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11: ..
12: .TH VNEWS 1 "September 19, 1986"
13: .ds ]W Version B 2.11
14: .SH NAME
15: vnews \- read news articles
16: .SH SYNOPSIS
17: .BR vnews " [ " \-a
18: .IR date " ] [ "
19: .B \-n
20: .IR newsgroups " ] [ "
21: .B \-t
22: .IR titles " ] [ "
23: .BR \-rxuc " ] "
24: .PP
25: .B "vnews \-s"
26: .PP
27: .B "vnews \-K"
28: .SH DESCRIPTION
29: .I Vnews
30: is a program for reading USENET news. It is based
31: on
32: .IR readnews (1)
33: but has a CRT oriented interface.
34: The list of available commands is quite
35: similar, although since
36: .I vnews
37: is a \*(Lqvisual\*(Rq
38: interface, most
39: .I vnews
40: commands do not have to be terminated
41: by a newline.
42: .LP
43: .I Vnews
44: uses all but the last two lines of the screen to display
45: the current article. The next-to-last line is the secondary prompt line,
46: and is used to input string arguments to commands. The last line
47: contains several fields. The first field is the prompt
48: field. If
49: .I vnews
50: is at the end of an article, the prompt is
51: \&\*(Lqnext?\*(Rq; otherwise the prompt is \*(Lqmore?\*(Rq. The second field
52: is the newsgroup field, which displays the current newsgroup,
53: the number of the current article, and the number of
54: the last article in the newsgroup. The third field contains
55: the current time, and the last field contains the word
56: \&\*(Lqmail\*(Rq if you have mail. When you receive new mail, the bell
57: on the terminal is rung and the word \*(LqMAIL\*(Rq appears in capital
58: letters for 30 seconds.
59: .PP
60: .I Vnews
61: without any arguments prints unread articles.
62: .PP
63: The following flags determine the selection of articles.
64: .TP 10
65: .BI "\-a " "\fR[\fP date \fR]\fP"
66: Select articles posted after the given
67: .I date
68: (in
69: .IR getdate (3)
70: format).
71: .TP 10
72: .BI "\-n " newsgroups
73: Select articles belonging to
74: .I newsgroups.
75: .TP 10
76: .BI "\-t " titles
77: Select articles whose titles contain one of the strings specified by
78: .I titles.
79: .TP 10
80: .B \-r
81: Print the articles in reverse order.
82: .TP 10
83: .B \-x
84: Ignore
85: .I .newsrc
86: file. That is, select articles that have already been read as well as new ones.
87: .TP 10
88: .B \-u
89: Update the
90: .I .newsrc
91: file every 5 minutes, as in the case of an unreliable system.
92: (Note that if the
93: .I .newsrc
94: file is updated, the
95: .B x
96: command will not restore it to its original contents.)
97: .PP
98: If the
99: .B \-c
100: flag is specified,
101: .I vnews
102: will print the first
103: page of the article, instead of just the header.
104: .PP
105: You can use the
106: .B \-s
107: flag to print the newsgroup subscription list.
108: .PP
109: If you haven't read news in a while (or if you have never read news!)
110: you can do
111: .I "vnews \-K"
112: to Kill (mark as read) all of the articles in the groups to which
113: you are subscribed.
114: .PP
115: .I Vnews
116: maintains a
117: .I .newsrc
118: file in the your home directory that specifies all news articles
119: already read. It is updated at the end of each reading session
120: unless the
121: .BR \-x
122: option was specified.
123: If the environment variable
124: .B NEWSRC
125: is present, it should be the path
126: name of a file to be used in place of
127: .IR .newsrc \&.
128: .PP
129: If you wish, an options line may be placed in your
130: .I .newsrc
131: file.
132: This line starts with the word
133: .B options
134: (left justified) followed by the list of standard options just as
135: they would be typed on the command line. Such a list may include:
136: the
137: .B \-n
138: flag along with a newsgroup list and/or
139: the
140: .B \-r
141: or
142: .B \-t
143: flag.
144: Continuation lines begin with a space or tab character.
145: .SH ENVIRONMENT
146: Options can be specified in the
147: .B NEWSOPTS
148: environment parameter. Where conflicts exist, options on the command
149: line take precedence, followed by the
150: .I .newsrc
151: .B options
152: line, and lastly the
153: .B NEWSOPTS
154: parameter.
155: .PP
156: When the user uses the direct reply command,
157: the environment parameter
158: .B MAILER
159: will be used to determine which mailer to use. The default is usually
160: .IR /bin/mail .
161: .PP
162: If
163: .B EDITOR
164: is set, it will be used in place of the default editor on your system to
165: edit replies and follow-ups.
