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4: XWM(1) UNIX Programmer's Manual XWM(1)
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8: NAME
9: xwm - X Window System, window manager process
10:
11: SYNOPSIS
12: xwm [ -cfgmrsz ] [ +_f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n ] [ @_d_e_l_t_a ] [ fn=_f_o_n_t ] [
13: fi=_f_o_n_t ] [ _h_o_s_t:_d_i_s_p_l_a_y ]
14:
15: DESCRIPTION
16: The window manager allows you to use the mouse to push a
17: window to the top or bottom of the stack, turn a window
18: into an icon, resize a window, move a window elsewhere
19: on the screen, attach the keyboard to a window (hierarchy)
20: and circulate the window hierarchy. The window manager
21: only manipulates top-level windows (i.e., direct decendents
22: of the root window), not their subwindows, so in the
23: following, references to window refer only to top-level win-
24: dows.
25:
26: Since _x_w_m does not have a window of its own it
27: steals certain button/key combinations and interprets them
28: as operations on existing windows. The key combination
29: is specified on the command line with some subset of the
30: options: `c' (control), `s' (shift), `m' (meta) and `n'
31: (no-key). For example, if you specify the options -cm then
32: the Control and Meta keys must be down at the time a mouse
33: button is depressed. If no combination is specified in
34: the command line, Meta is the default. If `n' is specified
35: anywhere in the option list all keys will be ignored.
36:
37: For each mouse button, a different command is performed
38: depending on whether the button is `clicked' or `moved',
39: i.e., whether the mouse is moved between the press and
40: release of the button. Some actual movement is allowed
41: before the mouse is really considered to have moved,
42: the amount of movement is settable (see below). The
43: mouse buttons perform the commands described below. For
44: any of these commands, if you press a button to start a
45: command, and then want to abort the command, simply press
46: one of the other buttons before releasing the first
47: button. As each command is being performed the mouse
48: cursor will be changed to indicate which command is in
49: effect.
50:
51: If the left button is clicked in a window it will `push'
52: the window you are pointing at to the bottom of any stack of
53: overlapping windows. If clicked on the root window a
54: `circulate down' operation will be performed on the root
55: window moving the top most window in the hierarchy to
56: the bottom. For any of these operations the mouse cursor
57: will be a `dot'.
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74: The left button will also `iconify' the window you point at
75: if it is pressed down and then moved. When you release
76: the button, the window will be made into an icon at the
77: current mouse location. If the window being iconified
78: has its own icon, then that icon will be used. If not _x_w_m
79: will create and maintain its own text icon using the
80: name of the window as the initial text. For any of
81: these operations the mouse cursor will be an `icon' cursor.
82:
83: The name displayed in an _x_w_m owned text icon can be edited
84: at any time by placing the mouse cursor in the
85: icon and typing. Note: Modifying text displayed in an icon
86: window will modify the name of the window associated with
87: that icon. The delete key deletes the last character,
88: Control-U deletes the entire name, any other printing
89: characters are appended to the current name. When the mouse
90: cursor in an _x_w_m text icon it will be a `text' cursor (`I
91: bar' cursor).
92:
93: If you click the middle button on an icon, the window you
94: iconified will reappear in its previous position on the
95: screen and the icon will disappear. For this operation
96: the mouse cursor will be an `arrow cross' cursor.
97:
98: The middle button is used to resize a window by moving a
99: corner or an edge. If you press it on a window, a rubber
100: banded outline of the window will be displayed (and a
101: grid if you specify the `g' option explained below) and mov-
102: ing the mouse will change its size, leaving the opposite
103: corner or other edges fixed. The corner or edge to be
104: moved depends on the where the mouse is when the button is
105: pressed. Imagine the window divided with grid of nine rec-
106: tangles (the same grid that the `g' option displays). If
107: the mouse is in one of the four corner rectangles or
108: the center rectangle, then the corner closest to the mouse
109: will be moved; otherwise, the closest edge will be moved.
110: When the button is released, the window will be
111: resized. For these operations the mouse cursor will be an
112: `arrow cross' cursor.
