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Annotation of 43BSDTahoe/new/X/man/man1/uwm.0, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: 
        !             2: 
        !             3: 
        !             4: UWM(1)             UNIX Programmer's Manual               UWM(1)
        !             5: 
        !             6: 
        !             7: 
        !             8: NAME
        !             9:      uwm - Window Manager Client Application of X
        !            10: 
        !            11: SYNTAX
        !            12:      uwm  [-f _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e]
        !            13: 
        !            14: DESCRIPTION
        !            15:      The _u_w_m command is a window manager client application of
        !            16:      the window server.
        !            17: 
        !            18:      When the command is invoked, it traces a predefined search
        !            19:      path to locate any _u_w_m startup files.  If no startup files
        !            20:      exist, _u_w_m initializes its built-in default file.
        !            21: 
        !            22:      If startup files exist in any of the following locations, it
        !            23:      adds the variables to the default variables. In the case of
        !            24:      contention, the variables in the last file found override
        !            25:      previous specifications.  Files in the _u_w_m search path are:
        !            26: 
        !            27:        /_u_s_r/_n_e_w/_l_i_b/_X/_u_w_m/_s_y_s_t_e_m._u_w_m_r_c
        !            28:        $_H_O_M_E/._u_w_m_r_c
        !            29: 
        !            30:      To use only the settings defined in a single startup file,
        !            31:      include the variables, resetbindings, resetmenus, resetvari-
        !            32:      ables at the top of that specific startup file.
        !            33: 
        !            34: ARGUMENTS
        !            35:      -f _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e
        !            36:          Names an alternate file as a _u_w_m startup file.
        !            37: 
        !            38: STARTUP FILE VARIABLES
        !            39:      Variables are typically entered first, at the top of the
        !            40:      startup file.  By convention, resetbindings, resetmenus, and
        !            41:      resetvariables head the list.
        !            42: 
        !            43:      autoselect/noautoselect
        !            44:                    places menu cursor in first menu item.  If
        !            45:                    unspecified, menu cursor is placed in the
        !            46:                    menu header when the menu is displayed.
        !            47: 
        !            48:      delta=_p_i_x_e_l_s   indicates the number of pixels the cursor is
        !            49:                    moved before the action is interpreted by the
        !            50:                    window manager as a command.  (Also refer to
        !            51:                    the delta mouse action.)
        !            52: 
        !            53:      freeze/nofreeze
        !            54:                    locks all other client applications out of
        !            55:                    the server during certain window manager
        !            56:                    tasks, such as move and resize.
        !            57: 
        !            58:      grid/nogrid    displays a finely-ruled grid to help you
        !            59:                    position an icon or window during resize or
        !            60: 
        !            61: 
        !            62: 
        !            63: Printed 9/15/87          27 January 1986                       1
        !            64: 
        !            65: 
        !            66: 
        !            67: 
        !            68: 
        !            69: 
        !            70: UWM(1)             UNIX Programmer's Manual               UWM(1)
        !            71: 
        !            72: 
        !            73: 
        !            74:                    move operations.
        !            75: 
        !            76:      hiconpad=_n     indicates the number of pixels to pad an icon
        !            77:                    horizontally.  The default is five pixels.
        !            78: 
        !            79:      hmenupad=_n     indicates the amount of space in pixels, that
        !            80:                    each menu item is padded above and below the
        !            81:                    text.
        !            82: 
        !            83:      iconfont=_f_o_n_t_n_a_m_e
        !            84:                    names the font that is displayed within
        !            85:                    icons. Font names are listed in the font
        !            86:                    directory, /_u_s_r/_n_e_w/_l_i_b/_X/_f_o_n_t.
        !            87: 
        !            88:      maxcolors=_n    limits the number of colors the window
        !            89:                    manager can use in a given invocation. If set
        !            90:                    to zero, or not specified, _u_w_m assumes no
        !            91:                    limit to the number of colors it can take
        !            92:                    from the color map. maxcolors counts colors
        !            93:                    as they are included in the file.