166: .PP
167: If
168: .B NAME
169: is set, it will be used as your full name when posting news or
170: submitting a follow-up. If it is not set, the name will be taken
171: from the file
172: .I .name
173: in your home directory. If this file is not present, the name will
174: be taken from
175: .IR /etc/passwd .
176: .PP
177: If
178: .B NEWSARCHIVE
179: is set, a copy of any articles you post or follow-up to, will be saved
180: in the specified file. If it is the null string, they will be
181: copied in
182: .I author_copy
183: in your home directory.
184: .PP
185: If
186: .B NEWSBOX
187: is set, the filename you specify when you save or write a file
188: will be prepended with
189: .B NEWSBOX
190: unless the filename is an absolute pathname.
191: .PP
192: If
193: .B NEWSRC
194: is set, it will be used in place of the
195: .I .newsrc
196: file in your home directory.
197: .PP
198: If
199: .B ORGANIZATION
200: is set, it will be used as the name of your organization whenever you
201: post an article. The default is compiled in and is usually correct.
202: Typically, you would only use this if you were reading news at a
203: site other than normal. (Or if you are trying to be cute.)
204: .SH "COMMANDS"
205: .PP
206: Each
207: .I vnews
208: command may be preceded by a count. Some
209: commands use the count; others ignore it. If count is omitted,
210: it defaults to one. Some commands prompt for an argument
211: on the second line from the bottom of the screen. Standard UNIX erase
212: and kill processing is done on this argument. The argument is
213: terminated by a return. An interrupt
214: (\s-2DEL\s0 or \s-2BREAK\s0) gets you out of any partially entered command.
215: .sp
216: In the following table, ^B is used as a shorthand for Control-B.
217: .sp
218: .ta 2.5i
219: Command Meaning
220: .IP \fB\s-2CR\s0\fP
221: A carriage return prints more of the current article,
222: or goes on to the next article if you are at the end of
223: the current article. A \fB\s-2SPACE\s0\fP is equivalent to \fB\s-2CR\s0\fP.
224: .IP \fB^B\fP
225: Go backwards
226: .I count
227: pages.
228: .IP \fB^F\fP
229: Go forward
230: .I count
231: pages.
232: .IP \fB^D\fP
233: Go forwards half a page.
234: .IP \fB^U\fP
235: Go backwards half a page.
236: .IP \fB^Z\fP
237: Go forwards
238: .I count
239: lines.
240: .IP \fB^E\fP
241: Go backwards
242: .I count
243: lines.
244: .IP \fB^L\fP
245: Redraw the screen. \fB^L\fP may be typed at any time.
246: .IP \fBb\fP
247: Back up one article in the current group.
248: .IP \fBc\fP
249: Cancel the article. Only the author of the article or the super user
250: can do this.
251: .IP \fBe\fP
252: Erase. Forget that this article was read.
253: .IP \fBf\fP
254: Submit a follow-up article.
255: You will be placed in your
256: .B EDITOR
257: to compose the text of the follow-up.
258: .IP \fBh\fP
259: Go back to the top of the article and display only the
260: header.
261: .IP \fBl\fP
262: Redisplay the article after you have sent a follow-up or reply.
263: .IP \fBm\fP
264: Move on to the next item in a digest.
265: .IP \fBn\fP
266: No. Go on to the next article without printing current one.
267: .B \&.
268: is equivalent to
269: .BR n .
270: This is convenient if your terminal
271: has a keypad.
272: .IP \fBp\fP
273: Show the parent article (the article that the
274: current article is a follow-up to). This doesn't work
275: if the current article was posted by A-news or notesfiles. To
276: switch between the current and parent articles, use the
277: .B \-
278: command. Unfortunately, if you use several
279: .B p
280: commands
281: to trace the discussion back further, there is no command to return
282: to the original level.
283: .IP \fBq\fP
284: Quit. The
285: .I .newsrc
286: file will be updated unless
287: .B \-x
288: was on the command line.
289: .IP \fBr\fP
290: Reply. Reply to article's author via mail.
291: You are placed in your
292: .B EDITOR
293: with a header specifying
294: \&\*(LqTo\*(Rq, \*(LqSubject\*(Rq, and \*(LqReferences\*(Rq
295: lines taken from the message.
296: You may change or add headers, as appropriate.
297: Add the text of the reply after the blank line, and then exit
298: the editor. The resulting message is mailed to the author of the article.
299: .IP \fBR\fP
300: This is the same as \fBr\fP except the body of the article is included
301: in your mail message for you.
