Annotation of GNUtools/cc/cp-gc.c, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: /* Garbage collection primitives for GNU C++.
        !             2:    Copyright (C) 1992, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
        !             3:    Contributed by Michael Tiemann ([email protected])
        !             4: 
        !             5: This file is part of GNU CC.
        !             6: 
        !             7: GNU CC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
        !             8: it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
        !             9: the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
        !            10: any later version.
        !            11: 
        !            12: GNU CC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
        !            13: but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
        !            14: MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
        !            15: GNU General Public License for more details.
        !            16: 
        !            17: You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
        !            18: along with GNU CC; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
        !            19: the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.  */
        !            20: 
        !            21: 
        !            22: #include "config.h"
        !            23: #include "tree.h"
        !            24: #include "cp-tree.h"
        !            25: #include "flags.h"
        !            26: 
        !            27: #undef NULL
        !            28: #define NULL 0
        !            29: 
        !            30: extern tree define_function ();
        !            31: extern tree build_t_desc_overload ();
        !            32: 
        !            33: /* This is the function decl for the (pseudo-builtin) __gc_protect
        !            34:    function.  Args are (class *value, int index); Returns value.  */
        !            35: tree gc_protect_fndecl;
        !            36: 
        !            37: /* This is the function decl for the (pseudo-builtin) __gc_unprotect
        !            38:    function.  Args are (int index); void return.  */
        !            39: tree gc_unprotect_fndecl;
        !            40: 
        !            41: /* This is the function decl for the (pseudo-builtin) __gc_push
        !            42:    function.  Args are (int length); void return.  */
        !            43: tree gc_push_fndecl;
        !            44: 
        !            45: /* This is the function decl for the (pseudo-builtin) __gc_pop
        !            46:    function.  Args are void; void return.  */
        !            47: tree gc_pop_fndecl;
        !            48: 
        !            49: /* Special integers that are used to represent bits in gc-safe objects.  */
        !            50: tree gc_nonobject;
        !            51: tree gc_visible;
        !            52: tree gc_white;
        !            53: tree gc_offwhite;
        !            54: tree gc_grey;
        !            55: tree gc_black;
        !            56: 
        !            57: /* in c-common.c */
        !            58: extern tree combine_strings PROTO((tree));
        !            59: 
        !            60: /* Predicate that returns non-zero if TYPE needs some kind of
        !            61:    entry for the GC.  Returns zero otherwise.  */
        !            62: int
        !            63: type_needs_gc_entry (type)
        !            64:      tree type;
        !            65: {
        !            66:   tree ttype = type;
        !            67: 
        !            68:   if (! flag_gc || type == error_mark_node)
        !            69:     return 0;
        !            70: 
        !            71:   /* Aggregate types need gc entries if any of their members
        !            72:      need gc entries.  */
        !            73:   if (IS_AGGR_TYPE (type))
        !            74:     {
        !            75:       tree binfos;
        !            76:       tree fields = TYPE_FIELDS (type);
        !            77:       int i;
        !            78: 
        !            79:       /* We don't care about certain pointers.  Pointers
        !            80:         to virtual baseclasses are always up front.  We also
        !            81:         cull out virtual function table pointers because it's
        !            82:         easy, and it simplifies the logic.*/
        !            83:       while (fields
        !            84:             && (DECL_NAME (fields) == NULL_TREE
        !            85:                 || VFIELD_NAME_P (DECL_NAME (fields))
        !            86:                 || VBASE_NAME_P (DECL_NAME (fields))
        !            87:                 || !strcmp (IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_NAME (fields)), "__bits")))
        !            88:        fields = TREE_CHAIN (fields);
        !            89: 
        !            90:       while (fields)
        !            91:        {
        !            92:          if (type_needs_gc_entry (TREE_TYPE (fields)))
        !            93:            return 1;
        !            94:          fields = TREE_CHAIN (fields);
        !            95:        }
        !            96: 
        !            97:       binfos = TYPE_BINFO_BASETYPES (type);
        !            98:       if (binfos)
        !            99:        for (i = TREE_VEC_LENGTH (binfos)-1; i >= 0; i--)
        !           100:          if (type_needs_gc_entry (BINFO_TYPE (TREE_VEC_ELT (binfos, i))))
        !           101:            return 1;
        !           102: 
        !           103:       return 0;
        !           104:     }
        !           105: 
        !           106:   while (TREE_CODE (ttype) == ARRAY_TYPE
        !           107:         && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (ttype)) == ARRAY_TYPE)
        !           108:     ttype = TREE_TYPE (ttype);
        !           109:   if ((TREE_CODE (ttype) == POINTER_TYPE
        !           110:        || TREE_CODE (ttype) == ARRAY_TYPE
        !           111:        || TREE_CODE (ttype) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
        !           112:       && IS_AGGR_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (ttype))
        !           113:       && CLASSTYPE_DOSSIER (TREE_TYPE (ttype)))
        !           114:     return 1;
        !           115: 
        !           116:   return 0;
        !           117: }
        !           118: 
        !           119: /* Predicate that returns non-zero iff FROM is safe from the GC.
