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Annotation of 43BSDTahoe/new/help/src/vi_practice, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: #
        !             2: cat << '%'
        !             3: ##nroff
        !             4: .TI VI_PRACTICE
        !             5: Practice Session with the Visual Editor "vi"
        !             6: .ds CF         \" prevents shell from stumbling on the final page number
        !             7: .sp
        !             8: This will initiate a practice session with the "vi" editor.
        !             9: You will be placed in the editor with a file containing instructions
        !            10: on how to proceed.
        !            11: .sp
        !            12: ##
        !            13: '%'
        !            14: cat > /tmp/hvi$$ << '%'
        !            15: ---------------------------------------------------------------
        !            16: If you get into trouble: to exit from vi press ESC and type ZZ
        !            17: ---------------------------------------------------------------
        !            18: 
        !            19: First of all, we will practice moving around the screen.
        !            20: Press the RETURN key to move down a line at a time.
        !            21: Keep hitting RETURN until you arrive at the big X below.
        !            22: Then use the arrow keys for directional movements.
        !            23: 
        !            24:                 ______  Start at the x below and move right.
        !            25:                 |
        !            26:                 V
        !            27: 
        !            28:                 X-----------------------x <-- You should be here.
        !            29:                                         |       Now go down.
        !            30:                                         |
        !            31:                                         |
        !            32:                                         |
        !            33:                                         |
        !            34:    This is the end. --> x               |
        !            35: Now use CTRL-d to       |               |
        !            36: scroll downwards.       |               |
        !            37:                         |               |
        !            38:                         |               |
        !            39:                         |               |
        !            40:                         |               |
        !            41:                         |               |
        !            42: You should be here. --> x---------------x <-- You should be here.
        !            43:   Now go up.                                    Now move left.
        !            44: 
        !            45: Scrolling goes a few lines at a time.
        !            46: If you want to scroll upwards, you could try the CTRL-u command.
        !            47: CTRL-d goes down, whereas CTRL-u goes up.
        !            48: 
        !            49: Continue with CTRL-d until you're located around here.
        !            50: 
        !            51: To move a forward a word at a time, just type the letter w -- it
        !            52: will not appear on the screen, but the cursor will jump to the
        !            53: next word.  To go back a word at a time, try the b command.  There
        !            54: is also the e command, which goes to the end of the current word.
        !            55: Try moving around this paragraph with these three commands.
        !            56: 
        !            57: This is a block of text that is pretty boring.  Nonetheless,
        !            58: there is an interesting word further down.  That word is Garbage.
        !            59: Do a pattern search for this word.  To do this, type a slash (/),
        !            60: then type the letters g a r b a g e (without spaces), and a RETURN.
        !            61: Bla bla bla bla bla bla bla.  Bla bla bla bla.  Bla bla bla bla
        !            62: bla bla bla bla bla.  Bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla bla.
        !            63: Bla bla bla bla bla bla bla.
        !            64: 
        !            65: I've had enough of this garbage.  <-- You should be on this line.
        !            66: 
        !            67: Now do another search for the same word.
        !            68: To do this, type an "n", which will not appear on the screen.
        !            69: You will be placed at the next instance of the word.
        !            70: 
        !            71: Another instance of the pattern "garbage".  <-- Here it is.
        !            72: 
        !            73: Now continue onwards by pressing RETURN a few times.
        !            74: 
        !            75: ---------------------------------------------------------------
        !            76: If you get into trouble: to exit from vi press ESC and type ZZ
        !            77: ---------------------------------------------------------------
        !            78: 
        !            79: Now that we've learned to move the cursor around the screen,
        !            80: let's try several commands for changing the text.  The first is
        !            81: the "a" command, which appends text-- everything you type will
        !            82: be entered into your file, until you issue an ESC (this is a
        !            83: button on the upper left corner of the keyboard).  Move down to
        !            84: the line below the arrow, and add some text.  Don't forget to
        !            85: end text input by pressing the ESC key.  After you're done,
        !            86: move on to the lines below.
        !            87: 
        !            88: |
        !            89: |
        !            90: V
        !            91: 
        !            92: 
        !            93: Good.  Remember, if you get into a weird state by pressing some
        !            94: key you don't know about, you can always get out of the editor
        !            95: and back to the shell by pressing ESC and typing ZZ (capital Z
        !            96: two times in a row).  These characters will not appear on the
        !            97: screen, but they will get you out of vi.
        !            98: 
        !            99: Now let's practice deleting characters with the x command.  The
        !           100: lines below from Shakespeare have several extraneous characters;
        !           101: delete them by moving to the extraneous character, and typing x,
        !           102: as if you wanted to "x" them out on a typewriter.