        !            94: 
        !            95:      normali/nonormali
        !            96:                    places icons created with f.newiconify within
        !            97:                    the root window, even if it is placed par-
        !            98:                    tially off the screen.  With nonormali the
        !            99:                    icon is placed exactly where the cursor
        !           100:                    leaves it.
        !           101: 
        !           102:      normalw/nonormalw
        !           103:                    places window created with f.newiconify
        !           104:                    within the root window, even if it is placed
        !           105:                    partially off the screen.  With nonormalw the
        !           106:                    window is placed exactly where the cursor
        !           107:                    leaves it.
        !           108: 
        !           109:      push=_n      moves a window _n number of pixels or a rela-
        !           110:                    tive amount of space, depending on whether
        !           111:                    pushabsolute or pushrelative is specified.
        !           112:                    Use this variable in conjunction with
        !           113:                    f.pushup, f.pushdown, f.pushright, or
        !           114:                    f.pushleft.
        !           115: 
        !           116:      pushabsolute/pushrelative
        !           117:                    pushabsolute indicates that the number
        !           118:                    entered with push is equivalent to pixels.
        !           119:                    When an f.push (left, right, up, or down)
        !           120:                    function is called, the window is moved
        !           121:                    exactly that number of pixels.
        !           122: 
        !           123:                    pushrelative indicates that the number
        !           124:                    entered with the push variable represents a
        !           125:                    relative number.  When an f.push function is
        !           126: 
        !           127: 
        !           128: 
        !           129: Printed 9/15/87          27 January 1986                       2
        !           130: 
        !           131: 
        !           132: 
        !           133: 
        !           134: 
        !           135: 
        !           136: UWM(1)             UNIX Programmer's Manual               UWM(1)
        !           137: 
        !           138: 
        !           139: 
        !           140:                    called, the window is invisibly divided into
        !           141:                    the number of parts you entered with the push
        !           142:                    variable, and the window is moved one part.
        !           143: 
        !           144:      resetbindings, resetmenus, and resetvariables
        !           145:                    resets all previous function bindings, menus,
        !           146:                    and variables entries, specified in any
        !           147:                    startup file in the _u_w_m search path, includ-
        !           148:                    ing those in the default environment.  By
        !           149:                    convention, these variables are entered first
        !           150:                    in the startup file.
        !           151: 
        !           152:      resizefont=_f_o_n_t_n_a_m_e
        !           153:                    identifies the font of the indicator that
        !           154:                    displays in the corner of the window as you
        !           155:                    resize windows.  See the /_u_s_r/_n_e_w/_l_i_b/_X/_f_o_n_t
        !           156:                    directory for a list of fonts.
        !           157: 
        !           158:      reverse/noreverse
        !           159:                    defines the display as black characters on a
        !           160:                    white background for the window manager win-
        !           161:                    dows and icons.
        !           162: 
        !           163:      viconpad=_n     indicates the number of pixels to pad an icon
        !           164:                    vertically. Default is five pixels.
        !           165: 
        !           166:      vmenupad=_n     indicates the amount of space in pixels that
        !           167:                    the menu is padded on the right and left of
        !           168:                    the text.
        !           169: 
        !           170:      volume=_n            increases or decreases the base level volume
        !           171:                    set by the _x_s_e_t(_1) command.  Enter an integer
        !           172:                    from 0 to 7, 7 being the loudest.
        !           173: 
        !           174:      zap/nozap     causes ghost lines to follow the window or
        !           175:                    icon from its previous default location to
        !           176:                    its new location during a move or resize
        !           177:                    operation.
        !           178: 
        !           179: BINDING SYNTAX
        !           180:      "_f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n=[_c_o_n_t_r_o_l _k_e_y(_s)]:[_c_o_n_t_e_x_t]:_m_o_u_s_e _e_v_e_n_t_s:" _m_e_n_u
        !           181:      _n_a_m_e "
        !           182: 
        !           183:      Function and mouse events are required input.  Menu name is
        !           184:      required with the _f._m_e_n_u function definition only.
        !           185: 
        !           186: Function
        !           187:      f.beep        emits a beep from the keyboard.  Loudness is
        !           188:                    determined by the volume variable.