        !           120:    
        !           121:    If TO is nonzero, it means we know that FROM is being stored
        !           122:    in TO, which make make it safe.  */
        !           123: int
        !           124: value_safe_from_gc (to, from)
        !           125:      tree to, from;
        !           126: {
        !           127:   /* First, return non-zero for easy cases: parameters,
        !           128:      static variables.  */
        !           129:   if (TREE_CODE (from) == PARM_DECL
        !           130:       || (TREE_CODE (from) == VAR_DECL
        !           131:          && TREE_STATIC (from)))
        !           132:     return 1;
        !           133: 
        !           134:   /* If something has its address taken, it cannot be
        !           135:      in the heap, so it doesn't need to be protected.  */
        !           136:   if (TREE_CODE (from) == ADDR_EXPR || TREE_REFERENCE_EXPR (from))
        !           137:     return 1;
        !           138: 
        !           139:   /* If we are storing into a static variable, then what
        !           140:      we store will be safe from the gc.  */
        !           141:   if (to && TREE_CODE (to) == VAR_DECL
        !           142:       && TREE_STATIC (to))
        !           143:     return 1;
        !           144: 
        !           145:   /* Now recurse on structure of FROM.  */
        !           146:   switch (TREE_CODE (from))
        !           147:     {
        !           148:     case COMPONENT_REF:
        !           149:       /* These guys are special, and safe.  */
        !           150:       if (TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (from, 1)) == FIELD_DECL
        !           151:          && (VFIELD_NAME_P (DECL_NAME (TREE_OPERAND (from, 1)))
        !           152:              || VBASE_NAME_P (DECL_NAME (TREE_OPERAND (from, 1)))))
        !           153:        return 1;
        !           154:       /* fall through...  */
        !           155:     case NOP_EXPR:
        !           156:     case CONVERT_EXPR:
        !           157:     case NON_LVALUE_EXPR:
        !           158:     case WITH_CLEANUP_EXPR:
        !           159:     case SAVE_EXPR:
        !           160:     case PREDECREMENT_EXPR:
        !           161:     case PREINCREMENT_EXPR:
        !           162:     case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
        !           163:     case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
        !           164:       if (value_safe_from_gc (to, TREE_OPERAND (from, 0)))
        !           165:        return 1;
        !           166:       break;
        !           167: 
        !           168:     case VAR_DECL:
        !           169:     case PARM_DECL:
        !           170:       /* We can safely pass these things as parameters to functions.  */
        !           171:       if (to == 0)
        !           172:        return 1;
        !           173: 
        !           174:     case ARRAY_REF:
        !           175:     case INDIRECT_REF:
        !           176:     case RESULT_DECL:
        !           177:     case OFFSET_REF:
        !           178:     case CALL_EXPR:
        !           179:     case METHOD_CALL_EXPR:
        !           180:       break;
        !           181: 
        !           182:     case COMPOUND_EXPR:
        !           183:     case TARGET_EXPR:
        !           184:       if (value_safe_from_gc (to, TREE_OPERAND (from, 1)))
        !           185:        return 1;
        !           186:       break;
        !           187: 
        !           188:     case COND_EXPR:
        !           189:       if (value_safe_from_gc (to, TREE_OPERAND (from, 1))
        !           190:          && value_safe_from_gc (to, TREE_OPERAND (from, 2)))
        !           191:        return 1;
        !           192:       break;
        !           193: 
        !           194:     case PLUS_EXPR:
        !           195:     case MINUS_EXPR:
        !           196:       if ((type_needs_gc_entry (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (from, 0)))
        !           197:           || value_safe_from_gc (to, TREE_OPERAND (from, 0)))
        !           198:          && (type_needs_gc_entry (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (from, 1))) == 0
        !           199:              || value_safe_from_gc (to, TREE_OPERAND (from, 1))))
        !           200:        return 1;
        !           201:       break;
        !           202: 
        !           203:     case RTL_EXPR:
        !           204:       /* Every time we build an RTL_EXPR in the front-end, we must
        !           205:         ensure that everything in it is safe from the garbage collector.
        !           206:         ??? This has only been done for `build_new'.  */
        !           207:       return 1;
        !           208: 
        !           209:     default:
        !           210:       my_friendly_abort (41);
        !           211:     }
        !           212: 
        !           213:   if (to == 0)
        !           214:     return 0;
        !           215: 
        !           216:   /* FROM wasn't safe.  But other properties of TO might make it safe.  */
        !           217:   switch (TREE_CODE (to))
        !           218:     {
        !           219:     case VAR_DECL:
        !           220:     case PARM_DECL:
        !           221:       /* We already culled out static VAR_DECLs above.  */
        !           222:       return 0;
        !           223: 
        !           224:     case COMPONENT_REF:
        !           225:       /* These guys are special, and safe.  */
        !           226:       if (TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (to, 1)) == FIELD_DECL
        !           227:          && (VFIELD_NAME_P (DECL_NAME (TREE_OPERAND (to, 1)))
        !           228:              || VBASE_NAME_P (DECL_NAME (TREE_OPERAND (to, 1)))))
        !           229:        return 1;
        !           230:       /* fall through...  */
        !           231: 
        !           232:     case NOP_EXPR:
        !           233:     case NON_LVALUE_EXPR:
        !           234:     case WITH_CLEANUP_EXPR:
        !           235:     case SAVE_EXPR:
        !           236:     case PREDECREMENT_EXPR:
        !           237:     case PREINCREMENT_EXPR:
        !           238:     case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
        !           239:     case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
        !           240:       return value_safe_from_gc (TREE_OPERAND (to, 0), from);
        !           241: 
        !           242:     case COMPOUND_EXPR:
        !           243:     case TARGET_EXPR:
        !           244:       return value_safe_from_gc (TREE_OPERAND (to, 1), from);
        !           245: 
        !           246:     case COND_EXPR:
        !           247:       return (value_safe_from_gc (TREE_OPERAND (to, 1), from)
        !           248:              && value_safe_from_gc (TREE_OPERAND (to, 2), from));
        !           249: 
        !           250:     case INDIRECT_REF:
        !           251:     case ARRAY_REF:
        !           252:       /* This used to be 0, but our current restricted model
        !           253:         allows this to be 1.  We'll never get arrays this way.  */
        !           254:       return 1;
        !           255: 
        !           256:     default:
        !           257:       my_friendly_abort (42);
        !           258:     }
        !           259: 
        !           260:   /* Catch-all case is that TO/FROM is not safe.  */
        !           261:   return 0;
        !           262: }
        !           263: 
        !           264: /* Function to build a static GC entry for DECL.  TYPE is DECL's type.
