ! 149: .RS ! 150: .IP h/ ! 151: header (include) files ! 152: .RS ! 153: .IP acct.h ! 154: .IR acct (5) ! 155: .IP stat.h ! 156: .IR stat (2) ! 157: .IP ... ! 158: .RE ! 159: .IP sys/ ! 160: machine independent system source ! 161: .RS ! 162: .IP init_main.c ! 163: .IP uipc_socket.c ! 164: .IP ufs_syscalls.c ! 165: .IP ... ! 166: .RE ! 167: .IP conf/ ! 168: site configuration files ! 169: .RS ! 170: .IP GENERIC ! 171: .IP ... ! 172: .RE ! 173: .IP net/ ! 174: general network source ! 175: .IP netinet/ ! 176: DARPA Internet network source ! 177: .IP netimp/ ! 178: network code related to use of an IMP ! 179: .RS ! 180: .IP if_imp.c ! 181: .IP if_imphost.c ! 182: .IP if_imphost.h ! 183: .IP ... ! 184: .RE ! 185: .IP vax/ ! 186: source specific to the VAX ! 187: .RS ! 188: .IP locore.s ! 189: .IP machdep.c ! 190: .IP ... ! 191: .RE ! 192: .IP vaxuba/ ! 193: device drivers for hardware which resides on the UNIBUS ! 194: .RS ! 195: .IP uba.c ! 196: .IP dh.c ! 197: .IP up.c ! 198: .IP ... ! 199: .RE ! 200: .IP vaxmba/ ! 201: device drivers for hardware which resides on the MASBUS ! 202: .RS ! 203: .IP mba.c ! 204: .IP hp.c ! 205: .IP ht.c ! 206: .IP ... ! 207: .RE ! 208: .IP vaxif ! 209: network interface drivers for the VAX ! 210: .RS ! 211: .IP if_en.c ! 212: .IP if_ec.c ! 213: .IP if_vv.c ! 214: .IP ... ! 215: .RE ! 216: .RE ! 217: .IP /tmp/ ! 218: temporary files, usually on a fast device, cf /usr/tmp/ ! 219: .RS ! 220: .IP e* ! 221: used by ! 222: .IR ed (1) ! 223: .IP ctm* ! 224: used by ! 225: .IR cc (1) ! 226: .IP ... ! 227: .RE ! 228: .IP /usr/ ! 229: general-pupose directory, usually a mounted file system ! 230: .RS ! 231: .IP adm/ ! 232: administrative information ! 233: .RS ! 234: .IP wtmp ! 235: login history, ! 236: .IR utmp (5) ! 237: .IP messages ! 238: hardware error messages ! 239: .IP tracct ! 240: phototypesetter accounting, ! 241: .IR troff (1) ! 242: .IP lpacct ! 243: line printer accounting ! 244: .IR lpr (1) ! 245: .IP "vaacct, vpacct" ! 246: varian and versatec accounting ! 247: .IR vpr (1), ! 248: .IR vtroff (1), ! 249: .IR pac (8) ! 250: .RE ! 251: .RE ! 252: .IP /usr\t/bin ! 253: .RS ! 254: utility programs, to keep /bin/ small ! 255: .IP tmp/ ! 256: temporaries, to keep /tmp/ small ! 257: .RS ! 258: .IP stm* ! 259: used by ! 260: .IR sort (1) ! 261: .IP raster ! 262: used by ! 263: .IR plot (1G) ! 264: .RE ! 265: .IP dict/ ! 266: word lists, etc. ! 267: .RS ! 268: .IP words ! 269: principal word list, used by ! 270: .IR look (1) ! 271: .IP spellhist ! 272: history file for ! 273: .IR spell (1) ! 274: .RE ! 275: .IP games/ ! 276: .RS ! 277: .IP hangman ! 278: .IP lib/ ! 279: library of stuff for the games ! 280: .RS ! 281: .IP quiz.k/ ! 282: what ! 283: .IR quiz (6) ! 284: knows ! 285: .RS ! 286: .IP index ! 287: category index ! 288: .IP africa ! 289: countries and capitals ! 290: .IP ... ! 291: .RE ! 292: .IP ... ! 293: .RE ! 294: .IP ... ! 295: .RE ! 296: .IP include/ ! 297: standard #include files ! 298: .RS ! 299: .IP a.out.h ! 300: object file layout, ! 301: .IR a.out (5) ! 302: .IP stdio.h ! 303: standard I/O, ! 304: .IR intro (3S) ! 305: .IP math.h ! 306: (3M) ! 307: .IP ... ! 308: .IP sys/ ! 309: system-defined layouts, cf /sys/h ! 310: .IP net/ ! 311: symbolic link to sys/net ! 312: .IP machine/ ! 313: symbolic link to sys/machine ! 314: .IP ... ! 315: .RE ! 316: .IP lib/ ! 317: object libraries and stuff, to keep /lib/ small ! 318: .RS ! 319: .IP atrun ! 320: scheduler for ! 321: .IR at (1) ! 