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Annotation of Net2/arch/i386/netboot/readme, revision 1.1

1.1     ! root        1: Ethernet boot prom code.
        !             2: 
        !             3: This is code that can be burned into an eprom and installed in an
        !             4: ethernet card. It uses the extension facilities of the bios to to boot
        !             5: a kernel via the network.
        !             6: 
        !             7: Netboot uses bootp or rarp to determine its ip address and tftps a
        !             8: designated kernel from a server. You should be running a daemon for
        !             9: either bootp or rarp to service requests from this client. If you are
        !            10: using bootp, the boot file name and the gateway (if necessary) will
        !            11: also be transmitted to the client. If you use rarpd, the boot file
        !            12: name is synthesized by this boot code from the eight hexadecimal
        !            13: digits that comprise the IP address of the client and an extension of
        !            14: "386bsd". If you use rarp, the rarp server must also be the tftp
        !            15: server.
        !            16: 
        !            17: If you have configured both bootp and rarpd into the boot prom, the
        !            18: response from the first host to respond via either protocol will be
        !            19: used.
        !            20: 
        !            21: This code was developed using GNU as 2.1 and GNU cc version 2.3.3,
        !            22: running under 386bsd.  Pre 2.0 versions of GNU as might have trouble
        !            23: with some syntax.  Testing was done with a SMC Elite16 and 16k eproms.
        !            24: 
        !            25: 
        !            26: Installation instructions:
        !            27: 
        !            28: Check the configurable parameters in Makefile.
        !            29: 
        !            30: Check the configurable parameters in the ethernet driver source for
        !            31: the card you are using:
        !            32: - in wd80x3.c: WD_BASEREG, WD_BASEMEM (irqs not used)
        !            33: 
        !            34: Make.
        !            35: 
        !            36: If you wish, you can test the binary (boot.bin) by copying it to a
        !            37: floppy with the dosload.exe program and execute the boot code from the
        !            38: floppy.
        !            39: 
        !            40: Burn the resultant binary (boot.bin) into an eprom and install it in
        !            41: the ethernet card.
        !            42: 
        !            43: Decide which protocol (bootp or rarp) to use on a server; set up that
        !            44: server.
        !            45: 
        !            46: Setting up a bootp server entails creating a bootpd client
        !            47: configuration file. The format is similar to that of printcap. An
        !            48: entry looks something like:
        !            49: 
        !            50: sams-1:\
        !            51:        :bf=diskless_kernel.386bsd:\
        !            52:        :gw=139.88.30.4:\
        !            53:        :ht=ethernet:\
        !            54:        :ha=0000c025e35b:\
        !            55:        :ip=139.88.30.39:\
        !            56:        :sm=255.255.255.0:\
        !            57:        :to=18000:
        !            58: 
        !            59: Setting up a rarpd server entails creating an ethernet/ip address
        !            60: resolution file '/etc/ethers' with a line for each netboot client in
        !            61: the form:
        !            62: 
        !            63: 00:00:c0:25:e3:5b       sams-1.lerc.nasa.gov
        !            64: 
        !            65: If you don't know the ethernet address, boot the client with the eprom
        !            66: installed; the ethernet address of the card will be displayed.
        !            67: 
        !            68: Set up tftpd on a server. Check '/etc/inetd.conf'; there should be a
        !            69: line that starts something like:
        !            70: 
        !            71: tftp    dgram   udp     wait    root    ...
        !            72: 
        !            73: perhaps commented out.
        !            74: 
        !            75: Build a kernel that is capable of operating via NFS.  Martin Renters
        !            76: released some patches and a kernel configuration program that work
        !            77: nicely (comp.os.386bsd.development around March 22, 1993); they should
        !            78: be around somewhere. If you can't find them, I can email you a copy.
        !            79: 
        !            80: Make the kernel available via tftp under one of the names which this
        !            81: code will use to look for the kernel.  If you are using bootp, you can
        !            82: specify the name as a bootp client configuration parameter. If you
        !            83: don't specify the name, or if you are using rarp the this code will
        !            84: synthesize the name using its client's IP address.  The hexadecimal
        !            85: version of the client's IP address with the extension '.386bsd' is the
        !            86: default choice.