302: .IP \fBESC-r\fP
303: Reply directly. You are placed in your
304: .B MAILER
305: as if you had run it specifying
306: the author of the article as the recipient of a letter.
307: .IP "\fBs\fP [\fIfile\fP]"
308: Save. The article is appended to the named file.
309: The default is
310: .IR Articles .
311: If the first character of the file name is
312: .Ch | ,
313: the rest of the file name is taken as the name of a program,
314: which is executed with the text of the article as standard input.
315: If the first character of the file name is
316: .Ch / ,
317: it is
318: taken as the full pathname of a file.
319: If
320: .B NEWSBOX
321: (in the environment) is set to a full pathname,
322: and the file contains no
323: .Ch / ,
324: the file is saved in
325: .BR NEWSBOX .
326: Otherwise, it is saved relative to
327: .BR HOME .
328: .IP \fBug\fP
329: Unsubscribe to the current group. This is a two character
330: command to ensure that it is not typed accidentally
331: and to leave room for other types of unsubscribes (e.g.
332: unsubscribe to discussion).
333: .IP \fBv\fP
334: Print the current version of the news software.
335: .IP \fBw\fP
336: Write. Like save
337: .BR s ,
338: except that the headers are not written out.
339: .IP \fBx\fP
340: Exit. Like quit except that
341: .I .newsrc
342: is not updated.
343: .IP \fBy\fP
344: Yes. Print the current article and go to the next.
345: .IP [\fIn\fP]\fBA\fP
346: Go to article number \fIn\fP in the current newsgroup.
347: .IP \fBD\fP
348: Decrypts a joke. It only handles rot 13 jokes. The
349: .B D
350: command is a toggle; typing another
351: .B D
352: re-encrypts the
353: joke.
354: .IP \fBH\fP
355: Print a very verbose header, containing all known information
356: about the article.
357: .IP \fBK\fP
358: Kill (mark as read) the rest of the articles in the current group.
359: This is useful if you can't keep up with the volume in the newsgroup,
360: but don't want to unsubscribe.
361: .IP "\fBN\fP [\fInewsgroup\fP]"
362: Go to the next newsgroup or named newsgroup.
363: .IP [\fIn\fP]\fB+\fP
364: Skip
365: .I n
366: articles.
367: The articles skipped are recorded as ``unread'' and will be
368: offered to you again the next time you read news.
369: .IP \fB\-\fP
370: Go back to last article.
371: This is a toggle; typing it twice returns you to the original article.
372: .IP \fB<\fP
373: Prompt for an article ID or the rest of a message ID.
374: It will display the article if it exists.
375: .IP \fB#\fP
376: Report the name and size of the newsgroup.
377: .IP \fB?\fP
378: Print a short help message.
379: .IP \fB!\fP
380: Passes the rest of the command line to the shell. The
381: environment variable
382: .B A
383: is set to the name of the file
384: containing the current article. If the last character
385: of the command is a
386: .BR & ,
387: then the
388: .B &
389: is deleted and
390: the command is run in the background with stdin, stdout
391: and stderr redirected to
392: .IR /dev/null .
393: If the command is
394: missing, the shell is invoked. Use the
395: .B l
396: command (or
397: essentially any other command) to turn on the display
398: after the program terminates.
399: .SH EXAMPLES
400: .TP 10
401: .B vnews
402: Read all unread articles using the
403: .IR visual
404: interface. The
405: .I .newsrc
406: file is updated at the end of the session.
407: .TP 10
408: .B vnews \-n all !mod \-r
409: Read all unread articles except articles whose newsgroups begin with
410: .B mod.
411: in reverse order. The
412: .I .newsrc
413: file is updated at the end of the session.
414: .TP 10
415: .B "vnews \-n all \-a last thursday"
416: Print every unread article since last Thursday. The
417: .I .newsrc
418: file is
419: updated at the end of the session.
420: .TP 10
421: .B "vnews \-K"
422: Discard all unread news.
423: This is useful after returning from a long trip.
424: .SH FILES
425: .PD 0
426: .TP 40
427: .RI /usr/spool/news/ newsgroup / number
428: News articles
429: .TP 40
430: /usr/lib/news/active
431: Active newsgroups
432: .TP 40
433: /usr/lib/news/vnews.help
434: Help file for
435: .IR visual
436: interface
437: .TP 40
438: ~/.newsrc
439: Options and list of previously read articles
440: .PD
441: .SH SEE ALSO
442: checknews(1),
443: inews(8),
444: postnews(1),
445: readnews(1),
446: vnews(1),
447: getdate(3),
448: news(5),
449: newsrc(5),
450: expire(8),
451: recnews(8),
452: sendnews(8),
453: uurec(8)
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