322: .IP lint/ ! 323: utility files for lint ! 324: .RS ! 325: .IP lint[12] ! 326: subprocesses for ! 327: .IR lint (1) ! 328: .IP llib-lc ! 329: dummy declarations for /lib/libc.a, used by ! 330: .IR lint (1) ! 331: .IP llib-lm ! 332: dummy declarations for /lib/libc.m ! 333: .IP ... ! 334: .RE ! 335: .IP struct/ ! 336: passes of ! 337: .IR struct (1) ! 338: .IP ... ! 339: .IP tmac/ ! 340: macros for ! 341: .IR troff (1) ! 342: .RS ! 343: .IP tmac.an ! 344: macros for ! 345: .IR man (7) ! 346: .IP tmac.s ! 347: macros for ! 348: .IR ms (7) ! 349: .IP ... ! 350: .RE ! 351: .IP font/ ! 352: fonts for ! 353: .IR troff (1) ! 354: .RS ! 355: .IP ftR ! 356: Times Roman ! 357: .IP ftB ! 358: Times Bold ! 359: .IP ... ! 360: .RE ! 361: .IP uucp/ ! 362: programs and data for ! 363: .IR uucp (1C) ! 364: .RS ! 365: .IP L.sys ! 366: remote system names and numbers ! 367: .IP uucico ! 368: the real copy program ! 369: .IP ... ! 370: .RE ! 371: .IP units ! 372: conversion tables for ! 373: .IR units (1) ! 374: .IP eign ! 375: list of English words to be ignored by ! 376: .IR ptx (1) ! 377: .RE ! 378: .RE ! 379: .br ! 380: .ne 5 ! 381: .IP /usr/\tman/ ! 382: .RS ! 383: volume 1 of this manual, ! 384: .IR man (1) ! 385: .RS ! 386: .IP man0/ ! 387: general ! 388: .RS ! 389: .IP intro ! 390: introduction to volume 1, ! 391: .IR ms (7) ! 392: format ! 393: .IP xx ! 394: template for manual page ! 395: .RE ! 396: .IP man1/ ! 397: chapter 1 ! 398: .RS ! 399: .IP as.1 ! 400: .IP mount.1m ! 401: .IP ... ! 402: .RE ! 403: .IP ... ! 404: .IP cat1/ ! 405: preformatted pages for section 1 ! 406: .IP ... ! 407: .RE ! 408: .IP msgs/ ! 409: messages, cf ! 410: .IR msgs (1) ! 411: .RS ! 412: .IP bounds ! 413: highest and lowest message ! 414: .RE ! 415: .IP new/ ! 416: binaries of new versions of programs ! 417: .IP preserve/ ! 418: editor temporaries preserved here after crashes/hangups ! 419: .IP public/ ! 420: binaries of user programs - write permission to everyone ! 421: .IP spool/ ! 422: delayed execution files ! 423: .RS ! 424: .IP at/ ! 425: used by ! 426: .IR at (1) ! 427: .IP lpd/ ! 428: used by ! 429: .IR lpr (1) ! 430: .RS ! 431: .IP lock ! 432: present when line printer is active ! 433: .IP cf* ! 434: copy of file to be printed, if necessary ! 435: .IP df* ! 436: daemon control file, ! 437: .IR lpd (8) ! 438: .IP tf* ! 439: transient control file, while ! 440: .I lpr ! 441: is working ! 442: .RE ! 443: .IP uucp/ ! 444: work files and staging area for ! 445: .IR uucp (1C) ! 446: .RS ! 447: .IP LOGFILE ! 448: summary log ! 449: .IP LOG.* ! 450: log file for one transaction ! 451: .RE ! 452: .IP mail/ ! 453: mailboxes for ! 454: .IR mail (1) ! 455: .RS ! 456: .TP ! 457: .I name ! 458: mail file for user ! 459: .I name ! 460: .TP ! 461: .IR name .lock ! 462: lock file while ! 463: .I name ! 464: is receiving mail ! 465: .RE ! 466: .IP secretmail/ ! 467: like ! 468: .IR mail / ! 469: .IP uucp/ ! 470: work files and staging area for ! 471: .IR uucp (1C) ! 472: .RS ! 473: .IP LOGFILE ! 474: summary log ! 475: .IP LOG.* ! 476: log file for one transaction ! 477: .IP mqueue/ ! 478: mail queue for ! 479: .IR sendmail (8) ! 480: .RE ! 481: .RE ! 482: .TP ! 483: .I wd ! 484: initial working directory of a user, ! 485: typically ! 486: .I wd ! 487: is the user's login name ! 488: .RS ! 489: .TP ! 490: .BR . profile ! 491: set environment for ! 492: .IR sh (1), ! 493: .IR environ (7) ! 494: .TP ! 495: .BR . project ! 496: what you are doing (used by ( ! 