        !           265: 
        !           266:    For objects of type `class *', this is just an entry in the
        !           267:    static vector __PTR_LIST__.
        !           268: 
        !           269:    For objects of type `class[]', this requires building an entry
        !           270:    in the static vector __ARR_LIST__.
        !           271: 
        !           272:    For aggregates, this records all fields of type `class *'
        !           273:    and `class[]' in the respective lists above.  */
        !           274: void
        !           275: build_static_gc_entry (decl, type)
        !           276:      tree decl;
        !           277:      tree type;
        !           278: {
        !           279:   /* Now, figure out what sort of entry to build.  */
        !           280:   if (TREE_CODE (type) == POINTER_TYPE
        !           281:       || TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
        !           282:     assemble_gc_entry (IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_NAME (decl)));
        !           283:   else if (TREE_CODE (type) == RECORD_TYPE)
        !           284:     {
        !           285:       tree ref = get_temp_name (build_reference_type (type), 1);
        !           286:       DECL_INITIAL (ref) = build1 (ADDR_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (ref), decl);
        !           287:       TREE_CONSTANT (DECL_INITIAL (ref)) = 1;
        !           288:       finish_decl (ref, DECL_INITIAL (ref), 0, 0);
        !           289:     }
        !           290:   else
        !           291:     {
        !           292:       /* Not yet implemented.
        !           293:         
        !           294:         Cons up a static variable that holds address and length info
        !           295:         and add that to ___ARR_LIST__.  */
        !           296:       my_friendly_abort (43);
        !           297:     }
        !           298: }
        !           299: 
        !           300: /* Protect FROM from the GC, assuming FROM is going to be
        !           301:    stored into TO.  We handle three cases for TO here:
        !           302: 
        !           303:    case 1: TO is a stack variable.
        !           304:    case 2: TO is zero (which means it is a parameter).
        !           305:    case 3: TO is a return value.  */
        !           306: 
        !           307: tree
        !           308: protect_value_from_gc (to, from)
        !           309:      tree to, from;
        !           310: {
        !           311:   if (to == 0)
        !           312:     {
        !           313:       tree cleanup;
        !           314: 
        !           315:       to = get_temp_regvar (TREE_TYPE (from), from);
        !           316: 
        !           317:       /* Convert from integer to list form since we'll use it twice.  */
        !           318:       DECL_GC_OFFSET (to) = build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, DECL_GC_OFFSET (to));
        !           319:       cleanup = build_function_call (gc_unprotect_fndecl,
        !           320:                                     DECL_GC_OFFSET (to));
        !           321: 
        !           322:       if (! expand_decl_cleanup (to, cleanup))
        !           323:        {
        !           324:          compiler_error ("cannot unprotect parameter in this scope");
        !           325:          return error_mark_node;
        !           326:        }
        !           327:     }
        !           328: 
        !           329:   /* Should never need to protect a value that's headed for static storage.  */
        !           330:   if (TREE_STATIC (to))
        !           331:     my_friendly_abort (44);
        !           332: 
        !           333:   switch (TREE_CODE (to))
        !           334:     {
        !           335:     case COMPONENT_REF:
        !           336:     case INDIRECT_REF:
        !           337:       return protect_value_from_gc (TREE_OPERAND (to, 0), from);
        !           338: 
        !           339:     case VAR_DECL:
        !           340:     case PARM_DECL:
        !           341:       {
        !           342:        tree rval;
        !           343:        if (DECL_GC_OFFSET (to) == NULL_TREE)
        !           344:          {
        !           345:            /* Because of a cast or a conversion, we might stick
        !           346:               a value into a variable that would not normally
        !           347:               have a GC entry.  */
        !           348:            DECL_GC_OFFSET (to) = size_int (++current_function_obstack_index);
        !           349:          }
        !           350: 
        !           351:        if (TREE_CODE (DECL_GC_OFFSET (to)) != TREE_LIST)
        !           352:          {
        !           353:            DECL_GC_OFFSET (to)
        !           354:              = build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, DECL_GC_OFFSET (to));
        !           355:          }
        !           356: 
        !           357:        current_function_obstack_usage = 1;
        !           358:        rval = build_function_call (gc_protect_fndecl,
        !           359:                                    tree_cons (NULL_TREE, from,
        !           360:                                               DECL_GC_OFFSET (to)));
        !           361:        TREE_TYPE (rval) = TREE_TYPE (from);
        !           362:        return rval;
        !           363:       }
        !           364:     }
        !           365: 
        !           366:   /* If we fall through the switch, assume we lost.  */
        !           367:   my_friendly_abort (45);
        !           368:   /* NOTREACHED */
        !           369:   return NULL_TREE;
        !           370: }
        !           371: 
        !           372: /* Given the expression EXP of type `class *', return the head
        !           373:    of the object pointed to by EXP.  */
        !           374: tree
        !           375: build_headof (exp)
        !           376:      tree exp;
        !           377: {
        !           378:   tree type = TREE_TYPE (exp);
        !           379:   tree vptr, offset;
        !           380: 
        !           381:   if (TREE_CODE (type) != POINTER_TYPE)
        !           382:     {
        !           383:       error ("`headof' applied to non-pointer type");
        !           384:       return error_mark_node;
        !           385:     }
        !           386: 
        !           387:   vptr = build1 (INDIRECT_REF, TYPE_POINTER_TO (vtable_entry_type), exp);
        !           388:   offset = build_component_ref (build_array_ref (vptr, integer_one_node),
        !           389:                                get_identifier (VTABLE_DELTA_NAME),