113:
114: The middle button can also be used to focus keyboard
115: input to a specific window i.e., keyboard input will go to
116: the specified window (hierarchy) even when the mouse
117: is outside the window. If the 'f' option is specified
118: clicking the middle button twice on a window will attach
119: the keyboard to that window. Clicking the middle button on
120: the background will detach the keyboard from any window
121: (actually, it attaches it to the background window). For
122: this operation the mouse cursor will be an 'arrow cross'
123: cursor.
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140: The right button, if clicked in a window, will `pull' the
141: window you are pointing at to the top of any stack of
142: overlapping windows. If clicked on the root window a
143: `circulate up' operation will be performed moving the
144: bottom most window in the hierarchy to the top. For these
145: operations the mouse cursor will be a `circle' cursor.
146:
147: The right button will also move the window you are pointing
148: at if it is pressed down and then moved. An outline of
149: the window (and a grid if you specified the 'g' option) will
150: appear, and will move with the mouse cursor. When you
151: release the right button, the window will be moved to the
152: current location of the outline. For this operation the
153: mouse cursor will be a 'circle' cursor.
154:
155: OPTION SUMMARY:
156: c The `c' (control) option specifies that the Control
157: key must be held down for _x_w_m to listen to mouse
158: button operations.
159:
160: f The `f' (focus) option specifies that a double-click
161: on the middle button will focus keyboard input
162: events to the specified window.
163:
164: g The (grid) option turns on a tick-tack-toe
165: like grid that will be displayed inside the `win-
166: dow box' during window movement and resize opera-
167: tions.
168:
169: m The `m' (meta) option specifies that the Meta key
170: must be held down for _x_w_m to listen to mouse button
171: operations.
172:
173: n The `n' (no-key) option specifies no keys may be
174: down when performing mouse button operation.
175:
176: r The `r' (reverse) option indicates that icons should
177: be displayed as white text on a black back-
178: ground, rather than black text on a white back-
179: ground.
180:
181: s The `s' (shift) options indicates that the Shift key
182: must be held down for _x_w_m to listen to mouse button
183: operations.
184:
185: z The `z' (zap) option turns on a special `zap' effect
186: that is intended to draw your attention to icons
187: as they are created and windows as they are moved.
188:
189: ARGUMENT SUMMARY:
190: +_f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n
191: This argument allows you to specify a cursor
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202: XWM(1) UNIX Programmer's Manual XWM(1)
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206: display function. It should be followed by an
207: integer specifying the code of the display function.
208: See the Xlib document for details of available
209: functions. The default function is GXcopy.
210:
211: @_d_e_l_t_a This argument allows you to specify a mouse _d_e_l_t_a
212: value. This value determines how far the mouse must
213: move with a button down before the iconify, move
214: and change operations begin. The default is 5 pix-
215: els. Note that if you define a large delta, you
216: can still make fine adjustments by first moving
217: far away and then moving back.
218:
219: fn=_f_o_n_t This argument allow you to specify a text _f_o_n_t
220: to be used in pop up information display. The
221: default font is 6x10.
222:
223: fi=_f_o_n_t This argument allow you to specify an icon text
224: font. The default font is 6x10.
225:
226: _h_o_s_t:_d_i_s_p_l_a_y
227: This argument allow you to specify the the host and
228: display number on which _x_w_m will operate. For
229: example `xwm orpheus:1' would start up the window
230: manager on display one on the machine orpheus. By
231: default, _x_w_m uses the host and display number
232: stored in the environment variable DISPLAY, and
233: therefore this argument is not normally specified.
234: The window manager can be running anywhere, and you
235: can run more than one manager per display (provided
236: that they do not attempt to use the same mouse but-
237: ton / key combinations, see below).
238:
239: X DEFAULTS
240: BodyFont
241: Set the default font for information display.
242:
243: IconFont
244: Set the default font for text icons.
245:
246: InternalBorder
247: Set the space between the text and window border in
248: text icons.
249:
250: BorderWidth
251: Set the border width of text icons.
252:
253: ReverseVideo
254: Display text icons in reverse video?
255:
256: ENVIRONMENT
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268: XWM(1) UNIX Programmer's Manual XWM(1)
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272: DISPLAY To get default host and display number.
273:
274: SEE ALSO
275: X(1), X(8C)
276:
277: AUTHOR
278: Copyright 1985, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
279:
280: Tony Della Fera, DEC MIT Project Athena
281:
282: Based upon previous `xwm' by Bob Scheifler, MIT Laboratory
283: for Computer Science
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