        !           103: 
        !           104: Let me Nnot to the marBriage of trEue minds     <---
        !           105: admitV impediRAments.
        !           106: 
        !           107: Good.  Now try deleting a line with the dd command.  Move down
        !           108: to the line below, and type d twice in a row.  The d's will not
        !           109: appear on the screen, but the line will disappear.
        !           110: 
        !           111: THiS liNe iS UggLy AnD wAnTs tO bE dELeTeD.     <---
        !           112: 
        !           113: Say you wanted to add a new line between two other lines.  In
        !           114: the famous quote below, the fourth line is missing.  Just in case
        !           115: you're not a John Donne fan, the fourth line is:
        !           116: 
        !           117:     And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls,
        !           118: 
        !           119: To open up a new line, move the cursor above where the new line
        !           120: should go, type an o, which will move you onto the next line,
        !           121: and then enter the text, ending with ESC (as with the a command).
        !           122: 
        !           123: No man is an island entire of itself;
        !           124: Every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main.
        !           125: Any man's death dimishes me, because I am involved in mankind.
        !           126: it tolls for thee.
        !           127: 
        !           128: With these four commands, a x dd and o, you can do anything you
        !           129: want.  However, learning additional commands will make things
        !           130: easier in the long run.  For instance, to split the following
        !           131: line in half, you could go to the comma, type: a RETURN ESC, but
        !           132: it would be easier to go to the space after the comma and type
        !           133: r RETURN.  The r command replaces whatever is beneath the cursor
        !           134: with whatever you type next.
        !           135: 
        !           136: This is an extremely long line, and needs to be split after the comma.
        !           137: 
        !           138: To join lines together again, go to the first line of the two
        !           139: you wish to join, and issue the J command.  (It must be a capital
        !           140: J, because a small j is reserved for down arrow.)
        !           141: 
        !           142: Two short lines
        !           143: look better as one.
        !           144: 
        !           145: ---------------------------------------------------------------
        !           146: If you get into trouble: to exit from vi press ESC and type ZZ
        !           147: ---------------------------------------------------------------
        !           148: 
        !           149: One of the nicest features of vi is that it makes it possible to
        !           150: combine movements and changes.  If you want to delete a single word,
        !           151: for instance, you could move to the word and type x over and over
        !           152: until the word is gone.  But it's easier to type dw -- which means
        !           153: delete word.  Try this on the extra word in Shelley's line below:
        !           154: 
        !           155: I met a traveller traveller from an antique land
        !           156: 
        !           157: If you want to change a word, rather than deleting it, you could
        !           158: type cw instead of dw -- cw stands for change word.  A dollar sign
        !           159: will appear at the end of the word, and whatever you type, until
        !           160: you press ESC, will replace the original word.  Replace the word
        !           161: "enormous" with Shelley's original word, "vast":
        !           162: 
        !           163: Who said: Two enormous and trunkless legs of stone
        !           164: 
        !           165: Many commands take arguments indicating their scope.  It would be
        !           166: painful to delete many lines unless this were the case.  Delete
        !           167: the three lines below by using the 3dd command, meaning, perform
        !           168: the dd command three times:
        !           169: 
        !           170: THiS liNe iS UggLy AnD wAnTs tO bE dELeTeD.             <---
        !           171: THiS liNe iS aLSo UggLy AnD wAnTs tO bE dELeTeD.        <---
        !           172: THiS liNe, tOo, iS UggLy AnD wAnTs tO bE dELeTeD.       <---
        !           173: 
        !           174: Good.  Now you're really blasting away those lines.  Don't forget
        !           175: that the u command always undoes the last change.  Try typing u
        !           176: now, and see those 3 lines come back.  Try u once more, and see
        !           177: them disappear again.  Undo is its own inverse.
        !           178: 
        !           179: Oftentimes people who type quickly transpose characters.  To fix
        !           180: this problem, move to the first character of the transposed pair,
        !           181: and issue an xp command -- this stands for x out and put.  Mend
        !           182: the word below, whose second and third characters are skewed:
        !           183: 
        !           184:         hpyerventilate
        !           185: 
        !           186: That's it for this session.  If you want to write your changes,
        !           187: leave the editor with the ZZ command.  If you want to leave your
        !           188: text the way it was before, type :q! to quit without writing. 
        !           189: '%'
        !           190: echo -n "Do you want to continue?  "
        !           191: if ($< !~ y*) then
        !           192:        echo "OK"
        !           193: else
        !           194:        vi /tmp/hvi$$
        !           195: endif
        !           196: rm -f /tmp/hvi$$

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