        !           390:                                NULL_TREE, 0);
        !           391:   return build (PLUS_EXPR, class_star_type_node, exp,
        !           392:                convert (integer_type_node, offset));
        !           393: }
        !           394: 
        !           395: /* Given the expression EXP of type `class *', return the
        !           396:    type descriptor for the object pointed to by EXP.  */
        !           397: tree
        !           398: build_classof (exp)
        !           399:      tree exp;
        !           400: {
        !           401:   tree type = TREE_TYPE (exp);
        !           402:   tree vptr;
        !           403:   tree t_desc_entry;
        !           404: 
        !           405:   if (TREE_CODE (type) != POINTER_TYPE)
        !           406:     {
        !           407:       error ("`classof' applied to non-pointer type");
        !           408:       return error_mark_node;
        !           409:     }
        !           410: 
        !           411:   vptr = build1 (INDIRECT_REF, TYPE_POINTER_TO (vtable_entry_type), exp);
        !           412:   t_desc_entry = build_component_ref (build_array_ref (vptr, integer_one_node),
        !           413:                                      get_identifier (VTABLE_PFN_NAME),
        !           414:                                      NULL_TREE, 0);
        !           415:   TREE_TYPE (t_desc_entry) = TYPE_POINTER_TO (__t_desc_type_node);
        !           416:   return t_desc_entry;
        !           417: }
        !           418: 
        !           419: /* Return the Type_info node associated with the expression EXP.  If EXP is
        !           420:    a reference to a polymorphic class, return the dynamic type; otherwise
        !           421:    return the static type of the expression.  */
        !           422: tree
        !           423: build_typeid (exp)
        !           424:      tree exp;
        !           425: {
        !           426:   tree type;
        !           427: 
        !           428:   if (exp == error_mark_node)
        !           429:     return error_mark_node;
        !           430: 
        !           431:   type = TREE_TYPE (exp);
        !           432:   
        !           433:   /* if b is an instance of B, typeid(b) == typeid(B).  Do this before
        !           434:      reference trickiness.  */
        !           435:   if (TREE_CODE (exp) == VAR_DECL && TREE_CODE (type) == RECORD_TYPE)
        !           436:     return get_typeid (type);
        !           437: 
        !           438:   /* Apply trivial conversion T -> T& for dereferenced ptrs.  */
        !           439:   if (TREE_CODE (type) == RECORD_TYPE)
        !           440:     type = build_reference_type (type);
        !           441: 
        !           442:   /* If exp is a reference to polymorphic type, get the real Type_info.  */
        !           443:   if (TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE && TYPE_VIRTUAL_P (TREE_TYPE (type)))
        !           444:     {
        !           445:       /* build reference to Type_info from vtable.  */
        !           446:       
        !           447:       sorry ("finding Type_info for an object");
        !           448:       return error_mark_node;
        !           449:     }
        !           450: 
        !           451:   /* otherwise return the Type_info for the static type of the expr.  */
        !           452:   return get_typeid (type);
        !           453: }
        !           454: 
        !           455: /* Return the Type_info object for TYPE, creating it if necessary.  */
        !           456: tree
        !           457: get_typeid (type)
        !           458:      tree type;
        !           459: {
        !           460:   if (type == error_mark_node)
        !           461:     return error_mark_node;
        !           462:   
        !           463:   /* Is it useful (and/or correct) to have different typeids for `T &'
        !           464:      and `T'?  */
        !           465:   if (TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
        !           466:     type = TREE_TYPE (type);
        !           467:   
        !           468:   /* build reference to static Type_info */
        !           469: #if 1
        !           470:   sorry ("finding Type_info for a type");
        !           471:   return error_mark_node;
        !           472: #else
        !           473:   register tree t = TYPE_TINFO (type);
        !           474: 
        !           475:   if (t)
        !           476:     return t;
        !           477: 
        !           478:   /* ... */
        !           479: 
        !           480: #endif  
        !           481: }
        !           482: 
        !           483: /* Execute a dynamic cast, as described in section 5.2.6 of the 9/93 working
        !           484:    paper.  */
        !           485: tree
        !           486: build_dynamic_cast (type, expr)
        !           487:      tree type, expr;
        !           488: {
        !           489:   enum tree_code tc = TREE_CODE (type);
        !           490:   tree exprtype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
        !           491:   enum tree_code ec = TREE_CODE (exprtype);
        !           492:   tree retval;
        !           493: 
        !           494:   if (type == error_mark_node || expr == error_mark_node)
        !           495:     return error_mark_node;
        !           496:   
        !           497:   switch (tc)
        !           498:     {
        !           499:     case POINTER_TYPE:
        !           500:       if (TREE_TYPE (type) == void_type_node)
        !           501:        break;
        !           502:       /* else fall through */
        !           503:     case REFERENCE_TYPE:
        !           504:       if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) == RECORD_TYPE
        !           505:          && TYPE_SIZE (TREE_TYPE (type)) != NULL_TREE)
        !           506:        break;
        !           507:       /* else fall through */
        !           508:     default:
        !           509:       cp_error ("`%#T' is not a valid type argument for dynamic_cast", type);
        !           510:       error ("(must be either pointer or reference to defined class or void *)");
        !           511:       return error_mark_node;
        !           512:     }
        !           513: 
        !           514:   /* Apply trivial conversion T -> T& for dereferenced ptrs.  */
        !           515:   if (ec == RECORD_TYPE)
        !           516:     {
        !           517:       exprtype = build_reference_type (exprtype);
        !           518:       ec = REFERENCE_TYPE;
        !           519:     }
        !           520:   
