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Annotation of 43BSDTahoe/man/man8/route.8, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: .\" Copyright (c) 1983 Regents of the University of California.
        !             2: .\" All rights reserved.  The Berkeley software License Agreement
        !             3: .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
        !             4: .\"
        !             5: .\"    @(#)route.8c    6.2 (Berkeley) 5/24/86
        !             6: .\"
        !             7: .TH ROUTE 8C "May 24, 1986"
        !             8: .UC 5
        !             9: .SH NAME
        !            10: route \- manually manipulate the routing tables
        !            11: .SH SYNOPSIS
        !            12: .B /etc/route
        !            13: [
        !            14: .B \-f
        !            15: ] [
        !            16: .B \-n
        !            17: ] [
        !            18: .I command args
        !            19: ]
        !            20: .SH DESCRIPTION
        !            21: .I Route
        !            22: is a program used to manually manipulate the network
        !            23: routing tables.  It normally is not needed, as the
        !            24: system routing table management daemon,
        !            25: .IR routed (8C),
        !            26: should tend to this task.
        !            27: .PP
        !            28: .I Route
        !            29: accepts two commands:
        !            30: .IR add ,
        !            31: to add a route, and
        !            32: .IR delete ,
        !            33: to delete a route.
        !            34: .PP
        !            35: All commands have the following syntax:
        !            36: .PP
        !            37: .ti +0.25i
        !            38: .B /etc/route 
        !            39: .I command
        !            40: [
        !            41: .B net
        !            42: |
        !            43: .B host
        !            44: ]
        !            45: .I destination gateway
        !            46: [
        !            47: .I metric
        !            48: ]
        !            49: .PP
        !            50: where
        !            51: .I destination
        !            52: is the destination host or network,
        !            53: .I gateway
        !            54: is the next-hop gateway to which packets should be addressed, and
        !            55: .I metric
        !            56: is a count indicating the number of hops to
        !            57: the
        !            58: .IR destination .
        !            59: The metric is required for
        !            60: .I add
        !            61: commands; it must be zero if the destination is on a directly-attached network,
        !            62: and nonzero if the route utilizes one or more gateways.
        !            63: If adding a route with metric 0,
        !            64: the gateway given is the address of this host on the common network,
        !            65: indicating the interface to be used for transmission.
        !            66: Routes to a particular host are distinguished from those to
        !            67: a network by interpreting the Internet address associated with
        !            68: .IR destination .
        !            69: The optional keywords
        !            70: .B net
        !            71: and
        !            72: .B host
        !            73: force the destination to be interpreted as a network or a host, respectively.
        !            74: Otherwise, if the 
        !            75: .I destination
        !            76: has a ``local address part'' of INADDR_ANY,
        !            77: or if the
        !            78: .I destination
        !            79: is the symbolic name of a network, then the route is
        !            80: assumed to be to a network; otherwise, it is presumed to be a
        !            81: route to a host.  If the route is to a destination connected
        !            82: via a gateway, the 
        !            83: .I metric
        !            84: should be greater than 0.  All symbolic names specified for a
        !            85: .I destination 
        !            86: or 
        !            87: .I gateway
        !            88: are looked up first as a host name using
        !            89: .IR gethostbyname (3N).
        !            90: If this lookup fails,
        !            91: .IR getnetbyname (3N)
        !            92: is then used to interpret the name as that of a network.
        !            93: .PP
        !            94: .I Route
        !            95: uses a raw socket and the SIOCADDRT and SIOCDELRT
        !            96: .IR ioctl 's
        !            97: to do its work.  As such, only the super-user may modify
        !            98: the routing tables.
        !            99: .PP
        !           100: If the 
        !           101: .B \-f
        !           102: option is specified, 
        !           103: .I route
        !           104: will ``flush'' the routing tables of all gateway entries.
        !           105: If this is used in conjunction with one of the commands
        !           106: described above, the tables are flushed prior to the command's
        !           107: application.
        !           108: .PP
        !           109: The
        !           110: .B \-n
        !           111: option prevents attempts to print host and network names symbolically
        !           112: when reporting actions.
        !           113: .SH DIAGNOSTICS
        !           114: ``\fBadd [ host | network ] %s: gateway %s flags %x\fP''
        !           115: .br
        !           116: The specified route is being added to the tables.  The
        !           117: values printed are from the routing table entry supplied
        !           118: in the 
        !           119: .I ioctl
        !           120: call.
        !           121: If the gateway address used was not the primary address of the gateway
        !           122: (the first one returned by
        !           123: .IR gethostbyname ),
        !           124: the gateway address is printed numerically as well as symbolically.
        !           125: .PP
        !           126: ``\fBdelete [ host | network ] %s: gateway %s flags %x\fP''
        !           127: .br
        !           128: As above, but when deleting an entry.
        !           129: .PP
        !           130: ``\fB%s %s done\fP''
        !           131: .br
        !           132: When the 
        !           133: .B \-f
        !           134: flag is specified, each routing table entry deleted
        !           135: is indicated with a message of this form.
        !           136: .PP
        !           137: ``\fBNetwork is unreachable\fP''
        !           138: .br
        !           139: An attempt to add a route failed because the gateway listed was not
        !           140: on a directly-connected network.
        !           141: The next-hop gateway must be given.
        !           142: .PP
        !           143: ``\fBnot in table\fP''
        !           144: .br
        !           145: A delete operation was attempted for an entry which
        !           146: wasn't present in the tables.
        !           147: .PP
        !           148: ``\fBrouting table overflow\fP''
        !           149: .br
        !           150: An add operation was attempted, but the system was
        !           151: low on resources and was unable to allocate memory
        !           152: to create the new entry.
        !           153: .SH "SEE ALSO"
        !           154: intro(4N),
        !           155: routed(8C),
        !           156: XNSrouted(8C)

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