        !            87: 
        !            88: Create the exportable nfs mount points for which this kernel will use
        !            89: and load them with necessary files (the base distribution, ...).
        !            90: Export them so they can be mounted by this kernel when it boots from
        !            91: the client IP address.
        !            92: 
        !            93: 
        !            94: Usage instructions:
        !            95: 
        !            96: At any time the escape key can be struck to gain entrance to the
        !            97: interactive monitor. There is a menu of monitor commands that can be
        !            98: invoked to customize a boot operation.
        !            99: 
        !           100: 
        !           101: Notes:
        !           102: 
        !           103: When Martin Renter's patches are applied to netbsd 0.8, there will be
        !           104: one failure (pmap.c). Ignore it, the relevant code has already been
        !           105: fixed.
        !           106: 
        !           107: I had some small problems with getfh(2) as used in the nfs configuring
        !           108: program - I suspect the problem is a bug in SunOS 4.1.1 - if you have
        !           109: similar problems, I can email you my gross hack workaround.
        !           110: 
        !           111: As noted by Mr. Renters, advisory flock()ing is not supported - this
        !           112: breaks some programs. The first broken utility you will likely
        !           113: encounter is vipw(1). The others: passwd, dump, ar, mail, tip, lpr,
        !           114: sendmail.
        !           115: 
        !           116: You should examine your rc script and make appropriate changes to the
        !           117: boot up sequence.
        !           118: 
        !           119: Here are the steps I took to bring netbsd 0.8 up for the client sams-1
        !           120: using the host dinah in the domain lerc.nasa.gov.
        !           121: 
        !           122: - Create the /dev/vga device.
        !           123: 
        !           124: - Create some ptys.
        !           125: 
        !           126: - Create /etc/fstab to contain:
        !           127:        dinah:/home/386bsd-root / nfs rw
        !           128:        dinah:/home/386bsd-swap none swap rw
        !           129: in it for the root and swap.
        !           130: 
        !           131: - Edit /etc/rc; the line 'mount -a -t nonfs' is changed to:
        !           132:        mount -a -t nonfs,swap
        !           133: 
        !           134: - Edit /etc/myname to contain
        !           135:        sams-1
        !           136: 
        !           137: - Edit /etc/hosts to contain:
        !           138:        127.0.0.1       localhost loghost
        !           139:        139.88.30.39    sams-1
        !           140: and delete the other stuff in it.
        !           141: 
        !           142: - Create /etc/resolv.conf to contain:
        !           143:        domain lerc.nasa.gov
        !           144:        nameserver 128.156.1.43
        !           145:        nameserver 139.88.76.3
        !           146: where the two addresses are those of some name servers in my domain.
        !           147: There are, of course, the two alternatives of using just the /etc/hosts
        !           148: file, or using named.
        !           149: 
        !           150: - Create /etc/mygate to contain:
        !           151:        139.88.30.4
        !           152: which is the IP address of my gateway.
        !           153: 
        !           154: - Re-symlink /etc/localtime to the correct zone.
        !           155: 
        !           156: 
        !           157: TBD:
        !           158: -linux
        !           159: -ne2100
        !           160: -handle small memory configuration
        !           161: -USE_BIOS version
        !           162: -return to bios correctly
        !           163: -remove old Phys... stuff; relics of real mode prom version
        !           164: -accept bootd extension items & pass as args, modify kernel to
        !           165:  init nfs_diskless from args. Need:
        !           166:        myif                    [local] [bootp]
        !           167:        mygateway                       [bootp]
        !           168:        swap_args               [local]
        !           169:        swap_fh                         [bootp]
        !           170:        swap_saddr              [local] [bootp]
        !           171:        swap_hostname                   [bootp]
        !           172:        root_args               [local]
        !           173:        root_fh                         [bootp]
        !           174:        root_saddr              [local] [bootp]
        !           175:        root_hostnam                    [bootp]
        !           176:  A tight squeeze, passing all necessary info in one bootp packet.
        !           177: 
        !           178: Please send me any improvements you make to this code. It will be
        !           179: appreciated.
        !           180: 
        !           181: Jim McKim ([email protected])

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