        !           521:   /* the TREE_CODE of exprtype must match that of type.  */
        !           522:   if (ec != tc)
        !           523:     {
        !           524:       cp_error ("`%E' (of type `%#T') fails to be of %s type", expr, exprtype,
        !           525:                tc == POINTER_TYPE ? "pointer" : "reference");
        !           526:       return error_mark_node;
        !           527:     }
        !           528: 
        !           529:   /* If *type is an unambiguous accessible base class of *exprtype,
        !           530:      convert statically.  */
        !           531:   {
        !           532:     int distance;
        !           533:     tree path;
        !           534: 
        !           535:     distance = get_base_distance (TREE_TYPE (type), TREE_TYPE (exprtype), 1,
        !           536:                                  &path);
        !           537:     if (distance >= 0)
        !           538:       return build_vbase_path (PLUS_EXPR, type, expr, path, 0);
        !           539:   }
        !           540: 
        !           541:   /* Otherwise *exprtype must be a polymorphic class (have a vtbl).  */
        !           542:   if (TYPE_VIRTUAL_P (TREE_TYPE (exprtype)))
        !           543:     {
        !           544:       /* if TYPE is `void *', return pointer to complete object.  */
        !           545:       if (tc == POINTER_TYPE && TREE_TYPE (type) == void_type_node)
        !           546:        {
        !           547:          /* if b is an object, dynamic_cast<void *>(&b) == (void *)&b.  */
        !           548:          if (TREE_CODE (expr) == ADDR_EXPR
        !           549:              && TREE_CODE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)) == VAR_DECL
        !           550:              && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0))) == RECORD_TYPE)
        !           551:            return build1 (NOP_EXPR, type, expr);
        !           552: 
        !           553:          sorry ("finding pointer to complete object");
        !           554:          return build1 (NOP_EXPR, type, expr);
        !           555:        }
        !           556:       else
        !           557:        {
        !           558:          tree retval;
        !           559: 
        !           560:          /* If we got here, we can't convert statically.  Therefore,
        !           561:             dynamic_cast<D&>(b) (b an object) cannot succeed.  */
        !           562:          if (ec == REFERENCE_TYPE)
        !           563:            {
        !           564:              if (TREE_CODE (expr) == VAR_DECL
        !           565:                  && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (expr)) == RECORD_TYPE)
        !           566:                {
        !           567:                  cp_warning ("dynamic_cast of `%#D' to `%#T' can never succeed",
        !           568:                              expr, type);
        !           569:                  /* cplus_expand_throw (Bad_cast_node); */
        !           570:                  sorry ("throwing Bad_cast");
        !           571:                  return error_mark_node;
        !           572:                }
        !           573:            }
        !           574:          /* Ditto for dynamic_cast<D*>(&b).  */
        !           575:          else if (TREE_CODE (expr) == ADDR_EXPR)
        !           576:            {
        !           577:              tree op = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
        !           578:              if (TREE_CODE (op) == VAR_DECL
        !           579:                  && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (op)) == RECORD_TYPE)
        !           580:                {
        !           581:                  cp_warning ("dynamic_cast of `%E' to `%#T' can never succeed",
        !           582:                              expr, type);
        !           583:                  retval = build_int_2 (0, 0); 
        !           584:                  TREE_TYPE (retval) = type; 
        !           585:                  return retval;
        !           586:                }
        !           587:            }
        !           588:          /* Build run-time conversion.  */
        !           589:          sorry ("run-time type conversion");
        !           590:          retval = build_int_2 (0, 0); 
        !           591:          TREE_TYPE (retval) = type; 
        !           592:          return retval;
        !           593:        }
        !           594:     }
        !           595: 
        !           596:   cp_error ("cannot dynamic_cast `%E' (of type `%#T') to type `%#T'",
        !           597:            expr, exprtype, type);
        !           598:   return error_mark_node;
        !           599: }
        !           600: 
        !           601: /* Build and initialize various sorts of descriptors.  Every descriptor
        !           602:    node has a name associated with it (the name created by mangling).
        !           603:    For this reason, we use the identifier as our access to the __*_desc
        !           604:    nodes, instead of sticking them directly in the types.  Otherwise we
        !           605:    would burden all built-in types (and pointer types) with slots that
        !           606:    we don't necessarily want to use.
        !           607: 
        !           608:    For each descriptor we build, we build a variable that contains
        !           609:    the descriptor's information.  When we need this info at runtime,
        !           610:    all we need is access to these variables.
        !           611: 
        !           612:    Note: these constructors always return the address of the descriptor
        !           613:    info, since that is simplest for their mutual interaction.  */
        !           614: 
        !           615: static tree
        !           616: build_generic_desc (decl, elems)
        !           617:      tree decl;
        !           618:      tree elems;
        !           619: {
        !           620:   tree init = build (CONSTRUCTOR, TREE_TYPE (decl), NULL_TREE, elems);
        !           621:   TREE_CONSTANT (init) = 1;
        !           622:   TREE_STATIC (init) = 1;
        !           623:   TREE_READONLY (init) = 1;
        !           624: 
        !           625:   DECL_INITIAL (decl) = init;
        !           626:   TREE_STATIC (decl) = 1;
        !           627:   layout_decl (decl, 0);
        !           628:   finish_decl (decl, init, 0, 0);
        !           629: 
        !           630:   return IDENTIFIER_AS_DESC (DECL_NAME (decl));
        !           631: }
        !           632: 
        !           633: /* Build an initializer for a __t_desc node.  So that we can take advantage
        !           634:    of recursion, we accept NULL for TYPE.