497: .IR finger (1) ! 498: ) ! 499: .TP ! 500: .BR . cshrc ! 501: startup file for ! 502: .IR csh (1) ! 503: .TP ! 504: .BR . exrc ! 505: startup file for ! 506: .IR ex (1) ! 507: .TP ! 508: .BR . plan ! 509: what your short-term plans are (used by ! 510: .IR finger (1) ! 511: ) ! 512: .TP ! 513: .BR . netrc ! 514: startup file for various network programs ! 515: .TP ! 516: .BR . msgsrc ! 517: startup file for ! 518: .IR msgs (1) ! 519: .TP ! 520: .BR . mailrc ! 521: startup file for ! 522: .IR mail (1) ! 523: .IP calendar ! 524: user's datebook for ! 525: .IR calendar (1) ! 526: .RE ! 527: .IP doc/ ! 528: papers, mostly in volume 2 of this manual, typically in ! 529: .IR ms (7) ! 530: format ! 531: .RS ! 532: .IP as/ ! 533: assembler manual ! 534: .IP c ! 535: C manual ! 536: .IP ... ! 537: .RE ! 538: .RE ! 539: .RE ! 540: .IP /usr/\tsrc/ ! 541: .RS ! 542: .IP ! 543: source programs for utilities, etc. ! 544: .RS ! 545: .IP bin/ ! 546: source of commands in /bin ! 547: .RS ! 548: .IP as/ ! 549: assembler ! 550: .IP ar.c ! 551: source for ! 552: .IR ar (1) ! 553: .IP ... ! 554: .RE ! 555: .IP usr.bin/ ! 556: source for commands in /usr/bin ! 557: .RS ! 558: .IP troff/ ! 559: source for ! 560: .I nroff ! 561: and ! 562: .IR troff (1) ! 563: .RS ! 564: .IP font/ ! 565: source for font tables, /usr/lib/font/ ! 566: .RS ! 567: .IP ftR.c ! 568: Roman ! 569: .IP ... ! 570: .RE ! 571: .IP term/ ! 572: terminal characteristics tables, /usr/lib/term/ ! 573: .RS ! 574: .IP tab300.c ! 575: DASI 300 ! 576: .IP ... ! 577: .RE ! 578: .IP ... ! 579: .RE ! 580: .RE ! 581: .IP ucb ! 582: source for programs in /usr/ucb ! 583: .IP games/ ! 584: source for /usr/games ! 585: .IP lib/ ! 586: source for programs and archives in /lib ! 587: .RS ! 588: .IP libc/ ! 589: C runtime library ! 590: .RS ! 591: .IP csu/ ! 592: startup and wrapup routines needed with every C program ! 593: .RS ! 594: .IP crt0.s ! 595: regular startup ! 596: .IP mcrt0.s ! 597: modified startup for ! 598: .I cc \-p ! 599: .RE ! 600: .IP sys/ ! 601: system calls (2) ! 602: .RS ! 603: .IP access.s ! 604: .IP brk.s ! 605: .IP ... ! 606: .RE ! 607: .RE ! 608: .IP stdio/ ! 609: standard I/O functions (3S) ! 610: .RS ! 611: .IP fgets.c ! 612: .IP fopen.c ! 613: .IP ... ! 614: .RE ! 615: .IP gen/ ! 616: other functions in (3) ! 617: .RS ! 618: .IP abs.c ! 619: .IP ... ! 620: .RE ! 621: .IP net/ ! 622: network functions in (3N) ! 623: .RS ! 624: .IP gethostbyname.c ! 625: .IP ... ! 626: .RE ! 627: .RE ! 628: .IP local/ ! 629: source which isn't normally distributed ! 630: .IP new/ ! 631: source for new versions of commands and library routines ! 632: .IP old/ ! 633: source for old versions of commands and library routines ! 634: .IP ucb/ ! 635: binaries of programs developed at UCB ! 636: .RS ! 637: .IP ... ! 638: .IP edit ! 639: editor for beginners ! 640: .IP ex ! 641: command editor for experienced users ! 642: .IP ... ! 643: .IP mail ! 644: mail reading/sending subsystem ! 645: .IP man ! 646: on line documentation ! 647: .IP ... ! 648: .IP pi ! 649: Pascal translator ! 650: .IP px ! 651: Pascal interpreter ! 652: .IP ... ! 653: .IP vi ! 654: visual editor ! 655: .RE ! 656: .RE ! 657: .ad ! 658: .SH SEE ALSO ! 659: ls(1), ! 660: apropos(1), ! 661: whatis(1), ! 662: whereis(1), ! 663: finger(1), ! 664: which(1), ! 665: ncheck(8), ! 666: find(1), ! 667: grep(1) ! 668: .SH BUGS ! 669: The position of files is subject to change without notice.
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