        !           189: 
        !           190:      f.circledown   causes the top window that is obscuring
        !           191:                    another window to drop to the bottom of the
        !           192: 
        !           193: 
        !           194: 
        !           195: Printed 9/15/87          27 January 1986                       3
        !           196: 
        !           197: 
        !           198: 
        !           199: 
        !           200: 
        !           201: 
        !           202: UWM(1)             UNIX Programmer's Manual               UWM(1)
        !           203: 
        !           204: 
        !           205: 
        !           206:                    stack of windows.
        !           207: 
        !           208:      f.circleup     exposes the lowest window that is obscured by
        !           209:                    other windows.
        !           210: 
        !           211:      f.continue     releases the window server display action
        !           212:                    after you stop action with the f.pause func-
        !           213:                    tion.
        !           214: 
        !           215:      f.focus       directs all keyboard input to the selected
        !           216:                    window.  To reset the focus to all windows,
        !           217:                    invoke _f._f_o_c_u_s from the root window.
        !           218: 
        !           219:      f.iconify     when implemented from a window, this function
        !           220:                    converts the window to its respective icon.
        !           221:                    When implemented from an icon, f.iconify con-
        !           222:                    verts the icon to its respective window.
        !           223: 
        !           224:      f.lower       lowers a window that is obstructing a window
        !           225:                    below it.
        !           226: 
        !           227:      f.menu        invokes a menu.  Enclose `menu name' in
        !           228:                    quotes if it contains blank characters or
        !           229:                    parentheses.
        !           230: 
        !           231:                         f.menu=[_c_o_n_t_r_o_l _k_e_y(_s)]:[_c_o_n_t_e_x_t ]:_m_o_u_s_e _e_v_e_n_t_s:" _m_e_n_u _n_a_m_e "
        !           232: 
        !           233: 
        !           234:      f.move        moves a window or icon to a new location,
        !           235:                    which becomes the default location.
        !           236: 
        !           237:      f.moveopaque   moves a window or icon to a new screen loca-
        !           238:                    tion.  When using this function, the entire
        !           239:                    window or icon is moved to the new screen
        !           240:                    location.  The grid effect is not used with
        !           241:                    this function.
        !           242: 
        !           243:      f.newiconify   allows you to create a window or icon and
        !           244:                    then position the window or icon in a new
        !           245:                    default location on the screen.
        !           246: 
        !           247:      f.pause       temporarily stops all display action.  To
        !           248:                    release the screen and immediately update all
        !           249:                    windows, use the f.continue function.
        !           250: 
        !           251:      f.pushdown     moves a window down. The distance of the push
        !           252:                    is determined by the push variables.
        !           253: 
        !           254:      f.pushleft     moves a window to the left. The distance of
        !           255:                    the push is determined by the push variables.
        !           256: 
        !           257:      f.pushright    moves a window to the right. The distance of
        !           258: 
        !           259: 
        !           260: 
        !           261: Printed 9/15/87          27 January 1986                       4
        !           262: 
        !           263: 
        !           264: 
        !           265: 
        !           266: 
        !           267: 
        !           268: UWM(1)             UNIX Programmer's Manual               UWM(1)
        !           269: 
        !           270: 
        !           271: 
        !           272:                    the push is determined by the push variables.
        !           273: 
        !           274:      f.pushup      moves a window up. The distance of the push
        !           275:                    is determined by the push variables.
        !           276: 
        !           277:      f.raise       raises a window that is being obstructed by a
        !           278:                    window above it.
        !           279: 
        !           280:      f.refresh     results in exposure events being sent to the
        !           281:                    window server clients for all unobscured or
        !           282:                    partially obscured windows.  The windows will
        !           283:                    not refresh correctly if the exposure events
        !           284:                    are not handled properly.
        !           285: 
        !           286:      f.resize      resizes an existing window.  Note that some
        !           287:                    clients, notably editors, react unpredictably
        !           288:                    if you resize the window while the client is
        !           289:                    running.