        !           635:    DEFINITION is greater than zero iff we must define the type descriptor
        !           636:    (as opposed to merely referencing it).  1 means treat according to
        !           637:    #pragma interface/#pragma implementation rules.  2 means define as
        !           638:    global and public, no matter what.  */
        !           639: tree
        !           640: build_t_desc (type, definition)
        !           641:      tree type;
        !           642:      int definition;
        !           643: {
        !           644:   tree tdecl;
        !           645:   tree tname, name_string;
        !           646:   tree elems, fields;
        !           647:   tree parents, vbases, offsets, ivars, methods, target_type;
        !           648:   int method_count = 0, field_count = 0;
        !           649: 
        !           650:   if (type == NULL_TREE)
        !           651:     return NULL_TREE;
        !           652: 
        !           653:   tname = build_t_desc_overload (type);
        !           654:   if (IDENTIFIER_AS_DESC (tname)
        !           655:       && (!definition || TREE_ASM_WRITTEN (IDENTIFIER_AS_DESC (tname))))
        !           656:     return IDENTIFIER_AS_DESC (tname);
        !           657: 
        !           658:   tdecl = lookup_name (tname, 0);
        !           659:   if (tdecl == NULL_TREE)
        !           660:     {
        !           661:       tdecl = build_decl (VAR_DECL, tname, __t_desc_type_node);
        !           662:       DECL_EXTERNAL (tdecl) = 1;
        !           663:       TREE_PUBLIC (tdecl) = 1;
        !           664:       tdecl = pushdecl_top_level (tdecl);
        !           665:     }
        !           666:   /* If we previously defined it, return the defined result.  */
        !           667:   else if (definition && DECL_INITIAL (tdecl))
        !           668:     return IDENTIFIER_AS_DESC (tname);
        !           669: 
        !           670:   if (definition)
        !           671:     {
        !           672:       tree taggr = type;
        !           673:       /* Let T* and T& be written only when T is written (if T is an aggr).
        !           674:          We do this for const, but not for volatile, since volatile
        !           675:         is rare and const is not.  */
        !           676:       if (!TYPE_VOLATILE (taggr)
        !           677:          && (TREE_CODE (taggr) == POINTER_TYPE
        !           678:              || TREE_CODE (taggr) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
        !           679:          && IS_AGGR_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (taggr)))
        !           680:        taggr = TREE_TYPE (taggr);
        !           681: 
        !           682:       /* If we know that we don't need to write out this type's
        !           683:         vtable, then don't write out it's dossier.  Somebody
        !           684:         else will take care of that.  */
        !           685:       if (IS_AGGR_TYPE (taggr) && CLASSTYPE_VFIELD (taggr))
        !           686:        {
        !           687:          if (CLASSTYPE_VTABLE_NEEDS_WRITING (taggr))
        !           688:            {
        !           689:              TREE_PUBLIC (tdecl) = ! CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_ONLY (taggr)
        !           690:                && CLASSTYPE_INTERFACE_KNOWN (taggr);
        !           691:              TREE_STATIC (tdecl) = 1;
        !           692:              DECL_EXTERNAL (tdecl) = 0;
        !           693:            }
        !           694:          else
        !           695:            {
        !           696:              if (write_virtuals != 0)
        !           697:                TREE_PUBLIC (tdecl) = 1;
        !           698:            }
        !           699:        }
        !           700:       else
        !           701:        {
        !           702:          DECL_EXTERNAL (tdecl) = 0;
        !           703:          TREE_STATIC (tdecl) = 1;
        !           704:          TREE_PUBLIC (tdecl) = (definition > 1);
        !           705:        }
        !           706:     }
        !           707:   SET_IDENTIFIER_AS_DESC (tname, build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR, tdecl, 0));
        !           708:   if (!definition || DECL_EXTERNAL (tdecl))
        !           709:     {
        !           710:       /* That's it!  */
        !           711:       finish_decl (tdecl, 0, 0, 0);
        !           712:       return IDENTIFIER_AS_DESC (tname);
        !           713:     }
        !           714: 
        !           715:   /* Show that we are defining the t_desc for this type.  */
        !           716:   DECL_INITIAL (tdecl) = error_mark_node;
        !           717: 
        !           718:   parents = build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, integer_zero_node);
        !           719:   vbases = build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, integer_zero_node);
        !           720:   offsets = build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, integer_zero_node);
        !           721:   methods = NULL_TREE;
        !           722:   ivars = NULL_TREE;
        !           723: 
        !           724:   if (TYPE_LANG_SPECIFIC (type))
        !           725:     {
        !           726:       int i = CLASSTYPE_N_BASECLASSES (type);
        !           727:       tree method_vec = CLASSTYPE_METHOD_VEC (type);
        !           728:       tree *meth, *end;
        !           729:       tree binfos = TYPE_BINFO_BASETYPES (type);
        !           730:       tree vb = CLASSTYPE_VBASECLASSES (type);
        !           731: 
        !           732:       while (--i >= 0)
        !           733:        parents = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_t_desc (BINFO_TYPE (TREE_VEC_ELT (binfos, i)), 0), parents);
        !           734: 
        !           735:       while (vb)
        !           736:        {
        !           737:          vbases = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_t_desc (BINFO_TYPE (vb), 0), vbases);
        !           738:          offsets = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, BINFO_OFFSET (vb), offsets);
        !           739:          vb = TREE_CHAIN (vb);
        !           740:        }
        !           741: 
        !           742:       if (method_vec)
        !           743:        for (meth = TREE_VEC_END (method_vec),
        !           744:             end = &TREE_VEC_ELT (method_vec, 0); meth-- != end; )
        !           745:          if (*meth)
        !           746:            {
        !           747:              methods = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_m_desc (*meth), methods);
        !           748:              method_count++;
        !           749:            }
        !           750:     }
        !           751: 
        !           752:   if (IS_AGGR_TYPE (type))
        !           753:     {
        !           754:       for (fields = TYPE_FIELDS (type); fields; fields = TREE_CHAIN (fields))
        !           755:        if (TREE_CODE (fields) == FIELD_DECL
        !           756:            || TREE_CODE (fields) == VAR_DECL)
        !           757:          {
        !           758:            ivars = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_i_desc (fields), ivars);
        !           759:            field_count++;
        !           760:          }
        !           761:       ivars = nreverse (ivars);
        !           762:     }
        !           763: 
        !           764:   parents = finish_table (0, TYPE_POINTER_TO (__t_desc_type_node), parents, 0);
