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1.1 root 1: .\" Copyright (c) 1986 Regents of the University of California.
2: .\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement
3: .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
4: .\"
5: .\" @(#)XNSrouted.8c 6.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/86
6: .\"
7: .TH XNSROUTED 8C "June 4, 1986"
8: .UC 6
9: .SH NAME
10: XNSrouted \- NS Routing Information Protocol daemon
11: .SH SYNOPSIS
12: .B /etc/XNSrouted
13: [
14: .B \-s
15: ] [
16: .B \-q
17: ] [
18: .B \-t
19: ] [
20: .I logfile
21: ]
22: .SH DESCRIPTION
23: .I XNSrouted
24: is invoked at boot time to manage the Xerox NS routing tables.
25: The NS routing daemon uses the Xerox NS Routing
26: Information Protocol in maintaining up to date kernel routing
27: table entries.
28: .PP
29: In normal operation
30: .I XNSrouted
31: listens
32: for routing information packets. If the host is connected to
33: multiple NS networks, it periodically supplies copies
34: of its routing tables to any directly connected hosts
35: and networks.
36: .PP
37: When
38: .I XNSrouted
39: is started, it uses the SIOCGIFCONF
40: .I ioctl
41: to find those
42: directly connected interfaces configured into the
43: system and marked ``up'' (the software loopback interface
44: is ignored). If multiple interfaces
45: are present, it is assumed the host will forward packets
46: between networks.
47: .I XNSrouted
48: then transmits a
49: .I request
50: packet on each interface (using a broadcast packet if
51: the interface supports it) and enters a loop, listening
52: for
53: .I request
54: and
55: .I response
56: packets from other hosts.
57: .PP
58: When a
59: .I request
60: packet is received,
61: .I XNSrouted
62: formulates a reply based on the information maintained in its
63: internal tables. The
64: .I response
65: packet generated contains a list of known routes, each marked
66: with a ``hop count'' metric (a count of 16, or greater, is
67: considered ``infinite''). The metric associated with each
68: route returned provides a metric
69: .IR "relative to the sender" .
70: .PP
71: .I Response
72: packets received by
73: .I XNSrouted
74: are used to update the routing tables if one of the following
75: conditions is satisfied:
76: .TP
77: (1)
78: No routing table entry exists for the destination network
79: or host, and the metric indicates the destination is ``reachable''
80: (i.e. the hop count is not infinite).
81: .TP
82: (2)
83: The source host of the packet is the same as the router in the
84: existing routing table entry. That is, updated information is
85: being received from the very internetwork router through which
86: packets for the destination are being routed.
87: .TP
88: (3)
89: The existing entry in the routing table has not been updated for
90: some time (defined to be 90 seconds) and the route is at least
91: as cost effective as the current route.
92: .TP
93: (4)
94: The new route describes a shorter route to the destination than
95: the one currently stored in the routing tables; the metric of
96: the new route is compared against the one stored in the table
97: to decide this.
98: .PP
99: When an update is applied,
100: .I XNSrouted
101: records the change in its internal tables and generates a
102: .I response
103: packet to all directly connected hosts and networks.
104: .I Routed
105: waits a short period
106: of time (no more than 30 seconds) before modifying the kernel's
107: routing tables to allow possible unstable situations to settle.
108: .PP
109: In addition to processing incoming packets,
110: .I XNSrouted
111: also periodically checks the routing table entries.
112: If an entry has not been updated for 3 minutes, the entry's metric
113: is set to infinity and marked for deletion. Deletions are delayed
114: an additional 60 seconds to insure the invalidation is propagated
115: to other routers.
116: .PP
117: Hosts acting as internetwork routers gratuitously supply their
118: routing tables every 30 seconds to all directly connected hosts
119: and networks.
120: .PP
121: Supplying the
122: .B \-s
123: option forces
124: .I XNSrouted
125: to supply routing information whether it is acting as an internetwork
126: router or not.
127: The
128: .B \-q
129: option is the opposite of the
130: .B \-s
131: option. If the
132: .B \-t
133: option is specified, all packets sent or received are
134: printed on the standard output. In addition,
135: .I XNSrouted
136: will not divorce itself from the controlling terminal
137: so that interrupts from the keyboard will kill the process.
138: Any other argument supplied is interpreted as the name
139: of file in which
140: .IR XNSrouted 's
141: actions should be logged. This log contains information
142: about any changes to the routing tables and a history of
143: recent messages sent and received which are related to
144: the changed route.
145: .SH "SEE ALSO"
146: ``Internet Transport Protocols'', XSIS 028112, Xerox System Integration
147: Standard.
148: .br
149: idp(4P)
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