        !           290: 
        !           291:      f.restartn     causes the window manager application to res-
        !           292:                    tart, retracing the _u_w_m search path and ini-
        !           293:                    tializing the variables it finds.
        !           294: 
        !           295: Control Keys
        !           296:      By default, the window manager uses meta as its control key.
        !           297:      It can also use ctrl, shift, lock, or null (no control key).
        !           298:      Control keys must be entered in lower case, and can be
        !           299:      abbreviated as: c, l, m, s  for ctrl, lock, meta, and shift,
        !           300:      respectively.
        !           301: 
        !           302:      You can bind one, two, or no control keys to a function. Use
        !           303:      the bar (|) character to combine control keys.
        !           304: 
        !           305:      Note that client applications other than the window manager
        !           306:      use the shift as a control key.  If you bind the shift key
        !           307:      to a window manager function, you can not use other client
        !           308:      applications that require this key.
        !           309: 
        !           310: Context
        !           311:      The context refers to the screen location of the cursor when
        !           312:      a command is initiated.  When you include a context entry in
        !           313:      a binding, the cursor must be in that context or the func-
        !           314:      tion will not be activated.  The window manager recognizes
        !           315:      the following four contexts: icon, window, root, (null).
        !           316: 
        !           317:      The root context refers to the root, or background window, A
        !           318:      (null) context is indicated when the context field is left
        !           319:      blank, and allows a function to be invoked from any screen
        !           320:      location. Combine contexts using the bar (|) character.
        !           321: 
        !           322: Mouse Buttons
        !           323: 
        !           324: 
        !           325: 
        !           326: 
        !           327: Printed 9/15/87          27 January 1986                       5
        !           328: 
        !           329: 
        !           330: 
        !           331: 
        !           332: 
        !           333: 
        !           334: UWM(1)             UNIX Programmer's Manual               UWM(1)
        !           335: 
        !           336: 
        !           337: 
        !           338:      Any of the following mouse buttons are accepted in lower
        !           339:      case and can be abbreviated as l, m, or r, respectively:
        !           340:      left, middle, right.
        !           341: 
        !           342:      With the specific button, you must identify the action of
        !           343:      that button.  Mouse actions can be:
        !           344: 
        !           345:      down      function occurs when the specified button is
        !           346:               pressed down.
        !           347: 
        !           348:      up        function occurs when the specified button is
        !           349:               released.
        !           350: 
        !           351:      delta     indicates that the mouse must be moved the number
        !           352:               of pixels specified with the delta variable before
        !           353:               the specified function is invoked.  The mouse can
        !           354:               be moved in any direction to satisfy the delta
        !           355:               requirement.
        !           356: 
        !           357: MENU DEFINITION
        !           358:      After binding a set of function keys and a menu name to
        !           359:      f.menu, you must define the menu to be invoked, using the
        !           360:      following syntax:
        !           361: 
        !           362:          menu = " _m_e_n_u _n_a_m_e " {
        !           363:          "_i_t_e_m _n_a_m_e" : "_a_c_t_i_o_n"
        !           364:                 .
        !           365:                 .
        !           366:                 .
        !           367:          }
        !           368: 
        !           369: 
        !           370:      Enter the menu name exactly the way it is entered with the
        !           371:      f.menu function or the window manager will not recognize the
        !           372:      link.  If the menu name contains blank strings, tabs or
        !           373:      parentheses, it must be quoted here and in the f.menu func-
        !           374:      tion entry. You can enter as many menu items as your screen
        !           375:      is long.  You cannot scroll within menus.
        !           376: 
        !           377:      Any menu entry that contains quotes, special characters,
        !           378:      parentheses, tabs, or strings of blanks must be enclosed in
        !           379:      double quotes.  Follow the item name by a colon (:).
        !           380: 
        !           381: Menu Action
        !           382:      Window manager functions
        !           383:               Any function previously described.  E.g., f.move
        !           384:               or f.iconify.
        !           385: 
        !           386:      Shell commands
        !           387:               Begin with an exclamation point (!) and set to run
        !           388:               in background.  You cannot include a new line
        !           389:               character within a shell command.