        !           765:   vbases = finish_table (0, TYPE_POINTER_TO (__t_desc_type_node), vbases, 0);
        !           766:   offsets = finish_table (0, integer_type_node, offsets, 0);
        !           767:   if (methods == NULL_TREE)
        !           768:     methods = null_pointer_node;
        !           769:   else
        !           770:     methods = build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR,
        !           771:                              finish_table (0, __m_desc_type_node, methods, 0),
        !           772:                              0);
        !           773:   if (ivars == NULL_TREE)
        !           774:     ivars = null_pointer_node;
        !           775:   else
        !           776:     ivars = build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR,
        !           777:                            finish_table (0, __i_desc_type_node, ivars, 0),
        !           778:                            0);
        !           779:   if (TREE_TYPE (type))
        !           780:     target_type = build_t_desc (TREE_TYPE (type), definition);
        !           781:   else
        !           782:     target_type = integer_zero_node;
        !           783: 
        !           784:   name_string = combine_strings (build_string (IDENTIFIER_LENGTH (tname)+1, IDENTIFIER_POINTER (tname)));
        !           785: 
        !           786:   elems = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR, name_string, 0),
        !           787:           tree_cons (NULL_TREE,
        !           788:                      TYPE_SIZE(type)? size_in_bytes(type) : integer_zero_node,
        !           789:             /* really should use bitfield initialization here.  */
        !           790:             tree_cons (NULL_TREE, integer_zero_node,
        !           791:              tree_cons (NULL_TREE, target_type,
        !           792:               tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_int_2 (field_count, 2),
        !           793:                tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_int_2 (method_count, 2),
        !           794:                 tree_cons (NULL_TREE, ivars,
        !           795:                  tree_cons (NULL_TREE, methods,
        !           796:                   tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR, parents, 0),
        !           797:                    tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR, vbases, 0),
        !           798:                     build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR, offsets, 0))))))))))));
        !           799:   return build_generic_desc (tdecl, elems);
        !           800: }
        !           801: 
        !           802: /* Build an initializer for a __i_desc node.  */
        !           803: tree
        !           804: build_i_desc (decl)
        !           805:      tree decl;
        !           806: {
        !           807:   tree elems, name_string;
        !           808:   tree taggr;
        !           809: 
        !           810:   name_string = DECL_NAME (decl);
        !           811:   name_string = combine_strings (build_string (IDENTIFIER_LENGTH (name_string)+1, IDENTIFIER_POINTER (name_string)));
        !           812: 
        !           813:   /* Now decide whether this ivar should cause it's type to get
        !           814:      def'd or ref'd in this file.  If the type we are looking at
        !           815:      has a proxy definition, we look at the proxy (i.e., a
        !           816:      `foo *' is equivalent to a `foo').  */
        !           817:   taggr = TREE_TYPE (decl);
        !           818: 
        !           819:   if ((TREE_CODE (taggr) == POINTER_TYPE
        !           820:        || TREE_CODE (taggr) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
        !           821:       && TYPE_VOLATILE (taggr) == 0)
        !           822:     taggr = TREE_TYPE (taggr);
        !           823: 
        !           824:   elems = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR, name_string, 0),
        !           825:             tree_cons (NULL_TREE, DECL_FIELD_BITPOS (decl),
        !           826:                build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, build_t_desc (TREE_TYPE (decl),
        !           827:                                                          ! IS_AGGR_TYPE (taggr)))));
        !           828:   taggr = build (CONSTRUCTOR, __i_desc_type_node, NULL_TREE, elems);
        !           829:   TREE_CONSTANT (taggr) = 1;
        !           830:   TREE_STATIC (taggr) = 1;
        !           831:   TREE_READONLY (taggr) = 1;
        !           832:   return taggr;
        !           833: }
        !           834: 
        !           835: /* Build an initializer for a __m_desc node.  */
        !           836: tree
        !           837: build_m_desc (decl)
        !           838:      tree decl;
        !           839: {
        !           840:   tree taggr, elems, name_string;
        !           841:   tree parm_count, req_count, vindex, vcontext;
        !           842:   tree parms;
        !           843:   int p_count, r_count;
        !           844:   tree parm_types = NULL_TREE;
        !           845: 
        !           846:   for (parms = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (decl)), p_count = 0, r_count = 0;
        !           847:        parms != NULL_TREE; parms = TREE_CHAIN (parms), p_count++)
        !           848:     {
        !           849:       taggr = TREE_VALUE (parms);
        !           850:       if ((TREE_CODE (taggr) == POINTER_TYPE
        !           851:           || TREE_CODE (taggr) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
        !           852:          && TYPE_VOLATILE (taggr) == 0)
        !           853:        taggr = TREE_TYPE (taggr);
        !           854: 
        !           855:       parm_types = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_t_desc (TREE_VALUE (parms),
        !           856:                                                       ! IS_AGGR_TYPE (taggr)),
        !           857:                              parm_types);
        !           858:       if (TREE_PURPOSE (parms) == NULL_TREE)
        !           859:        r_count++;
        !           860:     }
        !           861: 
        !           862:   parm_types = finish_table (0, TYPE_POINTER_TO (__t_desc_type_node),
        !           863:                             nreverse (parm_types), 0);
        !           864:   parm_count = build_int_2 (p_count, 0);
        !           865:   req_count = build_int_2 (r_count, 0);
        !           866: 
        !           867:   if (DECL_VINDEX (decl))
        !           868:     vindex = DECL_VINDEX (decl);
        !           869:   else
        !           870:     vindex = integer_zero_node;
        !           871:   if (DECL_CONTEXT (decl)
        !           872:       && TREE_CODE_CLASS (TREE_CODE (DECL_CONTEXT (decl))) == 't')
        !           873:     vcontext = build_t_desc (DECL_CONTEXT (decl), 0);
        !           874:   else
        !           875:     vcontext = integer_zero_node;
        !           876:   name_string = DECL_NAME (decl);
        !           877:   if (name_string == NULL)
        !           878:       name_string = DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (decl);
        !           879:   name_string = combine_strings (build_string (IDENTIFIER_LENGTH (name_string)+1, IDENTIFIER_POINTER (name_string)));
        !           880: 
        !           881:   /* Now decide whether the return type of this mvar
        !           882:      should cause it's type to get def'd or ref'd in this file.
