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Annotation of 43BSDTahoe/man/man8/ping.8, revision 1.1.1.1

1.1       root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1985 Regents of the University of California.
                      2: .\" All rights reserved.  The Berkeley software License Agreement
                      3: .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
                      4: .\"
                      5: .\"    @(#)ping.8      6.2 (Berkeley) 5/23/86
                      6: .\"
                      7: .TH PING 8 "May 23, 1986"
                      8: .UC 6
                      9: .SH NAME
                     10: ping \- send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
                     11: .SH SYNOPSIS
                     12: .B /etc/ping
                     13: [
                     14: .B \-r
                     15: ] [
                     16: .B \-v
                     17: ]
                     18: .I host
                     19: [
                     20: .I packetsize
                     21: ] [
                     22: .I count
                     23: ]
                     24: .SH DESCRIPTION
                     25: The DARPA Internet is a large and complex aggregation of
                     26: network hardware, connected together by gateways.
                     27: Tracking a single-point hardware or software failure
                     28: can often be difficult.
                     29: .I Ping
                     30: utilizes the
                     31: ICMP protocol's mandatory ECHO_REQUEST datagram to elicit an
                     32: ICMP ECHO_RESPONSE from a host or gateway.
                     33: ECHO_REQUEST datagrams (``pings'') have an IP and ICMP header,
                     34: followed by a \fBstruct timeval\fR, and then an arbitrary number
                     35: of ``pad'' bytes used to fill out the packet.
                     36: Default datagram length is 64 bytes, but this may be changed
                     37: using the command-line option.
                     38: Other options are:
                     39: .TP
                     40: .B \-r
                     41: Bypass the normal routing tables and send directly to a host on an attached
                     42: network.
                     43: If the host is not on a directly-attached network,
                     44: an error is returned.
                     45: This option can be used to ping a local host through an interface
                     46: that has no route through it (e.g., after the interface was dropped by
                     47: .IR routed (8C)).
                     48: .TP
                     49: .B \-v
                     50: Verbose output.  ICMP packets other than ECHO RESPONSE that are received
                     51: are listed.
                     52: .PP
                     53: When using \fIping\fR for fault isolation,
                     54: it should first be run on the local
                     55: host, to verify that the local network interface is up and
                     56: running.
                     57: Then, hosts and gateways further and further away
                     58: should be ``pinged''.
                     59: \fIPing\fR sends one datagram per second, and
                     60: prints one line of output for every ECHO_RESPONSE returned.
                     61: No output is produced if there is no response.
                     62: If an optional
                     63: .I count
                     64: is given, only that number of requests is sent.
                     65: Round-trip times and packet loss statistics are computed.
                     66: When all responses have been received or the program times out (with a
                     67: .I count
                     68: specified),
                     69: or if the program is terminated with a SIGINT, a brief
                     70: summary is displayed.
                     71: .PP
                     72: This program is intended for use in network testing, measurement
                     73: and management.
                     74: It should be used primarily for manual fault isolation.
                     75: Because of the load it could impose on the network,
                     76: it is unwise to use
                     77: .I ping
                     78: during normal operations or from automated scripts.
                     79: .SH AUTHOR
                     80: Mike Muuss
                     81: .SH SEE ALSO
                     82: netstat(1),
                     83: ifconfig(8C)

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