        !           390: 
        !           391: 
        !           392: 
        !           393: Printed 9/15/87          27 January 1986                       6
        !           394: 
        !           395: 
        !           396: 
        !           397: 
        !           398: 
        !           399: 
        !           400: UWM(1)             UNIX Programmer's Manual               UWM(1)
        !           401: 
        !           402: 
        !           403: 
        !           404:      Text strings
        !           405:               Text strings are placed in the window server's cut
        !           406:               buffer.
        !           407: 
        !           408:               Strings with a new line character must begin with
        !           409:               an up arrow (^), which is stripped during the copy
        !           410:               operation.
        !           411: 
        !           412:               Strings without a new line must begin with the bar
        !           413:               character (|), which is stripped during the copy
        !           414:               operation.
        !           415: 
        !           416: Color Menus
        !           417:      Use the following syntax to add color to menus:
        !           418: 
        !           419:          menu = "_m_e_n_u _n_a_m_e" (_c_o_l_o_r_1:_c_o_l_o_r_2:_c_o_l_o_r_3:_c_o_l_o_r_4) {
        !           420:          "_i_t_e_m _n_a_m_e"  : (_c_o_l_o_r_5 :_c_o_l_o_r_6)  : " _a_c_t_i_o_n "
        !           421:                 .
        !           422:                 .
        !           423:                 .
        !           424:          }
        !           425: 
        !           426: 
        !           427:      color1    Foreground color of the header.
        !           428: 
        !           429:      color2    Background color of the header.
        !           430: 
        !           431:      color3    Foreground color of the highlighter, the horizon-
        !           432:               tal band of color that moves with the cursor
        !           433:               within the menu.
        !           434: 
        !           435:      color4    Background color of the highlighter.
        !           436: 
        !           437:      color5    Foreground color for the individual menu item.
        !           438: 
        !           439:      color6    Background color for the individual menu item.
        !           440: 
        !           441: Color Defaults
        !           442:      Colors default to the colors of the root window under any of
        !           443:      the following conditions:
        !           444: 
        !           445:      1)  If you run out of color map entries, either before or
        !           446:      during an invocation of _u_w_m.
        !           447: 
        !           448:      2)  If you specify a foreground or background color that
        !           449:      does not exist in the RGB color database (/_u_s_r/_l_i_b/_r_g_b._t_x_t)
        !           450:      both the foreground and background colors default to the
        !           451:      root window colors.
        !           452: 
        !           453:      3)  If you omit a foreground or background color, both the
        !           454:      foreground and background colors default to the root window
        !           455:      colors.
        !           456: 
        !           457: 
        !           458: 
        !           459: Printed 9/15/87          27 January 1986                       7
        !           460: 
        !           461: 
        !           462: 
        !           463: 
        !           464: 
        !           465: 
        !           466: UWM(1)             UNIX Programmer's Manual               UWM(1)
        !           467: 
        !           468: 
        !           469: 
        !           470:      4)  If the total number of colors specified in the startup
        !           471:      file exceeds the number specified in the _m_a_x_c_o_l_o_r_s variable.
        !           472: 
        !           473:      5)  If you specify no colors in the startup file.