        !           883:      If the type we are looking at has a proxy definition,
        !           884:      we look at the proxy (i.e., a `foo *' is equivalent to a `foo').  */
        !           885:   taggr = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (decl));
        !           886: 
        !           887:   if ((TREE_CODE (taggr) == POINTER_TYPE
        !           888:        || TREE_CODE (taggr) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
        !           889:       && TYPE_VOLATILE (taggr) == 0)
        !           890:     taggr = TREE_TYPE (taggr);
        !           891: 
        !           892:   elems = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR, name_string, 0),
        !           893:             tree_cons (NULL_TREE, vindex,
        !           894:                tree_cons (NULL_TREE, vcontext,
        !           895:                   tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_t_desc (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (decl)),
        !           896:                                                       ! IS_AGGR_TYPE (taggr)),
        !           897:                      tree_cons (NULL_TREE, build_c_cast (TYPE_POINTER_TO (default_function_type), build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR, decl, 0)),
        !           898:                         tree_cons (NULL_TREE, parm_count,
        !           899:                            tree_cons (NULL_TREE, req_count,
        !           900:                               build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, build_unary_op (ADDR_EXPR, parm_types, 0)))))))));
        !           901: 
        !           902:   taggr = build (CONSTRUCTOR, __m_desc_type_node, NULL_TREE, elems);
        !           903:   TREE_CONSTANT (taggr) = 1;
        !           904:   TREE_STATIC (taggr) = 1;
        !           905:   TREE_READONLY (taggr) = 1;
        !           906:   return taggr;
        !           907: }
        !           908: 
        !           909: /* Conditionally emit code to set up an unwind-protect for the
        !           910:    garbage collector.  If this function doesn't do anything that involves
        !           911:    the garbage collector, then do nothing.  Otherwise, call __gc_push
        !           912:    at the beginning and __gc_pop at the end.
        !           913: 
        !           914:    NOTE!  The __gc_pop function must operate transparently, since
        !           915:    it comes where the logical return label lies.  This means that
        !           916:    at runtime *it* must preserve any return value registers.  */
        !           917: 
        !           918: void
        !           919: expand_gc_prologue_and_epilogue ()
        !           920: {
        !           921:   extern tree maybe_gc_cleanup;
        !           922:   struct rtx_def *last_parm_insn, *mark;
        !           923:   extern struct rtx_def *get_last_insn ();
        !           924:   extern struct rtx_def *get_first_nonparm_insn ();
        !           925:   extern struct rtx_def *previous_insn ();
        !           926:   tree action;
        !           927: 
        !           928:   /* If we didn't need the obstack, don't cons any space.  */
        !           929:   if (current_function_obstack_index == 0
        !           930:       || current_function_obstack_usage == 0)
        !           931:     return;
        !           932: 
        !           933:   mark = get_last_insn ();
        !           934:   last_parm_insn = get_first_nonparm_insn ();
        !           935:   if (last_parm_insn == 0) last_parm_insn = mark;
        !           936:   else last_parm_insn = previous_insn (last_parm_insn);
        !           937: 
        !           938:   action = build_function_call (gc_push_fndecl,
        !           939:                                build_tree_list (NULL_TREE, size_int (++current_function_obstack_index)));
        !           940:   expand_expr_stmt (action);
        !           941: 
        !           942:   reorder_insns (next_insn (mark), get_last_insn (), last_parm_insn);
        !           943: 
        !           944:   /* This will be expanded as a cleanup.  */
        !           945:   TREE_VALUE (maybe_gc_cleanup)
        !           946:     = build_function_call (gc_pop_fndecl, NULL_TREE);
        !           947: }
        !           948: 
        !           949: /* Some day we'll use this function as a call-back and clean
        !           950:    up all the unnecessary gc dribble that we otherwise create.  */
        !           951: void
        !           952: lang_expand_end_bindings (first, last)
        !           953:      struct rtx_def *first, *last;
        !           954: {
        !           955: }
        !           956: 
        !           957: void
        !           958: init_gc_processing ()
        !           959: {
        !           960:   tree parmtypes = hash_tree_chain (class_star_type_node,
        !           961:                                    hash_tree_chain (integer_type_node, NULL_TREE));
        !           962:   gc_protect_fndecl = define_function ("__gc_protect",
        !           963:                                       build_function_type (class_star_type_node, parmtypes),
        !           964:                                       NOT_BUILT_IN, 0, 0);
        !           965: 
        !           966:   parmtypes = hash_tree_chain (integer_type_node, NULL_TREE);
        !           967:   gc_unprotect_fndecl = define_function ("__gc_unprotect",
        !           968:                                         build_function_type (void_type_node, parmtypes),
        !           969:                                         NOT_BUILT_IN, 0, 0);
        !           970: 
        !           971:   gc_push_fndecl = define_function ("__gc_push",
        !           972:                                    TREE_TYPE (gc_unprotect_fndecl),
        !           973:                                    NOT_BUILT_IN, 0, 0);
        !           974: 
        !           975:   gc_pop_fndecl = define_function ("__gc_pop",
        !           976:                                   build_function_type (void_type_node,
        !           977:                                                        void_list_node),
        !           978:                                   NOT_BUILT_IN, 0, 0);
        !           979:   gc_nonobject = build_int_2 (0x80000000, 0);
        !           980:   gc_visible = build_int_2 (0x40000000, 0);
        !           981:   gc_white = integer_zero_node;
        !           982:   gc_offwhite = build_int_2 (0x10000000, 0);
        !           983:   gc_grey = build_int_2 (0x20000000, 0);
        !           984:   gc_black = build_int_2 (0x30000000, 0);
        !           985: }

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