        !           474: 
        !           475: EXAMPLES
        !           476:      The following sample startup file shows the default window
        !           477:      manager options:
        !           478: 
        !           479:          # Global variables
        !           480:          #
        !           481:          resetbindings;resetvariables;resetmenus
        !           482:          autoselect
        !           483:          delta=25
        !           484:          freeze
        !           485:          grid
        !           486:          hiconpad=5
        !           487:          hmenupad=6
        !           488:          iconfont=oldeng
        !           489:          menufont=timrom12b
        !           490:          resizefont=9x15
        !           491:          viconpad=5
        !           492:          vmenupad=3
        !           493:          volume=7
        !           494:          #
        !           495:          # Mouse button/key maps
        !           496:          #
        !           497:          # FUNCTION    KEYS  CONTEXT  BUTTON    MENU(if any)
        !           498:          # ========    ====  =======  ======    ============
        !           499:          f.menu =      meta  :     :left down   :"WINDOW OPS"
        !           500:          f.menu =      meta  :     :middle down :"EXTENDED WINDOW OPS"
        !           501:          f.move =      meta  :w|i  :right down
        !           502:          f.circleup =  meta  :root :right down
        !           503:          #
        !           504:          # Menu specifications
        !           505:          #
        !           506:          menu = "WINDOW OPS" {
        !           507:          "(De)Iconify": f.iconify
        !           508:          Move:          f.move
        !           509:          Resize:        f.resize
        !           510:          Lower:         f.lower
        !           511:          Raise:         f.raise
        !           512:          }
        !           513: 
        !           514:          menu = "EXTENDED WINDOW OPS" {
        !           515:          Create Window:           !"xterm &"
        !           516:          Iconify at New Position: f.lowericonify
        !           517:          Focus Keyboard on Window:     f.focus
        !           518:          Freeze All Windows:      f.pause
        !           519:          Unfreeze All Windows:         f.continue
        !           520:          Circulate Windows Up:         f.circleup
        !           521:          Circulate Windows Down:       f.circledown
        !           522: 
        !           523: 
        !           524: 
        !           525: Printed 9/15/87          27 January 1986                       8
        !           526: 
        !           527: 
        !           528: 
        !           529: 
        !           530: 
        !           531: 
        !           532: UWM(1)             UNIX Programmer's Manual               UWM(1)
        !           533: 
        !           534: 
        !           535: 
        !           536:          }
        !           537: 
        !           538: 
        !           539: RESTRICTIONS
        !           540:      The color specifications have no effect on a monochrome sys-
        !           541:      tem.
        !           542: 
        !           543: FILES
        !           544:       /usr/lib/rgb.txt
        !           545:       /usr/new/lib/X/font
        !           546:       /usr/skel/.uwmrc
        !           547:       /usr/new/lib/X/uwm/system.uwmrc
        !           548:       $HOME/.uwmrc
        !           549: 
        !           550: SEE ALSO
        !           551:      X(1), X(8C)
        !           552: 
        !           553: AUTHOR
        !           554:                         COPYRIGHT 1985, 1986
        !           555:                    DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION
        !           556:                        MAYNARD, MASSACHUSETTS
        !           557:      ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
        !           558: 
        !           559:      THE INFORMATION IN THIS SOFTWARE IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
        !           560:      WITHOUT NOTICE AND SHOULD NOT BE CONSTRUED AS A COMMITMENT
        !           561:      BY DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION. DIGITAL MAKES NO
        !           562:      REPRESENTATIONS ABOUT THE SUITIBILITY OF THIS SOFTWARE FOR
        !           563:      ANY PURPOSE.  IT IS SUPPLIED "AS IS" WITHOUT EXPRESS OR
        !           564:      IMPLIED WARRANTY.
        !           565: 
        !           566:      IF THE SOFTWARE IS MODIFIED IN A MANNER CREATING DERIVATIVE
        !           567:      COPYRIGHT RIGHTS, APPROPRIATE LEGENDS MAY BE PLACED ON THE
        !           568:      DERIVATIVE WORK IN ADDITION TO THAT SET FORTH ABOVE.
        !           569: 
        !           570:      Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
        !           571:      software and its documentation for any purpose and without
        !           572:      fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright
        !           573:      notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright
        !           574:      notice and this permission notice appear in supporting docu-
        !           575:      mentation, and that the name of Digital Equipment Corpora-
        !           576:      tion not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
        !           577:      distribution of the software without specific, written prior
        !           578:      permission.
        !           579: 
        !           580:      M. Gancarz, DEC Ultrix Engineering Group, Merrimack, New
        !           581:      Hampshire, using some algorithms originally by Bob
        !           582:      Scheifler, MIT Laboratory for Computer Science
        !           583: 
        !           584: 
        !           585: 
        !           586: 
        !           587: 
        !           588: 
        !           589: 
        !           590: 
        !           591: Printed 9/15/87          27 January 1986                       9
        !           592: 
        !           593: 
        !           594: 

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